scholarly journals Importance of the temporal venous drainage to the petrosal approaches of the skull base

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Da Silva ◽  
Cleiton Schweitzer Peron ◽  
Cesar Augusto Silveira Nunes ◽  
Samir Cezimbra Dos Santos ◽  
Luciano Carvalho Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Venous Anatomy ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Lateral Group ◽  
Vein Of Labbé

Objectives: The temporal venous drainage is essential to the favorable prognosis of the patients whose require subtemporal and petrosal approaches to the skull base. To obtain adequate exposure of the middle and posterior fossae the tentorial split is an important step. The aim of this paper is discuss the anatomical aspects of the venous patterns of the temporal lobe stressing the relevant correlations with the petrosal and tentorial approaches. Methods: The authors review the anatomic, surgical and radiological aspects of the temporal venous drainage with special concerning about the preservation of the temporal lobe integrity during the transtentorial and petrosal approaches. Results: The vein of Labbè is the most important vein of the lateral group of veins and it is present in almost 100% of the cases. The inferior system of veins is composed by three different groups of veins in the anterior, medial and posterior portions of the temporal lobe. The anteroinferior veins can be present in 70% of the temporal lobes, the medial-inferior veins in 40% and the posteroinferior in 90% of the cases. The anteroinferior and the posteroinferior groups of veins drain in an independent pattern of the lateral group in more than 10% of the cases. Conclusions: Despite of the preservation of the vein of Labbè during the transtentorial and petrosal approaches, temporal infarction has been observed as a complication of such approaches. The patterns of the venous drainage at the inferior temporal surface should be observed carefully in order to avoid temporal infarction. Angiographic preoperative studies are crucial to evaluate such venous anatomy. The correct positioning of the tentorial incisions according with the temporal venous anatomy and the intermittent gentle temporal retraction are the technical aspects, which permit the better final results.

Pancreas transplantation with portal venous drainage with an emphasis on technical aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Rogers ◽  
Alan C. Farney ◽  
Giuseppe Orlando ◽  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Yousef Al-Shraideh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreas Transplantation ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Technical Aspects

Temporal Lobe Syndromes

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-135
Author(s):  
Arpit Parmar ◽  
G. S. Kaloiya ◽  
Harsimarpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Left Temporal Lobe ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
The Common

Temporal lobes are one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex and perform a complex array of interrelated functions. They play an important role in various day-to-day functioning. The common pathologies leading to isolated temporal lobe dysfunction are infarction (of the middle cerebral artery), hemorrhage, seizures, tumors, encephalitis, and traumatic brain injury. Temporal lobe syndromes include a wide array of various neurological (Kluver-Bucy syndrome, Geschwind Gastaut syndrome, etc.), elementary (e.g., vertiginous syndromes, hallucinations, etc.), neuropsychiatric (e.g., anxiety, agitation, aggression, etc.), and cognitive (e.g., Korsakoff amnesia, cortical deafness, etc.) disorders. The presentation depends on a multitude of factors including involvement of dominant or non-dominant lobe. Left temporal lobe involvement usually leads to various forms of aphasia while right side involvement leads to more covert and varied syndromes. In this chapter, the authors discuss the anatomy of the temporal lobe, its functional aspects, and various syndromes of temporal lobe dysfunction.

scholarly journals A case study of temporal lobe development in familial schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Honer ◽  
A. S. Bassett ◽  
P. Falkai ◽  
T. G. Beach ◽  
J. S. Lapointe
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Neuronal Migration ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities

SynopsisCase studies of patients with familial schizophrenia may help to define the pathophysiology of this illness and indicate potential candidate genes for genetic linkage studies. In this regard, the clinical, radiological and pathological assessments of a 39-year-old affected man from a pedigree with familial schizophrenia are presented. Brain imaging with CT indicated moderate cortical atrophy, particularly of the temporal lobes. Neuropathological examination revealed granular ependymitis, indicating possible past ventricular pathology. Granular ependymitis was reported to occur in genetic developmental disorders with neuronal migration abnormalities. In the present case, heterotopic clusters of neurons were visualized in the entorhinal cortex, suggesting that temporal lobe development was not entirely normal. This case study suggests that genetic factors could be investigated further as one possible aetiology of certain neurodevelopmental abnormalities observed in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Retrograde episodic and semantic memory impairment correlates with side of temporal lobe damage

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1083-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVANA BUCCIONE ◽  
LUCIA FADDA ◽  
LAURA SERRA ◽  
CARLO CALTAGIRONE ◽  
GIOVANNI A. CARLESIMO
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Herpes Encephalitis ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
First Case ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
The Right

