RhoA/Rho-Kinase Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Renal Disease

Diabetic renal disease is the commonest cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the Western world and is rapidly becoming the leading cause in developing countries. The following chapters provide valuable insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and pathology of diabetic renal disease with a focus on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, natural history, and progression of the disease. Many patients with diabetic renal disease suffer from microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular, and peripheral vascular disease. The authors discuss the available treatment approaches including lifestyle, diet, and exercise. In addition, they cover the importance of maintaining healthy blood pressure and glycaemic control to improve outcomes and the pharmacological treatments available. The authors describe the range of hypoglycaemic agents now available as well as insulin treatment. Ultimately, many patients will require management of complications of diabetes. Often they develop progressive renal impairment that requires renal replacement therapy with dialysis and transplantation, which are also discussed.

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Diabetic renal disease

Shared Care for Diabetes ◽

10.3109/9780203025024-19 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 136-147

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Diabetic Renal Disease

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Diabetic renal disease

Oxford Handbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes ◽

10.1093/med/9780198567394.003.0114 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 756-764

Keyword(s):

Renal Disease ◽

Diabetic Renal Disease

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Hydrogen Sulfide: Recent Progression and Perspectives for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24152857 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (15) ◽

pp. 2857 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sun ◽

Wu ◽

Cao ◽

Zhu ◽

Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Physiology ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Diabetic Kidney ◽

Diabetic Renal Disease

Diabetic kidney disease develops in approximately 40% of diabetic patients and is a major cause of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is synthesized in nearly all organs, including the kidney. Though studies on H2S regulation of renal physiology and pathophysiology are still in its infancy, emerging evidence shows that H2S production by renal cells is reduced under disease states and H2S donors ameliorate kidney injury. Specifically, aberrant H2S level is implicated in various renal pathological conditions including diabetic nephropathy. This review presents the roles of H2S in diabetic renal disease and the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of H2S against diabetic renal damage. H2S may serve as fundamental strategies to treat diabetic kidney disease. These H2S treatment modalities include precursors for H2S synthesis, H2S donors, and natural plant-derived compounds. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggests the potential role of the H2S signaling pathway in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, these results need further clinical translation. Expanding understanding of H2S in the kidney may be vital to translate H2S to be a novel therapy for diabetic renal disease.

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