scholarly journals Other-Regarding Virtues and Their Place in Virtue Argumentation Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-357
Author(s):  
Felipe Oliveira de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Intuitive View ◽  
Virtue Argumentation ◽  
Other Regarding ◽  
Made In ◽  
Virtuous Arguer

In this paper, I argue that, despite the progress made in recent years, virtue argumentation theory still lacks a more systematic acknowledgment of other-regarding virtues. A fuller recognition of such virtues not only enriches the field of research of virtue argumentation theory in significant ways, but also allows for a richer and more intuitive view of the virtuous arguer. A fully virtuous arguer, it is argued, should care to develop both self-regarding and other-regarding virtues. He should be concerned both with his own development as an arguer and with helping other arguers in that regard.

scholarly journals Virtues, Evidence, and Ad Hominem Arguments

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bondy
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Ad Hominem ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Virtue Argumentation

Argumentation theorists are beginning to think of ad hominem arguments as generally legitimate. Virtue argumentation theorists argue that a character trait approach to argument appraisal can explain why ad hominems would are legitimate, when they are legitimate. But I argue that we do not need to appeal to virtue argumentation theory to explain the legitimacy of ad hominem arguments; a more straightforward evidentialist approach to argument appraisal is also committed to their legitimacy. I also argue that virtue argumentation theory faces some important problems, and that whereas the virtue-theoretic approach in epistemology is (arguably) well-motivated, that motivation does not carry over to virtue argumentation theory.

scholarly journals Virtue and Argument: Taking Character Into Account

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Bowell ◽  
Justine Kingsbury
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Alternative Definition ◽  
Good Argument ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Virtue Argumentation

In this paper we consider the prospects for an account of good argument that takes the character of the arguer into consideration. We conclude that although there is much to be gained by identifying the virtues of the good arguer and by considering the ways in which these virtues can be developed in ourselves and in others, virtue argumentation theory does not offer a plausible alternative definition of good argument.

scholarly journals Virtue, In Context

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Virtue Argumentation

Virtue argumentation theory provides the best framework for accommodating the notion of an argument that is “fully satisfying” in a robust and integrated sense. The process of explicating the notion of fully satisfying arguments requires expanding the concept of arguers to include all of an argument’s participants, including judges, juries, and interested spectators. And that, in turn, requires expanding the concept of an argument itself to include its entire context.

scholarly journals Bogency and Goodacies: On Argument Quality in Virtue Argumentation Theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Paglieri
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Argument Quality ◽  
Virtue Argumentation

Virtue argumentation theory (VAT) has been charged of being incomplete, given its alleged inability to account for argument cogency in virtue-theoretical terms. Instead of defending VAT against that challenge, I suggest it is misplaced, since it is based on a premise VAT does not endorse, and raises an issue that most versions of VAT need not consider problematic. This in turn allows distinguishing several varieties of VAT, and clarifying what really matters for them.

scholarly journals Emotion, Argumentation and Informal Logic

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Informal Logic ◽  
Traditional Attitude ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

Over the past 60 years there have been tremendous advances made in Argumentation Theory. One crucial advance has been the move from the investigation of static arguments to a concern with dialogic interactions in concrete contexts. This focus has entailed a slow shift toward involving both non-logical and non-discursive elements in the analysis of an argument. I argue that the traditional attitude Informal Logic has displayed toward emotion can be and ought be moderated. In particular, I examine the role of emotion in everyday argumentation, and how Informal Logic can encompass it alongside the more traditional logical mode of communication

scholarly journals Investigating the failure to best respond in experimental games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despoina Alempaki ◽  
Andrew M. Colman ◽  
Felix Kölle ◽  
Graham Loomes ◽  
Briony D. Pulford
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Deliberation Process ◽  
Unstructured Environment ◽  
Experimental Games ◽  
Other Regarding ◽  
Best Responses ◽  
Made In

AbstractWe examine strategic sophistication using eight two-person 3 × 3 one-shot games. To facilitate strategic thinking, we design a ‘structured’ environment where subjects first assign subjective values to the payoff pairs and state their beliefs about their counterparts’ probable strategies, before selecting their own strategies in light of those deliberations. Our results show that a majority of strategy choices are inconsistent with the equilibrium prediction, and that only just over half of strategy choices constitute best responses to subjects’ stated beliefs. Allowing for other-regarding considerations increases best responding significantly, but the increase is rather small. We further compare patterns of strategies with those made in an ‘unstructured’ environment in which subjects are not specifically directed to think strategically. Our data suggest that structuring the pre-decision deliberation process does not affect strategic sophistication.

What Virtue Argumentation Theory Misses: The Case of Compathetic Argumentation

Topoi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Cohen ◽  
George Miller
Keyword(s):  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Virtue Argumentation

Spectrophotometric measurements of objective-prism spectra

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
Th. Schmidt-Kaler
Keyword(s):  
Progress Report ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Objective Prism ◽  
Made In

I should like to give you a very condensed progress report on some spectrophotometric measurements of objective-prism spectra made in collaboration with H. Leicher at Bonn. The procedure used is almost completely automatic. The measurements are made with the help of a semi-automatic fully digitized registering microphotometer constructed by Hög-Hamburg. The reductions are carried out with the aid of a number of interconnected programmes written for the computer IBM 7090, beginning with the output of the photometer in the form of punched cards and ending with the printing-out of the final two-dimensional classifications.

Surface Structure in Microtomed Sections Caused by Glass and Diamond Knives

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black ◽  
William G. Boldosser
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Coating ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Normal Manner ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Cutting Direction ◽  
Made In ◽  
Diamond Knife

Ultramicrotomy produces plastic deformation in the surfaces of microtomed TEM specimens which can not generally be observed unless special preparations are made. In this study, a typical biological composite of tissue (infundibular thoracic attachment) infiltrated in the normal manner with an embedding epoxy resin (Epon 812 in a 60/40 mixture) was microtomed with glass and diamond knives, both with 45 degree body angle. Sectioning was done in Portor Blum Mt-2 and Mt-1 microtomes. Sections were collected on formvar coated grids so that both the top side and the bottom side of the sections could be examined. Sections were then placed in a vacuum evaporator and self-shadowed with carbon. Some were chromium shadowed at a 30 degree angle. The sections were then examined in a Phillips 300 TEM at 60kv.Carbon coating (C) or carbon coating with chrom shadowing (C-Ch) makes in effect, single stage replicas of the surfaces of the sections and thus allows the damage in the surfaces to be observable in the TEM. Figure 1 (see key to figures) shows the bottom side of a diamond knife section, carbon self-shadowed and chrom shadowed perpendicular to the cutting direction. Very fine knife marks and surface damage can be observed.

Iron storage sites in the myocardium as revealed by cytohistochemistry

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 394-395
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
F. Thompson ◽  
S. Miki ◽  
P. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Intracellular Iron ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Made In

Iron is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic injury. However, the sources of intracellular iron in myocytes are not yet defined. In this study we have attempted to localize iron at various cellular sites of the cardiac tissue with the ferrocyanide technique.Rat hearts were excised under ether anesthesia. They were fixed with coronary perfusion with 3% buffered glutaraldehyde made in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer pH 7.3. Sections, 60 μm in thickness, were cut on a vibratome and were incubated in the medium containing 500 mg of potassium ferrocyanide in 49.5 ml H2O and 0.5 ml concentrated HC1 for 30 minutes at room temperature. Following rinses in the buffer, tissues were dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in Spurr medium.The examination of thin sections revealed intense staining or reaction product in peroxisomes (Fig. 1).

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