Life History Parameters of the Gregarious Phase of the South American locust, Schistocerca cancellata (Serville) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), under Laboratory Conditions

1997 ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma E. Sanchez ◽  
Elisabeth Wittenstein ◽  
Maria L. de Wysiecki ◽  
Carlos E. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

The South American species of Desmarestia (Phaeophyceae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2430-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eliana Ramírez ◽  
Akira F. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
South American Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Young Sporophytes

The South American species of Desmarestia are revised using morphological features of field sporophytes and reproductive and ontogenetic characters obtained from laboratory culture of gametophytes and young sporophytes. Ten entities including a new species are recognized: D. chordalis, D. confervoides comb.nov., D. distans, D. firma, D. gayana, D. ligulata, D. muelleri sp.nov., D. patagonica, D. peruviana, and D. tropica. Although the taxa were distinguished in part using features of the life history in culture, most field thalli can be identified using morphological characters. A key to the South American species of Desmarestia is provided. Key words: culture study, Desmarestia, Desmarestia confervoides comb.nov., Desmarestia muelleri sp.nov., Phaeophyceae, South America, taxonomy.

Revision of the genus Charletonia Oudemans (Acrina : Erythraeidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Southcott
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
South American ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
South Australian Museum ◽  
The South ◽  
Australian Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insect Collection

A comprehensive revision of the genus Charletonia Oudemans, 1910 (Acarina: Erythraeidae) is made from (1) representative specimens of the Oudemans collection, Leiden Museum, of European, Asian, African, and Australasian species; (2) the South Australian Museum collection containing Australian material, as well as European material collected by Womersley; (3) the author's collection containing Australasian, Asian, and European material; and (4) the collection of larval erythraeid mites ectoparasitic upon Australian grasshoppers (and, to a small extent, phasmatids) of the Australian National Insect Collection, Division of Entomology, CSIRO. The genus is left with 32 species, comprising 5 European (1 new), 7 African (1 new), 5 Asian (1 new), and 16 Australasian (10 new). One species, C. volzi (Oudemans), is recorded from both Asia and Australasia. No North or South American material was seen. It has been possible to key all of these species, the only exception being that of C. ojirnai (Kishida) from Japan. Some reference is made to the life history of C. kvendowskyi (Feider) from Europe, and the egg stage described from preserved material. The fragmentary holotype larva of Callidosoma dasypodiae (Womersley) is redescribed, and brief reference is made to the rediscovery of this species, which has allowed its correct generic placing, previously impossible from loss of diagnostic parts of the original material.

scholarly journals Preference for microhabitat by Monogenea on the gills of the south american catfish Rhamdia quelen at different stocking densities under laboratory conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Debortoli ◽  
A. C. F. Lacerda ◽  
T. R. Lisboa ◽  
M. L. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Microhabitat Preference ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

SummaryThis study aimed to verify preferences for microhabitat by the monogeneans on the gills of the south american catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), at different stocking densities under controlled laboratory conditions. Three stocking densities were used: 14, 28 and 42 fish per tank (50 L) and the fish were sampled initially, at day 5 and 10 of the experiment. Aphanoblastella mastigatus (Suriano, 1986) was noted as the most abundant species at all stocking densities, except for the initial collection day. The gill arches I and II were the most parasitized, showing the highest mean abundance in the dorsal region, at the highest density. The pattern of microhabitat preference of A. mastigatus for outer regions of the gills of the host was independent of the stocking density and collection day. Higher prevalence and abundance of Scleroductus sp. at the initial collection reflected the parasitic infection of the fish at the farm from where the fish were taken. The abundance of Scleroductus sp. decreased along the experiment, and no preference for gill arches was recorded for the species, probably due to the low abundance of this parasite on the gills.

scholarly journals Density-Dependent Phenotypic Plasticity in the South American Locust, Schistocerca cancellata (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina E Pocco ◽  
M Marta Cigliano ◽  
Bert Foquet ◽  
Carlos E Lange ◽  
Eliana L Nieves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Strong Resemblance ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Phase Polyphenism

Abstract Historically, the South American locust, Schistocerca cancellata (Serville, 1838), has been considered the most serious agricultural pest in Argentina. An outbreak of a magnitude not recorded since 1954 started in 2015 through 2017 in northern Argentina and neighboring Paraguay and Bolivia. Schistocerca cancellata is widely considered as a true locust, with pronounced locust phase polyphenism, although the expression of its phenotypic plasticity has never been quantitatively tested under different density conditions. In this study, we explicitly quantified density-dependent reaction norms in behavior, coloration, and morphology in last instar nymphs of S. cancellata under isolated and crowded conditions. We also quantified density-dependent plasticity in adults (size) and in some life history traits. Our results showed that crowded nymphs were significantly more active and more attracted to congeners than isolated nymphs, and developed a much higher percentage of black pattern color. We also found that density had strong effects on body size and there was a sex-dependent pattern in both nymphs and adults, revealing that differences in size between males and females were less pronounced in crowded locusts. We have recorded for the isolated nymphs the presence of about 50% more hairs in the hind femora than in crowded nymphs. Finally, the mean duration of each nymphal instar and adult stage was significantly longer in isolated individuals. We have found strong resemblance with the desert locust, S. gregaria (Forskål, 1775) in several traits, and we conclude that S. cancellata exhibits an extreme form of density-dependent phenotypic plasticity in behavior, coloration, morphology, and life history traits.

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