scholarly journals Patient protection in dental radiology: Influence of exposure time on patient dose

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Arandjic ◽  
Dusko Kosutic ◽  
Djordje Lazarevic
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Patient Dose ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Patient Doses

This paper shows the results of dose assessment for dental radiographic procedures. Entrance surface doses for 5 different procedures were assessed. More than 15 hospitals, twenty X-ray units in total, were encompassed in this research. Patient doses were estimated based on results of X-ray tube output measurements. Finally, doses were compared with Reference levels. Higher dose values were observed for X-ray units with 50 kVp. In comparison with digital units, doses from other procedures are significantly higher. .

scholarly journals Patient dose measurement in common medical X-ray examinations and propose the first local dose reference levels to diagnostic radiology in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Behrouz Rasuli ◽  
Raheleh Tabari Juybari ◽  
Meysam Forouzi ◽  
Mohammad Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Patient Dose ◽  
Skin Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anatomical Data ◽  
Patient Load ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Southwest Of Iran

Abstract Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in pelvic and abdomen x-ray examinations. This work also provided the LDRLs (local diagnostic reference levels) in Khuzestan region, southwest of Iran to help establish the NDRLs (national diagnostic reference levels). Methods: Patient doses were assessed from patient’s anatomical data and exposure parameters based on the IAEA indirect dosimetry method. With regard to this method, exposure parameters such as tube output, kVp, mAs, FFD and patient anatomical data were used for calculating ESD (entrance skin dose) of patients. This study was conducted on 250 standard patients (50% men and 50% women) at eight high-patient-load imaging centers. Results: The results indicate that mean ESDs for the both pelvic and abdomen examinations were lower than the IAEA and EC reference levels, 2.3 and 3.7 mGy, respectively. Mean applied kVps were 67 and 70 and mean FFDs were 103 and 109, respectively. Tube loadings obtained in this study for pelvic examination were lower than all the corresponding values in the reviewed literature. Likewise, the average annual patient load across all hospitals were more than 37000 patients, i.e. more than 100 patients a day. Conclusions: The authors recommend that DRLs (diagnostic reference levels) obtained in this region, which are the first available data, can be used as local DRLs for pelvic and abdomen procedures. This work also provides that on-the-job training programs for staffs and close cross collaboration between physicists and physicians should be strongly considered.

scholarly journals Analysis of Average Glandular Dose (AGD) and Associated Parameters for Conventional and Digital X-Ray Mammography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Idris Suliman ◽  
Sawsan Mohamed ◽  
Alaa Mahadi ◽  
Einas Bashier ◽  
A Farah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Specific ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Average Glandular Dose ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Conversion Coefficients

Abstract In this study, we determined the average glandular dose (AGD) from the craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) views of 496 breasts (247 women) at eight clinics in Sudan. The incident air kerma from the X-ray tube output values and typical patient-specific breast exposure factors were measured. AGD values were inferred from the measured incident air kerma and breast-specific dose conversion coefficients. The AGD per CC and MLO projection and per woman ranged from 0.34–5.3 mGy (average: 2.46), 0.29–3.39 mGy (average: 1.50), and 0.6–7.4 mGy (average: 3.95). The proposed national diagnostic reference levels (mGy) are 3.48, 2.03, and 6.44 mGy for CC, MLO, and per woman, respectively. Establishing the proposed diagnostic reference levels is an essential step in ensuring patient protection from radiation and will help promote dose optimization for X-ray mammography at the national levels and beyond. The results provide important baseline data that can be used to formulate the national diagnostic reference levels.

scholarly journals Establishment of local diagnostic reference levels for typical radiography examinations in the west region of Croatia

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Segota ◽  
Ana Diklic ◽  
Slaven Jurkovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
West Region ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Entrance Surface Air Kerma

