scholarly journals Pulmonary artery aneurysm associated with a non-stenotic bicuspid pulmonic valve: a role for genetics?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Alexis ◽  
Ismail El-Hamamsy ◽  
Michael Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Valves ◽  
Pulmonic Valve ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
The Relationship

Background Bicuspid pulmonic valves are quite uncommon, being described in only 0.1% of donor hearts, while pulmonary artery aneurysms are even more rare, having been found in 8 out of 109,571 autopsies. This rarity makes it difficult to characterize the relationship between them. Materials & Methods We describe the case of a 66-year-old female who was found to have a bicuspid pulmonic valve and pulmonary artery aneurysm (5.1cm) on imaging by her cardiologist. Discussion & Conclusion This case raises the question of whether the association between bicuspid semilunar valve disease and vascular wall anomalies are more genetic or hemodynamic. Even on the aortic side, despite the robust association between bicuspid aortic valves and thoracic aortic aneurysms, the mechanism still remains unclear. In our patient there was no significant gradient across the bicuspid pulmonic valve, suggesting that hemodynamics are not the primum mobile of this association.

scholarly journals Pulmonary artery aneurysm secondary to congenital pulmonic valve stenosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Audra Schwalk ◽  
Gilbert Berdine
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonic Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Aorta Diameter ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter

Pulmonary artery (PA) aneurysms are uncommon and often diagnosed post-mortem. Theyare characterized by a PA/aorta diameter ratio greater than 2 on transthoracic echocardiographyor a pulmonary artery diameter greater than 4 or 5 cm on computed tomography. The mostcommon conditions associated with pulmonary artery aneurysm are congenital heart defectswith left-to-right shunts and pulmonic valve abnormalities. There are also numerous causesof acquired pulmonary artery aneurysms, including infection, vasculitis, pulmonary arterialhypertension, trauma, neoplasm and pulmonary embolism. Symptoms of PA aneurysm areusually non-specific, and physical examination findings are variable depending on the underlyingcause. Work-up includes various imaging modalities, transthoracic echocardiography, and rightheart catheterization. The gold standard treatment is surgery, but in select patients, conservativemanagement with close monitoring can be pursued.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm Repair with Alpha-1 Anti-trypsin Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Starr ◽  
Caitlin Takahashi-Pipkin ◽  
Michael Bates ◽  
Shahab Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonic Valve ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Work Up

A 62-year-old woman with pulmonary hypertension due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and known congenital pulmonic valve stenosis presented with palpitations, chest pressure and bradycardia and was found to have a 6 cm pulmonary artery aneurysm on work-up. The patient underwent surgical pulmonary artery aneurysm repair and recovered from operation without complications.

A gray zone in the literature: indications, options, and outcomes for surgical repair of pulmonary artery aneurysms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ergin Arslanoglu ◽  
Kenan Abdurrahman Kara ◽  
Fatih Yigit ◽  
Cüneyt Arkan ◽  
Esra Ozcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms

Abstract Pulmonary artery aneurysms are rare. They are characterised by an aneurysmatic dilatation of the pulmonary vascular bed, including the main pulmonary artery or the accompanying pulmonary artery branches. Increases in pulmonary flow and pulmonary artery pressure increase the risk of rupture: when these conditions are detected, surgical intervention is necessary. This study is a retrospective analysis of 33 patients treated in our paediatric cardiac surgery clinic from 2012 to 2020. Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms in patients who were patched for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction and corrected with a conduit were excluded from the study. Seventeen (51.5%) of the patients included in the study were female and 16 (48.5%) were male. The patients were aged between 23 and 61 years (mean 30.66 ± 12.72 years). Graft interpositions were performed in 10 patients (30.3%) and pulmonary artery plications were performed in 23 patients (69.7%) to repair aneurysms. There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups (p > 0.05). Pulmonary artery aneurysm interventions are safe, life-saving treatments that prevent fatal complications such as ruptures, but at present there is no clear guidance regarding surgical timing or treatment strategies. Pulmonary artery interventions should be performed in symptomatic patients with dilations ≥5 cm or asymptomatic patients with dilations ≥8 cm; pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure, and pulmonary artery aneurysm diameter must be considered when planning surgeries, their timing, and making decisions regarding indications. Experienced surgical teams can achieve satisfactory results using one of the following surgical techniques: reduction pulmonary arterioplasty, plication, or graft replacement.

