Defining gaze tracking metrics by observing a growing divide between 2D and 3D tracking

This work examines the different terminology used for defining gaze tracking technology and explores the different methodologies used for describing their respective accuracy. Through a comparative study of different gaze tracking technologies, such as infrared and webcam-based, and utilising a variety of accuracy metrics, this work shows how the reported accuracy can be misleading. The lack of intersection points between the gaze vectors of different eyes (also known as convergence points) in definitions has a huge impact on accuracy measures and directly impacts the robustness of any accuracy measuring methodology. Different accuracy metrics and tracking definitions have been collected and tabulated to more formally demonstrate the divide in definitions.

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A comparative study of critical slip surface in 2D and 3D stability analysis of slopes

Rock Stress ◽

10.1201/9781003078890-72 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 469-475

Author(s):

M. Xie ◽

T. Esaki ◽

G. Zhou

Keyword(s):

Stability Analysis ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Slip Surface ◽

Critical Slip Surface ◽

2D And 3D

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Comparative Study of 1D, 2D and 3D Ground Response Analysis of Pond Ash from Odisha Under Different Earthquake Motions

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering - Geohazards ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-6233-4_37 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 523-538

Author(s):

M. V. Ravi Kishore Reddy ◽

Supriya Mohanty ◽

Rehana Shaik

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Ground Response ◽

Ground Response Analysis ◽

Pond Ash ◽

2D And 3D

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Eye-Gaze and Facial Expressions as Feedback Signals in Educational Interactions

Technologies for Inclusive Education - Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2530-3.ch003 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 38-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristiina Jokinen ◽

Päivi Majaranta

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Eye Gaze ◽

Interactive Systems ◽

Educational Systems ◽

Future Prospects ◽

Gaze Tracking ◽

Educational Applications ◽

Shared Context ◽

Tracking Technology

In this chapter, the authors explore possibilities to use novel face and gaze tracking technology in educational applications, especially in interactive teaching agents for second language learning. They focus on non-verbal feedback that provides information about how well the speaker has understood the presented information, and how well the interaction is progressing. Such feedback is important in interactive applications in general, and in educational systems, it is effectively used to construct a shared context in which learning can take place: the teacher can use feedback signals to tailor the presentation appropriate for the student. This chapter surveys previous work, relevant technology, and future prospects for such multimodal interactive systems. It also sketches future educational systems which encourage the students to learn foreign languages in a natural and inclusive manner, via participating in interaction using natural communication strategies.

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Contact Stresses between Two Cylindrical Bodies – Cylinder and Cylindrical Cavity with Parallel Axes – Part II: 2D and 3D FEA Comparative Study

Procedia Technology ◽

10.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.026 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 177-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ligia Cristina Brezeanu

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cylindrical Cavity ◽

Contact Stresses ◽

3D Fea ◽

2D And 3D

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Using 2D and 3D Computer Games to Detect Colorblindness – a Comparative Study

Studies in Logic Grammar and Rhetoric ◽

10.1515/slgr-2015-0047 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 147-159

Author(s):

Maciej Laskowski

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Color Vision ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Computer Games ◽

Serious Games ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Medical Applications ◽

Vision Disorders ◽

3D Environments ◽

2D And 3D

Abstract Computer games have accompanied the development of computer technologies since the very beginning. Despite their basic, purely entertainment-targeted appliance, games can also be used for many other purposes. Medical applications are especially interesting, as games (especially different kinds of simulations) are widely used for training personnel, e.g. to perform certain procedures or in learning to use equipment. This allows the trainees to gain knowledge and proper habits, as well as test themselves in different situations without any risk. Computer games can also be used as a diagnostic tool, although this topic is still insufficiently researched. This paper discusses the possibility of using serious games for diagnosing color vision disorders, focusing especially on two problems: differences in diagnosing colorblindness using 2D and 3D environments, and the influence of individual features, such as reflex or agility, on the diagnostic process.

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