Majority of health institutions in Croatia do not have medical physicists in diagnostic radiology. Regarding this, in the west region of Croatia collaboration between public health institution and University Hospital Rijeka was initiated in 2015. Quality Assurance program was implemented in these public health institutions during 2015 and 2016 and the next step was to assess patient doses for the most frequent X-ray examinations. This included five public health institutions: 1 university hospital, 1 general hospital, 1 special hospital, 2 public health institutions with 13 facilities. The aim of this study was to carry out assessment of patient doses and to establish local diagnostic reference levels of entrance surface air kerma for every institution for six most frequent X-ray examinations. Also, local diagnostic reference levels for the whole west region of Croatia were established and compared with the national diagnostic reference levels and latest published data. Median entrance surface air kerma values for thorax PA, thorax LAT, cervical spine AP, thoracic spine AP, lumbar spine AP, pelvis AP and sinuses are 0.14 mGy, 0.50 mGy, 0.52 mGy, 1.50 mGy, 2.52 mGy, 2.03 mGy, and 1.03 mGy, respectively. Diagnostic reference levels proposed for our region were comparable with other studies.

scholarly journals Radijaciono opterecenje pacijenata u konvencionalnoj dijagnostickoj radiologiji - analiza radioloske prakse u Srbiji

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
O.F. Ciraj-Bjelac ◽  
M.S. Kovacevic ◽  
D.D. Kosutic ◽  
S.S. Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Area Product ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Variation ◽  
Entrance Surface Air Kerma

X-rays are by far most significant contributor to total population dose from man-made sources of radiation. Diagnostic reference levels provide frameworks to reduce variability. The aim of this study is to establish, for the first time, a baseline for national diagnostic reference levels in Serbia for the most common X-ray examination types. Dose estimates are based on measurements of kerma-area product and Entrance surface air kerma for at least ten patients for each examination type, in each of 16 randomly selected hospitals in Serbia. Mean, median and third quartile values of patient doses are reported. Results have shown wide variation of mean hospital doses. Entrance surface doses were compared with previously published diagnostic reference levels. Doses for all studied examination types except chest radiography were within European DRL. The reasons for dose variation are discussed. The findings emphasize the importance of regular patient dose measurement to ensure that patient doses are kept as low as reasonable achievable.

scholarly journals 124. Estimation of Patient Dose in X-ray Examinations : Comparison with Patient Doses of Representative Locations

1994 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Shoichi Suzuki ◽  
Shigehisa Fujii ◽  
Takeo Orito ◽  
Yasuki Asada ◽  
Hiroki Shimazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Dose ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Patient Doses

ESTIMATION OF ENTRANCE SURFACE AIR KERMA IN DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Chanchal Kaushik ◽  
Inderjeet Singh Sandhu ◽  
A K Srivastava ◽  
Mansi Chitkara
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Dose Calculations ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Tube Output ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Entrance Surface Air Kerma

Abstract Purpose: Contribution of radiation doses from medical X-ray examination to collective dose is significant. Unusually, high doses may increase the risk of stochastic effects of radiations. Therefore, radiation dose assessment was performed in 241 digital X-ray examinations in the study and was compared with published dose reference levels (DRLs). Methods: Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was calculated in chest PA, cervical AP/Lat, abdomen AP, lumbar AP/Lat and pelvis AP digital radiographic examinations (119 male and 122 female) following the International Atomic Energy Agency recommended protocol. Initially, 270 digital examinations were selected, reject analysis was performed and final 241 examinations were enrolled in the study for dose calculations. The exposure parameters and X-ray tube output were used for dose calculations. Effective doses were estimated with the help of conversion coefficients from ICRP 103. Results: Median ESAK (mGy) and associated effective doses obtained were cervical spine AP (1.30 mGy, 0.045 mSv), cervical spine Lat (0.25 mGy, 0.005 mSv), chest PA (0.11 mGy, 0.014 mSv), abdomen AP (0.90 mGy, 0.118 mSv), lumbar spine AP (1.52 mGy, 0.177 mSv), lumbar spine Lat (7.76 mGy, 0.209 mSv) and pelvis AP (0.82 mGy, 0.081 mSv). Results were compared with the studies of UK, Oman, India and Canada. Conclusion: The calculated ESAK and effective dose values were less than or close to previously published literature except for cervical spine AP and lumbar spine Lat. The results reinforce the need for radiation protection optimization, improving examination techniques and appropriate use of automatic exposure control in digital radiography. ESAK values reported in this study could further contribute to establishing local DRLs, regional DRLs and national DRLs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document