scholarly journals Rare and interesting case of solitary peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusudana Narayana ◽  
Nagesh Basavaraj ◽  
Smitha Nagaraju ◽  
Jagmohan Sugnyanasagar Venkataramanappa
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Lower Lobectomy ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
Infection Patient ◽  
Right Lower Lobectomy

Abstract We report a rare case of solitary peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm in a patient who was evaluated for haemoptysis. Incidentally, his total antibodies were positive for Coronavirus 2019 infection. Patient underwent right lower lobectomy uneventfully. Peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms arising from segmental or intrapulmonary branches are extremely rare. Untreated, the majority end fatally due to sudden rupture and exsanguination. The purpose of this article is to report our rare case and review the pertinent literature.

Pulmonary mucormycosis causing a mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysm

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232199849
Author(s):  
Richard Saldanha ◽  
Ravi Ghatanatti ◽  
Mohan D Gan ◽  
Kiran Kurkure ◽  
Gautam Suresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Mucormycosis ◽  
Pulmonary Angiogram ◽  
Ct Pulmonary Angiogram ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

Mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysms requiring pneumonectomy are extremely rare. We present a severely breathless immunocompromised diabetic middle-aged female patient. CT pulmonary angiogram revealed a giant pulmonary artery aneurysm with impending rupture in the right lung. We did an emergency right pneumonectomy under cardiopulmonary bypass support. Histopathology report of the lung specimen confirmed mucormycosis. She received amphotericin B after the procedure. The patient had a prolonged postoperative hospital stay and succumbed to sepsis. Mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysm portends very high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm with a Bicuspid Pulmonic Valve

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Sahil Prasada ◽  
Olivia N. Gilbert ◽  
Sanjay K. Gandhi ◽  
Bharathi Upadhya ◽  
Richard Brandon Stacey
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Pulmonic Valve

scholarly journals A Case of Isolated Bicuspid Pulmonic Valve and Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sahebjam ◽  
Neda Toofaninejad
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Regurgitation ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Pulmonic Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Aneurysms

A 33-year-old woman with a history of thyroid surgery for thyroid cancer and radioactive iodine therapy was referred for echocardiography due to dyspnea on exertion. Transthoracic echocardiography showed normal left ventricular size and function (the ejection fraction = 55%), a prolapsing mitral valve with redundant chordae, mild mitral regurgitation, a tricuspid aortic valve, mild aortic insufficiency, and mild tricuspid regurgitation. The most remarkable echocardiographic findings were moderate right ventricular dilation with mild systolic dysfunction, moderate right atrial dilation, an aneurysmal pulmonary artery (the main pulmonary artery = 47 mm), mild pulmonary stenosis (the peak gradient = 22 mmHg), and severe pulmonary regurgitation (the vena contracta = 6–7 mm and the pressure half time = 105 ms). Transesophageal echocardiography with the use of 3D modalities demonstrated a bicuspid pulmonic valve with doming and poor coaptation of the pulmonic valve leaflets (Figure 1). Additionally, a large patent foramen ovale was visualized in color Doppler (the flap separation = 2 mm and the tunnel length = 11 mm) with bubble passage in agitated saline injection. Bicuspid pulmonic valves constitute a rare finding, and they are most often associated with other congenital heart diseases. Isolated bicuspid pulmonic valves are extremely rare, with an incidence rate of about 0.1% in clinical practice.1 Pulmonary artery aneurysms also comprise a rare abnormality, with an incidence rate of approximately 1 in 14 000 cases in most studies.2 The association between bicuspid pulmonic valves and pulmonary artery aneurysms has been reported, and the pathophysiologic causes of this association include hemodynamic alterations due to bicuspid pulmonic valves and most likely the abnormal migration of neural crest cells.3  The diagnosis of a bicuspid pulmonic valve by 2D imaging is challenging and sometimes impossible. Using 3D echocardiography and reconstruction confers a better assessment of the pulmonic valve morphology and identification of bicuspid pulmonic valves.

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