Eye-Gaze and Facial Expressions as Feedback Signals in Educational Interactions

2013 ◽  
pp. 38-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Jokinen ◽  
Päivi Majaranta
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Educational Applications ◽  
Shared Context ◽  
Tracking Technology

In this chapter, the authors explore possibilities to use novel face and gaze tracking technology in educational applications, especially in interactive teaching agents for second language learning. They focus on non-verbal feedback that provides information about how well the speaker has understood the presented information, and how well the interaction is progressing. Such feedback is important in interactive applications in general, and in educational systems, it is effectively used to construct a shared context in which learning can take place: the teacher can use feedback signals to tailor the presentation appropriate for the student. This chapter surveys previous work, relevant technology, and future prospects for such multimodal interactive systems. It also sketches future educational systems which encourage the students to learn foreign languages in a natural and inclusive manner, via participating in interaction using natural communication strategies.

Towards the Use of Eye Gaze Tracking Technology: Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna Chinyere Onyemauche ◽  
Samuel Makuochi Nkwo ◽  
Charity Elochukwu Mbanusi ◽  
Ngozi Queeneth Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Tracking Technology ◽  
Computer Interaction

A Review on Eye Tracking Technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-130
Author(s):  
Pavneet Bhatia ◽  
Arun Khosla ◽  
Gajendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Computer Vision Technology ◽  
Tracking Technology

In past few decades, eye tracking has evolved as an emerging technology with wide areas of applications in gaming, human-computer interaction, business research, assistive technology, automatic safety research, and many more. Eye-gaze tracking is a provocative idea in computer-vision technology. This chapter includes the recent researches, expansion, and development in the technology, techniques, and its wide-ranging applications. It gives a detailed background of technology with all the efforts done in the direction to improve the tracking system.

Inclusion of L2 (Basque) learners in Dialogic Literary Gatherings in a linguistically diverse context

2021 ◽  
pp. 136216882199414
Author(s):  
Maite Santiago-Garabieta ◽  
Rocío García-Carrión ◽  
Harkaitz Zubiri-Esnaola ◽  
Garazi López de Aguileta
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
Dialogic Teaching ◽  
Collaborative Interactions ◽  
Diverse Context

The increasing linguistic diversity of the students in schools poses a major challenge for inclusive educational systems in which everyone can learn the language of instruction effectively and, likewise, can have access to contents, being language the necessary tool to the latter end. Research suggests that there is a robust connection between interaction and language acquisition. Therefore, there is a need to identify the forms of interaction that are most effective for that purpose. In this sense, a greater emphasis on dialogic teaching and learning that increases quality interactions among students may facilitate the learning process. The present study analyses the implementation of a dialogue-based educational action called Dialogic Literary Gatherings (DLG) to promote teaching and learning Basque, a minority language, in a linguistically diverse context. Our research is an exploratory case study: 9 lessons were video-recorded and 2 interviews were conducted with a group of students and their teacher respectively. Results suggest that the DLG creates affordances for encouraging participation in collaborative interactions in the second language, promoting the inclusion of L2 learners, and fostering literature competence as well as a taste for the universal literature. We discuss the implications of these findings for second language learning.

scholarly journals The Effect of an Adaptive Simulated Inner Voice on User’s Eye-gaze Behaviour, Ownership Perception and Plausibility Judgement in Virtual Reality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Ding ◽  
Mark A Neerincx ◽  
Willem-Paul Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Eye Fixation ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Inner Voice ◽  
Gaze Behaviour ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Tracking Technology

Abstract Virtual cognitions (VCs) are a stream of simulated thoughts people hear while emerged in a virtual environment, e.g. by hearing a simulated inner voice presented as a voice over. They can enhance people’s self-efficacy and knowledge about, for example, social interactions as previous studies have shown. Ownership and plausibility of these VCs are regarded as important for their effect, and enhancing both might, therefore, be beneficial. A potential strategy for achieving this is the synchronization of the VCs with people’s eye fixation using eye-tracking technology embedded in a head-mounted display. Hence, this paper tests this idea in the context of a pre-therapy for spider and snake phobia to examine the ability to guide people’s eye fixation. An experiment with 24 participants was conducted using a within-subjects design. Each participant was exposed to two conditions: one where the VCs were adapted to eye gaze of the participant and the other where they were not adapted, i.e. the control condition. The findings of a Bayesian analysis suggest that credibly more ownership was reported and more eye-gaze shift behaviour was observed in the eye-gaze-adapted condition than in the control condition. Compared to the alternative of no or negative mediation, the findings also give some more credibility to the hypothesis that ownership, at least partly, positively mediates the effect eye-gaze-adapted VCs have on eye-gaze shift behaviour. Only weak support was found for plausibility as a mediator. These findings help improve insight into how VCs affect people.

An adaptive blink detector to initialize and update a view-basedremote eye gaze tracking system in a natural scenario

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Torricelli ◽  
Michela Goffredo ◽  
Silvia Conforto ◽  
Maurizio Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Gaze Tracking
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