School and Scribal Tradition in Ugarit

2016 ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILFRED H. VAN SOLDT
Keyword(s):  
Scribal Tradition

The Postdeterminativeki in the Hittite Cuneiform Corpus

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Adam Kryszeń
Keyword(s):  
Place Names ◽  
Scribal Tradition

AbstractAmong almost 20,000 attestations of place names in Hittite cuneiform texts, only ca. 120 feature the geographic postdeterminative ki (“place”). This present paper explores possible reasons for such a modest number, analysing the data according to various criteria, including the geographical dispersal of toponyms determined by ki, the dating of the texts, their language and their cultural provenance. It is argued that the use of ki in the Hittite corpus is not random and should be viewed in the context of early Hittite scribal tradition. A catalogue of all attestations of the postdeterminative ki is included.

Sources of auxiliation in the perfects of Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Drinka
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism ◽  
Scribal Tradition

This paper explores the complex role of language contact in the development of be and have auxiliation in the periphrastic perfects of Europe. Beginning with the influence of Ancient Greek on Latin, it traces the spread of the category across western Europe and identifies the Carolingian scribal tradition as largely responsible for extending the use of the be perfect alongside the have perfect across Charlemagne’s realm. Outside that territory, by contrast, in “peripheral” areas like Iberia, Southern Italy, and England, have came to be used as the only perfect auxiliary. Within the innovating core area, a further innovation began in Paris in the 12th century and spread to contiguous areas in France, Southern Germany, and northern Italy: the semantic shift in the perfects from anterior to preterital meaning. What can be concluded from these three successive instances of diffusion in the history of the perfect is that contact should be regarded as one of the essential “multiple sources” of innovation, and as a fundamental explanatory mechanism for language change.

Advanced Education

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
William M. Schniedewind
Keyword(s):  
School Curriculum ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Advanced Education ◽  
Gettysburg Address ◽  
Flexible Part ◽  
Second Millennium Bce ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Scribal Tradition

Advanced education was the most flexible part of the scribal curriculum. It could be tailored to the particular specialty of the scribe: the palace, the temple, commerce, military, etc. The advanced curriculum was often taken from other spheres, such as temple hymns or rituals, and used for scribal study (much like the Gettysburg Address or the “Star-Spangled Banner” might be reused as part of a school curriculum). There is evidence of cuneiform literature including Gilgamesh, Adapa, and law codes like Hammurabi that have been excavated in the southern Levant dating to the second millennium BCE. This provides a tangible vector of transmission for these traditions into the early alphabetic scribal tradition.

scholarly journals Reduplication of Consonant Graphemes in the Ormlum in The Light of Late Old English Scribal Evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Mokrowiecki
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Short Vowels ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Scribal Tradition

AbstractAs opposed to previous studies, which usually attempt to refute the traditional interpretation put on the use of double consonants in The Ormulum, and attempt to advance an alternative explanation for the abnormally frequent use of <CC> digraphs, the current study primarily focuses on the standard view, which assumes that the scribe of MS Junius 1 applied double consonant graphemes to indicate vowel shortness. However, in this study the evidence comes not from The Ormulum but from two Late Old English MSS, as the use of double consonants to indicate vowel shortness is also occasionally attested in some earlier texts (Anderson - Britton 1997: 34, 51, 1999: 305, 317-323; Smith 2007: 107; and Laing 2008: 7-8). The major aim of this study is to show that the use of reduplicated consonant graphemes as indicators of vowel shortness is not confined exclusively to The Ormulum because this practice derives directly from Old English scribal tradition, where <CC> sequences were used not only to represent geminate (or long) consonants, but sporadically also for marking short vowels.

Replicating Writing: Moulding and Stamping Hieroglyphs on Classic Maya Ceramics

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallory E. Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Classic Maya ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
Mechanical Reproduction ◽  
The Social ◽  
User Communities ◽  
Scribal Tradition ◽  
Made In

A fundamental distinction is made in craft production between custom or bespoke creation and mechanical reproduction that generates multiple iterations of the same form. In Mesoamerica, technologies of reproduction are attested by around the sixth century bc in the form of moulding and stamping, and they become increasingly common in ceramic production in the Maya and neighbouring regions in the third or fourth century. Beginning in the Late Classic period (c. 600–830 ad), Maya artisans applied them to the hieroglyphic script as well, generating a corpus of texts that are at once fundamentally distinct from and intimately linked to the broader scribal tradition dominated by hand-written texts. This article examines Classic Maya texts moulded and stamped on ceramics in the context of scribal practice and the social and cultural role of the script. I argue that these artefacts manifest changes not only in hieroglyphic production, but also in writing's role in user communities. Consequentially, they invite reconsideration of scribal practice's relationship to other crafting traditions, as well as the diversity of modes of engaging in Classic Maya scribal tradition.

Manuscript in the House of Print

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Thomas Keymer
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Manuscript Culture ◽  
Manuscript Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Scribal Publication ◽  
Scribal Tradition

In his classic account of seventeenth-century scribal publication, Harold Love points briefly to three authors—Swift, Richardson, Sterne—whose careers indicate the ongoing vitality of manuscript culture in later generations. Taking a cue from Love, this chapter explores Richardson’s self-consciousness as a novelist about manuscript production and transmission, his real-world cultivation of epistolary sociability, and the ways in which his published output was shaped by practices arising from scribal tradition. For all his centrality in the history of print, Richardson was also at the centre of a thriving culture of manuscript exchange that bypassed or transcended print and also informed its products at every stage from creation to reception. There emerges a story of enduring interaction between coexisting media systems, not simple supersession of one by another, with creative consequences as much for the novel as for the lyric, epistolary, and other forms most often associated with manuscript exchange.

scholarly journals The translation of biblion and biblos in the light of oral and scribal practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobus A. Naudé ◽  
Cynthia L. Miller-Naudé
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Media History ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Performance Criticism ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Scribal Tradition

The Bible was composed both by way of oral tradition and by scribal activity. Various descriptions exist of the development and relationship of the dominant forms of orality and scribal tradition throughout the history of media culture. Utilising the insights of, and debate on, the field of Biblical Performance Criticism, this article argues for an articulated description of the interrelationship of oral and written. The article argues that these two aspects cannot be absolutely separated, either chronologically or in terms of importance, neither can they be ignored as part of a coherent model to depict the media history of the Bible. In the light of this model the article discusses the interpretation and translation of the words βιβλίον and βίβλος, which are sometimes misunderstood and mistranslated, because of a failure to understand the process of committing the oral biblical tradition to a preferred writing medium.

A Hittite Scribal Tradition Predating the Tablet Collections of Ḫattuša?

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-203
Author(s):  
Alwin Kloekhorst ◽  
Willemijn Waal
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Scribal Tradition

Abstract This article discusses the origins of a group of four Hittite OS tablets, which share some unique and peculiar features with respect to their shape, spelling conventions and palaeography. It argues that these four tablets are the oldest documents of the Hittite corpus, and that they were not created in Ḫattuša, but have been imported from elsewhere. Originally, they belonged to an older writing tradition, predating the establishment of Ḫattuša as the Hittite capital. This implies that the royal tablet collections in Ḫattuša do not reflect the very first beginnings of Hittite cuneiform, but only the start of a royal administration there. The typical Hittite ductus was already created in the 18th century BCE – in Kuššara, Nēša or elsewhere in Anatolia.

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