AbstractPatients with damage to the mesial and anterior portions of the temporal lobes suffer from a memory impairment involving both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. In the retrograde domain, it has been suggested that the relative severity of autobiographical and nonautobiographical memory impairment may depend on the prevalent side of the temporal damage. Here we present two patients suffering from damage to the mesial and anterior portions of the temporal lobes (hippocampal formation, parahippocampal gyrus and polar cortex) as a result of herpes encephalitis. In the first case, A.S., damage predominantly affected the right temporal lobe, whereas in the second patient, R.S., the damage was bilateral but more severe on the left side. A detailed investigation of the retrograde memory deficit demonstrated a partial double dissociation between the two patients, with A.S. almost exclusively impaired in the autobiographical domain (both episodic and semantic) and R.S. with poor performances in all domains, but much more severe in the nonautobiographical (both public events and general semantic knowledge) than in the autobiographical one. These findings reinforce the view of specialization of right and left temporal lobes in the retrieval of retrograde autobiographical and nonautobiographical memories, respectively. (JINS, 2008, 14, 1083–1094.)

Common and Uncommon Variations of Pulmonary Venous Drainage in Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Lobectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (03) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Amore ◽  
Dino Casazza ◽  
Pasquale Imitazione ◽  
Carlo Curcio
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Apical Segment ◽  
Venous Anatomy ◽  
Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Abstract Background Variations in pulmonary venous anatomy should not be undermined by thoracic surgeons during procedures which involve the pulmonary veins. Methods We have identified vascular anomalies in 25 of 346 patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy at our Thoracic Surgery Unit, between December 2016 and November 2018. Results Some vascular anomalies described have not been reported in recent literature and include right V7 draining into the middle lobe pulmonary vein, accessory right V6 behind the bronchus intermedius, two V6 from the apical segment of left lower lobe, two V6 from the apical segment of right lower lobe, and one of them draining into the superior pulmonary vein. Conclusion Thoracic surgeons should be aware of this type of anomalies because failure in the preoperative or intraoperative identification of the pulmonary venous variations may lead to serious complications.

Intact Perceptual Priming in a Patient with Damage to the Anterior Inferior Temporal Lobes

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Srinivas ◽  
Sarah D. Breedin ◽  
H. Branch Coslett ◽  
Eleanor M. Saffran
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Perceptual Priming ◽  
Memory Tests ◽  
Neuropsychological Examination ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
Novel Objects ◽  
Structural Descriptions

We conducted three experiments to examine whether the anterior portion of the inferior temporal (IT) lobe is involved in the processing of visual objects in humans. In monkeys, damage to this region results in severe deficits in perception and in memory for visual objects. Our study was designed to examine both these processes in a patient (DM) with bilateral damage to the anterior portion of the inferior temporal lobe. Neuropsychological examination revealed a significant semantic impairment and a mild deficit in the discrimination of familiar objects from nonobjects. Despite these difficulties, the results of several studies indicated that DM was able to form and retain descriptions of the structure of objects. Specifically, DM showed normal perceptual priming for familiar and novel objects on implicit memory tests, even when the objects were transformed in size and left-right orientation. These results suggest that the anterior IT is not'involved in (1) the storage of pre-existing structural descriptions of known objects, (2) the ability to create new structural descriptions for novel objects, and (3) the ability to compute descriptions that are invariant with respect to changes in size and reflection. Instead, the anterior IT appears to provide the interface between structural descriptions of objects and their meanings.

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE CRANIO-FACIAL APPROACH TO TUMOURS OF THE ORBIT AND SKULL BASE

1988 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. David ◽  
Donald A. Simpson ◽  
Tor G. Henrikkson ◽  
Mark H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Technical Aspects

scholarly journals Callosal Atrophy Correlates with Temporal Lobe Volume and Mental Status in Alzheimer's Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Black ◽  
Scott D. Moffat ◽  
David C. Yu ◽  
Jayson Parker ◽  
Peter Stanchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Cerebral Commissures ◽  
State Examination

Background:Recent studies have reported significant atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it is currently unknown whether CC atrophy is associated with specific cortical volume changes in AD. Moreover, possible atrophy in extra-callosal commissures has not been examined to date. The purpose of the present study was to quantify atrophy in two cerebral commissures [the CC and the anterior commissure (AC)], to correlate this measure with cognitive status, and to relate commissural size to independent measures of temporal lobe volume in AD patients.Methods:A sample of AD patients and of age- and education-matched normal control subjects (NCs) underwent MRI and a cognitive test battery including the Dementia Rating Scale and Mini Mental State examination. Mid-sagittal regional areas within CC and AC were measured along with superior, middle and inferior temporal lobes volumes.Results:Alzheimer's Disease patients had significantly smaller callosa than did NCs. The callosal regions most affected in AD included the midbody, isthmus and genu. The isthmus and midbody areas of the CC were positively correlated with cognitive performance and with superior temporal lobe volume in AD patients. The mid-sagittal area of the AC and the superior temporal volumes did not differ between AD patients and NCs.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that the regional morphology of the CC correlates with current cognitive status and temporal lobe atrophy in AD. As well, the lack of difference for the AC suggests that commissural atrophy in AD is regionally specific.

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