The Investigation·Supervision System of the Laboratory for Protecting Experimental Animals with Regard to the United States Animal Welfare Act

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 43-73
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Seok Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Experimental Animals

scholarly journals Estimating mouse and rat use in American laboratories by extrapolation from Animal Welfare Act-regulated species

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Carbone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Tier System ◽  
Western Nations ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Usage Data

AbstractAlone among Western nations, the United States has a two-tier system for welfare protections for vertebrate animals in research. Because its Animal Welfare Act (AWA) excludes laboratory rats and mice (RM), government veterinarians do not inspect RM laboratories and RM numbers are only partially reported to government agencies1. Without transparent statistics, it is impossible to track efforts to reduce or replace these sentient animals’ use or to project government resources needed if AWA coverage were expanded to include them. I obtained annual RM usage data from 16 large American institutions and compared RM numbers to institutions’ legally-required reports of their AWA-covered mammals. RM comprised approximately 99.3% of mammals at these representative institutions. Extrapolating from 780,070 AWA-covered mammals in 2017–18, I estimate that 111.5 million rats and mice were used per year in this period. If the same proportion of RM undergo painful procedures as are publicly reported for AWA-covered animals, then some 44.5 million mice and rats underwent potentially painful experiments. These data inform the questions of whether the AWA needs an update to cover RM, or whether the NIH should increase transparency of funded animal research. These figures can benchmark progress in reducing animal numbers in general and more specifically, in painful experiments. This estimate is higher than any others available, reflecting the challenges of obtaining statistics without consistent and transparent institutional reports.

Oversight of Research Animal Welfare in the United States

2014 ◽  
pp. 5-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Bradfield ◽  
B. Taylor Bennett ◽  
Cynthia S. Gillett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Animal

The Under-representation of African American Employees in Animal Welfare Organizations in the United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue-Ellen Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nonhuman Animal ◽  
Almost All ◽  
American Employees

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to document the alleged underrepresentation of African Americans employed in U.S. nonhuman animal welfare organizations. A telephone survey of 32 animal welfare organizations yielded responses from 13 with 1,584 employees. Almost all organizations were reluctant to respond. Of the 13 organizations responding, 62% (N = 8) had no African American employees. African Americans made up 4% (N = 63) of the total number of employees with only 0.8% (N = 12) at the top levels (officials, managers, and professionals). African Americans never made up more than 7% of the employees in their respective organization. This paper discusses a model of, and resources for, successful diversity building in nonprofit organizations.

The Animal Welfare Act's Impact on the Scientist

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
James W. Glosser ◽  
Phyllis B. York
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Animal Care

The bond between animals and humans has existed for a long time. Humans are entrusted with the stewardship for animal care and well-being as a part of their use. Legislation has addressed humane care of animals in the United States since 1873. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is responsible for administering many of these laws, including the Animal Welfare Act. Recent amendments to the Animal Welfare Act require regulations to be established for the exercise of dogs and the psychological well-being of primates. It also requires the establishment of an Institutional Animal Committee, training for scientists, consideration of alternatives by the principal investigator, and the establishment of an information service at the National Agricultural Library.

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