Sensory Neurons With Activated Caspase-3 Survive Long-Term Experimental Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2363-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cheng ◽  
D. W. Zochodne
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Experimental Diabetes

Long-term sensitization in Aplysia: biophysical correlates in tail sensory neurons

Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 235 (4789) ◽  
pp. 685-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Scholz ◽  
J. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons

Possible mechanisms underlying calcium signal changes in murine sensory neurons at experimental diabetes

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 254-256
Author(s):  
E. Kostyuk ◽  
N. Svichar ◽  
V. Shishkin ◽  
A. Shmigol
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
Signal Changes

scholarly journals Induction of long-term facilitation in Aplysia sensory neurons by local application of serotonin to remote synapses

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (23) ◽  
pp. 11411-11415 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Clark ◽  
E R Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Synaptic Terminals ◽  
Dissociated Cell Culture ◽  
Synaptic Changes ◽  
Long Term Facilitation

Long-term synaptic facilitation at the connections of Aplysia sensory neurons onto their target cells involves alterations in gene expression. How then are the relevant cellular signals for the induction and expression of long-term synaptic changes conveyed between the nucleus and remote synaptic terminals? We have explored this question using a set of remote, peripheral terminals of siphon sensory cells, which are approximately 3 cm from the sensory cell body in the abdominal ganglion. We found that these remote synapses, like the proximal synapses previously studied in dissociated cell culture, can exhibit long-term facilitation 24 hr after cell-wide serotonin application. Furthermore, serotonin applications restricted to the remote synaptic terminals nevertheless produced long-term facilitation, indicating that signals generated in synaptic regions can trigger the long-term process, perhaps via retrograde signals to the nucleus to modify gene expression, followed by anterograde signals back to the terminal. Serotonin applications restricted to the cell body and proximal synapses of the sensory neuron also produced long-term facilitation at remote synapses, although to a lesser extent, suggesting that long-term facilitation is expressed cell-wide, but that superimposed on this cell-wide facilitation there appears to be a component that is synapse-specific.

Long-term cell culture of electrically active sensory neurons free of glial cells

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Rieske ◽  
Georg W. Kreutzberg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Glial Cells

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effect of Commercially Available Methylprednisolone Acetate with and without Reduced Preservatives on Dorsal Root Ganglion Sensory Neurons in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 5;17 (5;9) ◽  
pp. E609-E618
Author(s):  
Nebojsa N. Knezevic
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Tunel Assay ◽  
Methylprednisolone Acetate ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Isolated Rat

Background: Epidural and intrathecal injections of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) have become the most commonly performed interventional procedures in the United States and worldwide in the last 2 decades. However neuraxial MPA injection has been dogged by controversy regarding the presence of different additives used in commercially prepared glucocorticoids. We previously showed that MPA could be rendered 85% free of polyethylene glycol (PEG) by a simple physical separation of elements in the suspension. Objective: The objective of the present study was to explore a possible cytotoxic effect of commercially available MPA (with intact or reduced preservatives) on rat sensory neurons. Methods: We exposed primary dissociated rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons to commercially available MPA for 24 hours with either the standard (commercial) concentration of preservatives or to different fractions following separation (MPA suspension whose preservative concentration had been reduced, or fractions containing higher concentrations of preservatives). Cells were stained with the TUNEL assay kit to detect apoptotic cells and images were taken on the Bio-Rad Laser Sharp-2000 system. We also detected expression of caspase-3, as an indicator of apoptosis in cell lysates. Results: We exposed sensory neurons from rat DRG to different concentrations of MPA from the original commercially prepared vial. TUNEL assay showed dose-related responses and increased percentages of apoptotic cells with increasing concentrations of MPA. Increased concentrations of MPA caused 1.5 – 2 times higher caspase-3 expression in DRG sensory neurons than in control cells (ANOVA, P = 0.001). Our results showed that MPA with reduced preservatives caused significantly less apoptosis observed with TUNEL assay labeling (P < 0.001) and caspase-3 immunoblotting (P ≤ 0.001) than in neurons exposed to MPA from a commercially prepared vial or “clear phase” that contained higher concentrations of preservatives. Even though MPA with reduced preservatives caused 12.5% more apoptosis in DRG sensory neurons than in control cells, post hoc analysis showed no differences between these 2 groups. Limitations: Our data was collected from in vitro isolated rat DRG neurons. There is a possibility that in vivo neurons have different extents of vulnerability compared to isolated neurons. Conclusions: Results of the present study identified a cytotoxic effect of commercially available MPA with preservatives or with a “clear phase” containing higher concentrations of preservatives on primary isolated rat DRG sensory neurons. This was shown by TUNEL positive assay and by increased caspase-3 expression as one of the final executing steps in apoptotic pathways in DRG neurons. However, our results showed no statistically significant difference between the control cells (salinetreated) and cells treated with MPA with reduced concentrations of preservatives, pointing out that either PEG or myristylgamma-picolinium chloride (MGPC) or their combination have harmful effects on these cells. Reduction of concentrations of preservatives from commercially available MPA suspensions by using the simple method of inverting vials for 2 hours could be considered useful in clinical practice to enhance the safety of this depot steroid when injected neuraxially. Key words: Methylprednisolone acetate, preservatives, dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons, cytotoxic effect, polyethylene glycol, myristylgamma-picolinium chloride

scholarly journals Phrenic Nerve Morphometry in Short Term and Long Term Experimental Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina Licursi Alcântara ◽  
Natália Massumi Tanaka ◽  
Omar Andrade Rodrigues Filho ◽  
Valéria Paula Sassoli Fazan
Keyword(s):  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nerve Morphometry

scholarly journals Silica nanoparticles induce unfolded protein reaction mediated apoptosis in spermatocyte cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-460
Author(s):  
Lihua Ren ◽  
Jianhui Liu ◽  
Jialiu Wei ◽  
Yefan Du ◽  
Kaiyue Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Effect ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
Protein Reaction

Abstract With increasing air pollution, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), as a main inorganic member of PM2.5, have gained increasing attention to its reproductive toxicity. Most existing studies focused on the acute exposure, while data regarding the chronic effect of SiNPs on reproduction is limited. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the chronic toxicity of SiNPs on spermatocyte cells. The cells were continuously exposed to SiNPs for 1, 10, 20 and 30 generations at dose of 5 μg/ml SiNPs for 24 h per generation after attachment. The results showed that with the increasing generations of the exposure, SiNPs decreased the viability of spermatocyte cells, induced apoptosis and increased the level of reactive oxygen species in spermatocyte cells. Moreover, SiNPs increased the protein expression of GRP-78, p-PERK, IRE1α, ATF6 and Cleaved caspase-3 in spermatocyte cells, suggesting that SiNPs improved unfolded protein response (UPR) and apoptosis. The present results indicated that the long-term and low-dose exposure to SiNPs could induce apoptosis by triggering ROS-mediated UPR in spermatocyte cells.

Cyclic GMP pathway is critical for inducing long–term sensitization of nociceptive sensory neurons

10.1038/4520 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Lewin ◽  
Edgar T. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Cyclic Gmp
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