On a Simplified Calculation Method of Equivalent Sound Level of Road Traffic Noise Which Consider the Difference Between the Pavements

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Felcyn

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Temporal Structure ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Sound Level ◽

Time Structure ◽

Common Source ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Annoyance ◽

Modern Cities ◽

Negative Feelings

Abstract Purpose Road traffic noise is the most common source of noise in modern cities. The noise indicators used to manage noise do not take into account its temporal structure. However, in cities the traffic flow varies during the day, peaking due to congestion and more fluent periods. In this research we sought to analyze how people (giving answers on a numerical ICBEN scale) perceive noise stimuli with the same LAeqT values but different time structures (more/less noise events, different amplitude envelopes). Methods 31 people with normal hearing took part in an experiment conducted in an anechoic chamber. Participants listened to 18 different noise recordings and rated each of them using the numerical ICBEN scale regarding noise annoyance. Results The results showed that only sound level was a statistically significant factor. However, based on people’s remarks about noise, we can also say that the more intermittent the noise is, the more negative feelings it evokes in people. Conclusions Time structure does not have a significant influence on people’s judgments about noise annoyance. However, people tend to have a preference for a steady noise rather than an intermittent one.

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Statistical Study of the Instantaneous Values of Traffic Noise Sound Pressure Level

Noise & Vibration Worldwide ◽

10.1260/095745602760590203 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 16-24

Author(s):

Jesús Alba Fernández ◽

Marcelino Ferri García ◽

Jaime Ramis Soriano ◽

Juan Antonio Martínez Mora

Keyword(s):

Sound Pressure Level ◽

Sound Pressure ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Sound Level ◽

Pressure Level ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Statistical Parameters ◽

Sound Event

In environmental acoustics the knowledge of the time dependency of the sound level provides relevant information about a sound event. In this sense, it may be said that conventional sound level metres have frequently implemented programs to calculate the fractiles (percentiles) of the distribution of instantaneous sound levels; and there are several indexes to evaluate the noise pollution, based on different statistical parameters. For further analysis of sound, and to obtain the commented indexes, it is accepted that this distribution is normal or gaussian. The questions we've tried to solve in this work are the following: First of all, whether the time dependent distribution of the variable sound pressure level should be considered as Gaussian in general cases or only in some particular ones. On the other hand, we have studied how the frequency of the sampling affects the resulting distribution of a given a sound event. To these ends, a set of road traffic noise events has been evaluated. Furthermore, even in gaussian distributions of sound pressure levels, the average of the distribution will not be coincident with the equivalent sound pressure level; that is the level of the average quadratic pressure. The difference between this parameter, and its dependence on the standard deviation, is studied.

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STUDY ON EFFECTIVE NOISE BARRIER AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SMAN 02) CIBINONG

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v0i0.4360 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Aulia Ramandha ◽

Wisnu Eka Yulyanto ◽

Sandra Madonna

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Insertion Loss ◽

Noise Level ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Type Ii ◽

Noise Barrier ◽

Barrier Type ◽

The Difference

Aim: The aim of this study is to design noise barrier shapes and to investigate its effectiveness in reducing traffic noise at one public school in Indonesia. Methodology and Results: Two types of barriers were designed on a laboratory scale using plywood materials and the noise level was measured using Noise Analyzer Briiel and Kjaer Type 2250. Noise reduction was analyzed by using the Insertion Loss method based on the difference of the noise level before and after implementing the barrier. The results show that the barrier Type II with a length of 200 cm, a receiver height of 30 cm, and a curved shape of 45° angle (Type L) is more effective in reducing the noise than the other variation of barrier shape and length. Barrier Type L (Type II) can reduce the noise at high frequency between 1–8 kHz with an Insertion Loss value of 6.9–27.9 dB. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The noise barrier Type II, with specifications of 20 m length, 3 m height, and barrier material of reinforced concrete, is recommended to be used at the high school to reduce the road traffic noise.

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Acoustic Prediction Modeling and Sound Mapping of public transport users' exposure at a bus stop.

INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings ◽

10.3397/in-2021-2591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 263 (2) ◽

pp. 4058-4069

Author(s):

Dayane Cristina Lima Estercio ◽

Paulo Fernando Soares

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Sound Level ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

High Frequencies ◽

Reference Models ◽

The Road ◽

Bus Stop ◽

Specular Reflections ◽

The City

The objective of this research is to develop a mathematical model to predict the road traffic noise level at the bus stop, to assess the level of noise that users of these urban facilities are exposed daily. To help assess the exposure and the environmental impact, sound mapping will be performed using the IMMI software. In the model, the calculation of direct paths and specular reflections and diffuse was adopted. The study was applied in three sections in the city of Maringá, Brazil. At each point, the user was simulated standing and sitting. The sound source was positioned on the axis of each strip, every five meters. In total, 5124 readings of source positions were evaluated in 84 measured points. For the validation, the Anderson-Kurze, Kang, Yang and Zhang, Bistafa and Naish model were applied, and then the t-Student test were applied. The results showed a correspondence between the developed model, the data of the measurements and the reference models in the range of 25 Hz to 10000 Hz, there was a greater variance between the models applied in the high frequencies. It is concluded that the model was able to estimate the sound level of the stretches evaluated.

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Estimation of Day-Evening-Night Sound Level of Road Traffic Noise in Urban Area

Acta Acustica united with Acustica ◽

10.3813/aaa.918402 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 228-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rufin Makarewicz

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Sound Level ◽

Road Traffic Noise

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Analysis of Traffic Noise in Two Cross-Sections at the Road Crossing The City

Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina ◽

10.26552/com.c.2021.1.b13-b21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. B13-B21

Author(s):

Andrzej Bąkowski ◽

Leszek Radziszewski

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Acoustic Pressure ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Sound Level ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

The Road ◽

Recorded Data ◽

Relative Differences ◽

The City

The paper presents an analysis of the noise recorded by the two road traffic noise-monitoring stations. The stations were located in Kielce, Poland, at the road No. 74: on the outskirts of the city and near the center. Based on the experimentally recorded data, an equivalent sound level and acoustic pressure were determined for three sub-intervals of the day: nights, days and evenings. The conducted analyses showed that the average annual values (depending only on the time sub-intervals) of the median do not differ significantly between stations. A similar conclusion can be drawn based on simulations of the median and the C90 percentile of the sound pressure . However, the maximum relative differences in the C99 percentile of the acoustic pressure between stations are around 13%. The maximum relative differences in median pressure between stations are around 15% (for the time sub-interval nights).

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Assessment of the RLS 90 calculation method for predicting road traffic noise in Colombian conditions

Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia ◽

10.17533/udea.redin.n75a17 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diego Mauricio Murillo-Gómez ◽

◽

Juan Camilo Gil-Carvajal ◽

Valentina Zapata-Rodríguez ◽

José Julián Téllez-García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calculation Method ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Road Traffic Noise

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Is the sound environment relevant for how people use common spaces?

Building Acoustics ◽

10.1177/1351010x18790832 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 307-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Estévez-Mauriz ◽

Jens Forssén ◽

Maud E Dohmen

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Sound Quality ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Single Attribute ◽

Sound Environment ◽

The Difference ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

The City

Rapid and intrusive spatial adjustments in common spaces are increasingly questioned by the awareness of citizens demanding higher quality standards. This study aims to understand the use of common space by identifying how the sound environment affects the functions of space and the interaction with other environmental and spatial variables. Is there a certain sound environment required or that should be avoided when designing a space for a specific activity? In situ evaluations with regular users were collected in nine common spaces in Gothenburg, Sweden, conducting sound recordings and questionnaires. Site selection responded to the purpose of the analysed places, the noise level (LAeq) of the city road traffic noise map, and the number of activities suggested by the city sociotope maps. The analyses revealed that certain activities could be identified from LAeq values. Discriminant functions with respect to sound levels primarily identified a tranquil/restorative vibrant dimension, where the highest noise levels tend to be at the most vibrant end. Other results showed that a considerable variability of overall and visual quality judgements came from the variability in sites. These quality assessments were highly correlated, allowing both to be analysed as a single attribute. The variability in sound quality was much lower. Notable is the difference between recorded and perceived loudness. In addition, poor sound quality judgement does not seem to correlate with the perception of mechanical sources as the main source of noise.

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