scholarly journals Pharmacodynamic Considerations for Moderate and Deep Sedation

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Superior Efficacy

Moderate and deep sedation can be provided using various classes of drugs, each having unique mechanisms of action. While drugs within a given classification share similar mechanisms and effects, certain classes demonstrate superior efficacy but added concern regarding safety. This continuing education article will highlight essential principles of pharmacodynamics and apply these to drugs commonly used to produce moderate and deep sedation.

scholarly journals Recognition and Management of Complications During Moderate and Deep Sedation Part 1: Respiratory Considerations

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Becker ◽  
Daniel A. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Intraoperative Monitoring ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Management Of Complications

Abstract The risk for complications while providing any level of sedation or general anesthesia is greatest when caring for patients having significant medical compromise. It is reassuring that significant untoward events can generally be prevented by careful preoperative assessment, along with attentive intraoperative monitoring and support. Nevertheless, we must be prepared to manage untoward events should they arise. This continuing education article will review respiratory considerations and will be followed by a subsequent article addressing cardiovascular considerations.

Combination Products Today: An Update on a New Fixed Combination

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bossowska
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Combination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Superior Efficacy ◽  
European Regulatory ◽  
Phase Iii Trials

Combigan® is a fixed combination made up of brimonidine tartrate (0.2%) and timolol (0.5%, as maleate), two commonly used intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering agents with complementary mechanisms of action. This paper describes Combigan safety and efficacy studies undertaken for US and European regulatory approval. The studies show that Combigan produces no unexpected adverse effects and that the fixed combination has non-inferiority to the unfixed combination of the same two agents. Phase III trials in the United States and Europe have demonstrated that Combigan lowers IOP more effectively than either of the two agents alone. Allergic conjunctivitis seems to occur less frequently (half the incidence) with Combigan than with brimonidine (Alphagan®) alone. Overall, Combigan shows similar efficacy and safety to concomitant brimonidine and timolol, and superior efficacy to either agent alone, with a favorable benefit-to-risk ratio.

scholarly journals Recognition and Management of Complications During Moderate and Deep Sedation. Part 2: Cardiovascular Considerations

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E Becker ◽  
Daniel A Haas
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Intraoperative Monitoring ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Management Of Complications

Abstract The risk for cardiovascular complications while providing any level of sedation or general anesthesia is greatest when caring for patients already medically compromised. It is reassuring that significant untoward events can generally be prevented by careful preoperative assessment, along with attentive intraoperative monitoring and support. Nevertheless, providers must be prepared to manage untoward events should they arise. This continuing education article will review cardiovascular complications and address their appropriate management.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Considerations for Moderate and Deep Sedation

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Routes Of Drug Administration ◽  
Sedative Agents

Abstract Moderate and deep sedation can be provided using several routes of drug administration including oral (PO), inhalation, and parental injection. The safety and efficacy of these various techniques is largely dependent on pharmacokinetic principles. This continuing education article will highlight essential principles of absorption, distribution, and elimination of commonly used sedative agents.

scholarly journals Specialization course in Neuroscience applied to education: a report of actions developed in a Physical Exercise and Nervous System Class

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e246101119117
Author(s):  
Caroline Brandão Quines ◽  
Gustavo Dias Ferreira ◽  
Mauren Assis Souza
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Education Courses

Continuing education courses are important initiatives to facilitate the teacher comprehension about neuroscience. This paper is a report of actions developed in a Physical Exercise and Nervous System class that presented and discussed the physiological responses of physical activity (PA) practice on the Central Nervous System (CNS). The component was offered in two modules. Module I: PA and physiological adaptations; Module II: mechanisms of action of PA on CNS. The students demonstrated excellent engagement in the proposed activities and highlighted the importance of debating about neuroscience applied to Education. We considered a main positive outcome the interest of the students in applying the new knowledge in the schools where they work.

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