scholarly journals The application of DP polarography for the determination of zinc and content of zinc pyrithione in anti-dandruff shampoos

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Blagojevic ◽  
Ferenc Pastor ◽  
Ivan Boric ◽  
Natasa Eric ◽  
Desanka Suznjevic
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Zinc Pyrithione ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Pulse Polarography ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Curve Method

Commercially formulated anti-dandruff shampoos contain zinc pyrithione (ZPT) as an active ingredient that has antifungal, antibacterial and anti-seborrheic properties. The determination of ZPT concentration in commercial anti-dandruff shampoos by differential pulse polarography (DPP) was based on the electrochemical reduction of zinc ions in ammoniacal buffer pH 10.2, and the linear dependence of the reduction differential pulse peak current at the potential -1.33 V vs. concentration of zinc. Using the calibration curve method, it was found that the range of linearity for the determination of zinc concentration was from 1.28 x 10?5 to 1.39 x 10-4 mol L-1 (linear regression equation: I = - 0.097 + 6.635 x 105c). Surface active ingredients and micro-components in the shampoos did not exert a polarographic interference for the determination of zinc and did not affect the indirect determination of the content of the active ingredient ZPT. The concentrations of zinc in the analyzed anti-dandruff shampoo samples were determined by the standard addition method, resulting in 4.20 x 10-2 mol L-1, 1.76 x 10-1 mol L-1 and 1.82 x 10-1 mol L-1. The results of DPP determinations of zinc and ZPT show that the content of ZPT was 0.28%, 1.15% i.e. 1.19% and was below the maximum recommended level of ZPT in anti-dandruff shampoos. This simple and sensitive differential pulse polarography method is suitable for a routine and rapid control of the active ingredient content, as well as for the quality control of anti-dandruff shampoos.

Indirect determination of ephedrine in urine by differential pulse polarography

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 1214-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hernandez ◽  
A. Zapardiel ◽  
E. Bermejo ◽  
J. A. Perez ◽  
M. Chicharro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Pulse Polarography

scholarly journals Voltammetric Behaviour and Analysis of Fluchloralin

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Balaji ◽  
C. Sridevi ◽  
N. Ananda Kumar Reddy ◽  
K. Mohana Muni Sidda Reddy ◽  
C. Suresh Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Standard Addition ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Reduction Behavior ◽  
Controlled Potential Electrolysis ◽  
Pulse Polarography ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Controlled Potential

The electrochemical reduction behavior of fluchloralin has been studied by D.C.polarography, differential pulse polarography, millicoulometry and controlled potential electrolysis in the universal buffers ranging from 2.0 to 12.0. Kinetic parameters were evaluated and a reduction mechanism was proposed. A simple and rapid differential pulse polarographic method has been developed for the determination of fluchloralin in formulations, grains, soils and spiked water samples. The lower detection limit was found to be 1.5×10-8M. Both the standard addition and calibration methods were used for the analytical measurements.

Determination of platinum in biological material by differential pulse polarography: Analysis in urine, plasma and tissue following sample combustion

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 2903-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Vrabec ◽  
Oldřich Vrána ◽  
Vladimír Kleinwächter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Catalytic Current ◽  
Pulse Polarography ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode

A method is described for determining total platinum content in urine, blood plasma and tissues of patients or experimental animals receiving cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum(II). The method is based on drying and combustion of the biological material in a muffle furnace. The product of the combustion is dissolved successively in aqua regia, hydrochloric acid and ethylenediamine. The resulting platinum-ethylenediamine complex yields a catalytic current at a dropping mercury electrode allowing to determine platinum by differential pulse polarography. Platinum levels of c. 50-1 000 ng per ml of the biological fluid or per 0.5 g of a tissue can readily be analyzed with a linear calibration.

Polarography of N,N-dimethyl-4-amino-4'-hydroxyazobenzene in water-methanol mixtures

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Barek ◽  
Lubomír Kelnar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Polarographic Reduction ◽  
Reduction Mechanism ◽  
Pulse Polarography ◽  
Methanol Medium

The polarographic reduction of N,N-dimethyl-4-amino-4'-hydroxyazobenzene in water-methanol medium was investigated. Evidence is presented for adsorption of the depolarizer on the electrode, and a reduction mechanism is proposed. Conditions are indicated for the determination of this compound in the concentration range 10-4-10-6 mol/l by d.c. polarography, 10-5 to 3 . 10-7 mol/l by Tast polarography, and 10-5-3 . 10-8 mol/l by differential pulse polarography.

Polarographic and voltammetric determination of 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 2466-2472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Barek ◽  
Antonín Berka ◽  
Ludmila Dempírová ◽  
Jiří Zima
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Differential Pulse Voltammetry ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Voltammetric Determination ◽  
Differential Pulse Polarography ◽  
Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode ◽  
Pulse Polarography ◽  
Pulse Voltammetry

Conditions were found for the determination of 6-mercaptopurine (I) and 6-thioguanine (II) by TAST polarography, differential pulse polarography and fast-scan differential pulse voltammetry at a hanging mercury drop electrode. The detection limits were 10-6, 8 . 10-8, and 6 . 10-8 mol l-1, respectively. A further lowering of the detection limit to 2 . 10-8 mol l-1 was attained by preliminary accumulation of the determined substances at the surface of a hanging mercury drop.

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