Evidence of a Fluted Point Tradition in Ecuador

AbstractThe discovery of fluted points at one site in the Andean Highlands near Quito, Ecuador, suggests that the fluted-point tradition extended into South America. The association of scrapers, knives, and gravers with the fluted points indicates a hunting assemblage which may be related to paleo-Indian horizons of western United States.

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Pyrrhalta luteola (elm leaf beetle).

10.1079/cpc.44619.20210100291 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

South America ◽

North Africa ◽

Leaf Beetle ◽

Western United States ◽

Southern Europe ◽

Ulmus Americana ◽

Urban Tree ◽

Elm Leaf Beetle ◽

The Usa

Abstract The elm leaf beetle P. luteola is a serious pest of ornamental elms in most areas where they are grown. This insect is native to southern Europe and was introduced to the USA in the 1800s, but has also reached Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and South America and was recently detected in Australia. It feeds on all species of native and introduced elms, including American (Ulmus americana), English (U. procera), Chinese (U. parvifolia) and Siberian elm (U. pumila). Wu et al. (1991) identified elm leaf beetle as the second most important urban tree pest in the western United States and third most important nationally.

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Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3400998 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (01) ◽

pp. 042-052 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathryn E. Kimes ◽

Sabirah N. Kasule ◽

Janis E. Blair

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

South America ◽

Cellular Immunity ◽

Western United States ◽

Fungal Ecology ◽

Dimorphic Fungus ◽

Immune Defenses ◽

Disseminated Disease

AbstractCoccidioidomycosis is an infection caused by the geographically restricted dimorphic fungus, Coccidioides. Coccidioidomycosis occurs endemically in the southwestern and western United States, mainly in focused regions of Arizona and California where the incidence is highest, and in Central and South America. Patients with impaired immunity, especially those with impaired cellular immunity, are at higher risk of severe and disseminated disease. In this review, we describe the fungal ecology and mycology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and normal immune defenses to Coccidioides as well as address current concepts in diagnosis, treatment, and continued care of patients with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. We also present and answer our most frequently asked questions regarding patients with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis.

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A phylogenetic reconstruction of Antennaria (Asteraceae: Inuleae)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b90-177 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 1389-1397 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Randall J. Bayer

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

South America ◽

Key Words ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Cladistic Analysis ◽

Western United States ◽

Large Numbers

A cladistic analysis of 32 sexually reproducing species of Antennaria Gaertn. revealed that the genus comprises five constitutive monophyletic groups: Geyeriae, Argenteae, Dimorphae, Pulcherrimae, and Catipes. Three of the groups, Argenteae, Dimorphae, and Geyeriae, have retained relatively large numbers of plesiomorphic characters. The members of these three groups are mostly nonstoloniferous and have not evolved characters often associated with sexual dimorphism that occur in the remainder of Antennaria. Consequently these three groups closely resemble the suprageneric outgroup, Anaphalis and Gnaphalium. The Pulcherrimae and Catipes represent the most specialized groups. These two groups have wider distributions and occur in a much greater diversity of habitats than the Argenteae, Dimorphae, and Geyeriae. Evolutionary advancement in the genus has been toward dioecism and coincident sexual dimorphism, probably as a method to promote outcrossing. In addition, polyploidy and two asexual means of reproduction, agamospermy and horizontal stolons, have evolved in the more specialized groups, the Pulcherrimae and Catipes. Antennaria probably arose from Mexican Gnaphalium sometime during the Oligocene or Miocene, migrated into the western United States where it has evolved and migrated into other areas of the northern hemisphere and South America. Key words: Antennaria, Asteraceae, Inuleae, cladistics phylogeny, biogeography.

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Writing Time in Metaphors

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423939.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer J. Smith

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Western United States ◽

Entire System ◽

Language And Culture ◽

Space Race ◽

Do So

Coherence of place often exists alongside irregularities in time in cycles, and chapter three turns to cycles linked by temporal markers. Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles (1950) follows a linear chronology and describes the exploration, conquest, and repopulation of Mars by humans. Conversely, Louise Erdrich’s Love Medicine (1984) jumps back and forth across time to narrate the lives of interconnected families in the western United States. Bradbury’s cycle invokes a confluence of historical forces—time as value-laden, work as a calling, and travel as necessitating standardized time—and contextualizes them in relation to anxieties about the space race. Erdrich’s cycle invokes broader, oppositional conceptions of time—as recursive and arbitrary and as causal and meaningful—to depict time as implicated in an entire system of measurement that made possible the destruction and exploitation of the Chippewa people. Both volumes understand the United States to be preoccupied with imperialist impulses. Even as they critique such projects, they also point to the tenacity with which individuals encounter these systems, and they do so by creating “interstitial temporalities,” which allow them to navigate time at the crossroads of language and culture.

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