The Law of the European Economic Community. Enterprises, Economic Competition and the Economic Function of the State in the Process of Economic Integration. By F. Mádl. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiado, 1978. Pp. 330. $20.

1981 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-195
Author(s):  
Sigmund Timberg
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Law ◽  
Community Enterprises ◽  
Economic Function

Participation of the European Economic Community in a New Law of the Sea Convention

1979 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert W. Koers
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Sixth Session ◽  
The Law

Although it is not yet clear whether the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) will succeed in its task of adopting a “convention dealing with all matters relating to the law of the sea,” the drafters of the Informal Composite Negotiating Text (ICNT) produced at the conference’s sixth session decided to incorporate proposals on the final clauses of a future convention in the ICNT. Indeed, even if the conference were to reach consensus overnight on all outstanding substantive issues, problems relating to these final clauses could easily delay—or even jeopardize—the adoption of a new convention: they involve, after all, very complex political and legal questions. It is therefore only right that the conference agreed not to leave these problems to the very end of the negotiating process.

scholarly journals Le concept d'union économique dans la Constitution canadienne : de l'intégration commerciale à l'intégration des facteurs de production

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 177-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Common Policies ◽  
Free Movement Of Persons

The object of this paper is to assess the constitutional position as to economic integration within Canada. Following a short review of'the basic elements of economic integration, it proceeds to analyse the law and practice relating to the free circulation of goods, and the free movement of persons, services and capital in Canada. Since such questions are usually associated with the concept of common market, a brief comparison is made on these various points with the practice of the European Economic Community. As far as concerns the free circulation of goods, the study starts with the usual distinction between tariff and non-tariff barriers. If customs duties have long since disappeared between the provinces, the author finds that charges having an effect equivalent to customs duties are not totally precluded under Canadian constitutional law, and as a matter of fact are occasionally encountered in practice. The paper also shows that if non-tariff barriers to interprovincial trade are theoretically precluded under s. 91(2) of the B.N.A. Act, certain types of obstacles not only appear constitutionally acceptable, but also are largely used by governments in practice, such as preferential purchasing policies, subsidies, public enterprises, etc. In the end, when our constitutional rules pertaining to the free circulation of goods are compared with those in application within the European Economic Community, they appear less stringent, leaving greater room for intervention to the provinces. The situation, as far as concerns the free movement of persons, services and capital is quite different. As the study finds, there are no clearly articulated principles relating to these questions in the Canadian constitution. However, due to the existence of a common nationality and a common currency, the most serious difficulties in this respect have been avoided. From that point of view, Canada has benefited from a clear advantage over the European Economic Community. Yet, regarding the free movement of persons and services, the paper shows that whereas no progress appears to have been made on that score within the last decade in Canada, the E.E.C. is pushing forward with plans calling for the common recognition of diplomas, etc. And regarding the free movement of capital, it appears that if the E.E.C has not progressed much since the first years of the Treaty of Rome, Canada for its part appears at the moment to be heading for a period of greater restriction on the movement of capital within the country. In conclusion, the question is raised whether the material division of jurisdiction between the federal and provincial governments, as opposed to a functional division of jurisdiction as is to be found in the E.E.C, is not responsible for the centripetal kind of federalism that appears more and more in demand in Canada as far as concerns economic matters. Acting unilaterally on the basis of its exclusive powers, the federal government has adopted so-called common policies that appear to have met with a large measure of disapproval from the various provinces. But this is a different problem that requires a separate treatment.

scholarly journals Economic and political initiatives of European integration for the period 1945-1992

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
W. Viviers ◽  
T F.J. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Political Success

The integration of the European Communities (EC, today EU) has been described as one of the most successful examples of economic integration worldwide. This study examines the reason for this success from two perspectives. Firstly, the economic success of EC integration for the period 1945 to 1992 is investigated. It is concluded that, notwithstanding difficulties experienced, the economic integration process represents the EC's greatest achievement. An example of this is the completion of the EC internal market through the European Economic Community (EEC) customs union and the EC-92 programme. Secondly, the investigation focuses on the political success of EC integration. The evaluation shows that political powerplay endangered and inhibited the process of economic integration in the EC.

Den Europeiska Kol- Och Stålgemenskapens Politiska Institutioner

1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
Eric Essén
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Law

AbstractEtt intressant drag i folkrättens utveckling efter andra världskriget har varit den väldiga ökningen av antalet mellanfolkliga organ. Me-dan mellankrigstidens folkrättsarbeten bara redovisade en handfull internationella organisationer, kan dagens specialister pÅ den nya folkrättsdisciplin, som sysslar med »the law of international institutions«, räkna upp över hundratalet dylika organ, varav över ett dussin i Europa. Bland de europeiska organisationerna brukar man skilja mellan tvÅ huvudkategorier, nämligen Å ena sidan samarbetsorgan sãsom OEEC och dess efterträdare OECD, EuroparÅdet och Västeuropeiska Unionen, samt Å andra sidan integrationsorgan vartill räknas den Europeiska kol- och stÅlgemenskapen (Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'Acier - CECA), Europeiska atomenergigemenskapen (Euratom) och den Europeiska ekonomiska gemenskapen (i Skandinavien i allmänhet Återgiven med förkortningen EEC efter den engelska termen European Economic Community).

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