Endobronchial actinomycosis in a child during COVID-19 pandemic

Actinomycosis is a rare, indolent and invasive infection caused by Actinomyces species. Pulmonary actinomycosis is very rarely seen in the paediatric population. The classic radiological presentation of thoracic involvement of actinomycosis includes lower lobe consolidation, empyema and periostitis of the ribs. We report a case of endobronchial pulmonary actinomycosis in a child diagnosed on endobronchial biopsy and broncho-alveolar lavage taken during bronchoscopy. Bronchoscopy can be dangerous when performed on these cases, as there is a risk of severe bleeding and large airway obstruction, as was the case with this patient.

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Pulmonary actinomycosis affecting chest wall: a case report

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v14i4.21583 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 417-419

Author(s):

Md. Zakiul Hassan ◽

Md. Nazim Uddin ◽

H. M. Nazmul Ahsan

Keyword(s):

Chest Wall ◽

Medical Science ◽

Left Lung ◽

Anterior Chest Wall ◽

Sinus Tract ◽

Filamentous Bacteria ◽

Thoracic Actinomycosis ◽

Pulmonary Actinomycosis ◽

Actinomyces Species ◽

Sulfur Granules

Thoracic actinomycosis is an uncommon, chronic suppurative bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species. Thoracic actinomycosis represents about one-fourth of all cases of actinomycosis. We report a case of left sided pleural effusion with hydropneumothorax with collapse and consolidation of left lung with discharging sinus in the left anterior chest wall. Actinomycosis was suspected and confirmed by microscopic identification of sulfur granules in the discharge of the sinus tract and also identification of gram-positive filamentous bacteria in the specimen of discharging sinus.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.417-41

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Rigid Bronchoscopy under General Anaesthesia Is a Safe and Effective Method in Which To Deploy Self Expanding Metallic Stents To Treat Large Airway Obstruction: Comparison to the Published Data on the Deployment of Metallic Stents by Flexible Bronchoscopy.

10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a5777 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

TA Christopherson ◽

BP Madden

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

General Anaesthesia ◽

Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽

Flexible Bronchoscopy ◽

Metallic Stents ◽

Published Data ◽

Large Airway

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Infantile intrathoracic large airway obstruction in a setting with a high prevalence of tuberculosis/HIV

Paediatrics and International Child Health ◽

10.1080/20469047.2017.1422883 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112

Author(s):

Benjamin Wybrand Barnard ◽

Anne-Marie Du Plessis ◽

Pierre Goussard ◽

Richard Denys Pitcher

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Large Airway ◽

High Prevalence

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O-196 High frequency electrical knife through fibrobronchoscope in treatment of tracheal tumor with large airway obstruction

Lung Cancer ◽

10.1016/s0169-5002(03)91854-x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. S58

Author(s):

Guiqian Wang

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

High Frequency ◽

Tracheal Tumor ◽

Large Airway

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A novel approach to the management of acute tracheal tear

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215107001533 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 122 (12) ◽

pp. 1392-1393 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

B Creagh-Brown ◽

A Sheth ◽

A Crerar-Gilbert ◽

B P Madden

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Stent Deployment ◽

Tracheal Stent ◽

Large Airway ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Tracheal Tear

AbstractObjective:We describe the emergency use of a covered, expandable, removable tracheal stent in a patient who developed a large posterior tracheal tear complicating endobronchial therapy for large airway obstruction.Method:Case report and review of the literature concerning management of acute tracheal tear.Results and conclusion:Our patient demonstrates that endotracheal stenting is an option for managing acute large airway tear. Moreover, the use of a removable stent allows not only for rapid closure of the defect but also removal once the defect has healed, thus avoiding long-term complications of stent deployment.

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Successful Bronchoscopic Cryorecanalization in a Case of Endobronchial Lipoma

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy ◽

10.1155/2011/845686 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

B. Lamprecht ◽

G. Hutarew ◽

P. Porsch ◽

B. Wegleitner ◽

M. Studnicka

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Lower Lobe ◽

Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

History Of ◽

The Right

Endobronchial lipomas are rare benign tumors; less than 150 cases have been reported so far. Bronchial occlusion usually leads to a misdiagnosis of asthma/COPD or malignancy. We report the case of a 67-year-old man with a history of heavy smoking (100 pack years), dyspnea on exertion, cough, and malaise who was treated for pneumonia for three weeks. Due to nonresolving atelectasis of the superior segment of the right lower lobe, a malignant endobronchial tumor was suspected. Rigid bronchoscopy with cryorecanalization led to both the definite histopathological diagnosis of endobronchial lipoma and the reopening of an endoluminal airway obstruction during one procedure.

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Bronchial arterial embolization may reduce the risk of severe bleeding in central airway obstruction due to renal cell carcinomas during bronchoscopic procedures

Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1177/1753466620976012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 175346662097601

Author(s):

Meimei Tao ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

Hongwu Wang ◽

Hongming Ma ◽

Hong Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Arterial Embolization ◽

Severe Bleeding ◽

Interventional Bronchoscopy ◽

Central Airway Obstruction ◽

Bronchial Arterial Embolization ◽

Dyspnea Score ◽

Central Airway ◽

Metastatic Rcc

Background: Hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication during bronchoscopic intervention in patients with central airway obstruction (CAO) due to metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Whether pre-bronchoscopic bronchial arterial embolization (BAE) can reduce the risk of severe bleeding in CAO patients due to metastatic RCC remains unclear. Methods: A total of 31 CAO patients due to metastatic RCC were included retrospectively and divided into a BAE group (receiving pre-bronchoscopic BAE) and non-BAE group in this study. Based on computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopic findings, tumor debulking was used to reconstruct the airway during interventional bronchoscopy. The primary outcome was the incidence of severe bleeding during bronchoscopic procedures. Bleeding-related complications, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) and dyspnea score were also analyzed over a 1-month observation period. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, including patients’ features, tumor morphology under CT scannings, tumor site, and obstruction degree under bronchoscopic examination. Procedure-related bleeding occurred in all 31 patients. Pre-bronchoscopic BAE significantly reduced the incidence of moderate and major bleeding when compared with that in the non-BAE group. The incidence of poor visualization and hypoxia was also reduced significantly in the BAE group. There was no significant difference in KPS and dyspnea score between the BAE and non-BAE groups at 1 month follow up. Conclusion: Pre-bronchoscopic BAE might be a feasible option to reduce the risk of severe bleeding for CAO patients due to metastatic RCC during bronchoscopic intervention. Interventional bronchoscopy was a safe and effective procedure for CAO due to metastatic RCC. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

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