scholarly journals Early Lexical Development of 50 Words and Individual Differences in the First Language Acquisition: A Case of two Minangkabaunese children

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen Polisda
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Lexical Development

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perbedaan hasil penelitian tentang jenis kata yang diucapkan anak dan perbedaan individu yang mempengaruhuinya pada fase perkembangan 50 kata. Bertolak dari latarbelakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan pemerolehan bahasa pertama anak pada fase perkembangan 50 kata dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pemerolehan bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap anak Minangkabau yang dalam kesehariannya menggunakan bahasa Minangkabau. Subjek penelitian ini ada dua orang, yaitu satu orang anak perempuan berumur 16 bulan dan satu orang anak laki-laki yang berumur 18 bulan. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara interaksi verbal langsung, perekaman, dan pencatatan. Berdasarkan analisis data ditemukan bahwa pada fase perkembangan awal 50 kata, kata benda paling banyak diucapkan oleh kedua anak tersebut. Anak kelahiran pertama menghasilkan sedikit kata dibandingkan anak kelahiran berikutnya. Selain itu, jika orang tuanya lebih banyak menggunakan kata dan kalimat majemuk, pemerolehan bahasa anak juga akan lebih banyak. Namun, penelitian ini tidak menemukan apakah anak yang sering diajak bersosialisasi oleh ibunya lebih produktif dalam menghasilkan kata jika dibandingkan dengan anak yang jarang diajak bersosialisasi. Kata kunci: Perkembangan/pemerolehan awal 50 kata; perbedaan individu; pemerolehan bahasa

scholarly journals Individual Differences in First Language Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-340
Author(s):  
Evan Kidd ◽  
Seamus Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
First Language ◽  
Past Research ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Grammatical Development ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Developmental Dynamics

Humans vary in almost every dimension imaginable, and language is no exception. In this article, we review the past research that has focused on individual differences (IDs) in first language acquisition. We first consider how different theoretical traditions in language acquisition treat IDs, and we argue that a focus on IDs is important given its potential to reveal the developmental dynamics and architectural constraints of the linguistic system. We then review IDs research that has examined variation in children's linguistic input, early speech perception, and vocabulary and grammatical development. In each case, we observe systematic and meaningful variation, such that variation in one domain (e.g., early auditory and speech processing) has meaningful developmental consequences for development in higher-order domains (e.g., vocabulary). The research suggests a high degree of integration across the linguistic system, in which development across multiple linguistic domains is tightly coupled.

scholarly journals role of socialisation in the development of phonological, syntactical and lexical aspects of language

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Ghozayel Mohsen Elotteebi
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
First Language ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Phonological Deficits ◽  
Innate Ability

Rapid linguistic development is believed to occur in early childhood because of the malleability of this period (Hutterlocher, et al., 1991; Maccoby, 1992). The aim of this paper is to evaluate the role of socialisation as a contributor to first-language acquisition in terms of the phonological, lexical and syntactical aspects of language. The relative importance of nativist-and usage-based approaches to language is examined. Following from that, the role of the amount, type and period of exposure to speech in the process of learning English as a first-language. This paper explores a number of studies of typical and atypical children in the relevant literature. It concludes that language acquisition is driven both by innate ability and by environmental factors, i.e. society, or social elements are significant as activators of the human being’s innate ability to acquire language. According to this paper, the deprivation of socialisation is critical to many aspects of language development, most importantly syntactic, and least importantly phonological. Deficits in phonological aspects are only seen in the case of atypical children, and the cases of autistic children, while lexical development can be seen in both cases; typical and atypical. The results of the studies investigated in this paper suggest that syntax is aspect of language most affected by inadequate exposure to language. It also concluded that these three aspects of language acquisition are also likely to be influenced by a critical period, which is a proposal of nativism.

scholarly journals The production-comprehension link in prosodic development and individual differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoju Chen ◽  
Huub van den Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Sentence Position ◽  
Age Range

Central to the debate on the production-comprehension link in prosodic development is the acquisition of focus-to-prosody mapping. To elucidate the nature of the production-comprehension link and shed first light on individual differences in the prosodic domain, the present study investigated developmental changes in production and comprehension of the focus-to-prosody mapping in Dutch-speaking children (age range: 4;8 ~ 7;5, N = 71) longitudinally. It was found that children’s comprehension is predictive of their production only if their comprehension is already adult-like but their production isn’t. Notably, individual differences in the production-comprehension link change with both sentence-position and age, challenging the assertion in the literature that individual differences are stable across development and domains in first language acquisition.

HOW LANGUAGE COMES TO CHILDREN: FROM BIRTH TO TWO YEARS. Bénédicte de Boysson-Bardies (translated by Malcolm DeBevoise). Cambridge, MA: A Brafford Book, The NET Press, 1999. Pp. xiv + 274. $27.50 paper.

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-602
Author(s):  
Susan Foster-Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Original Title ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Language Characteristics

The focus of this book is the very early stages of language acquisition, with (an inevitable) particular focus on phonological and lexical development. As such, it might have been better if enfantsin the original title had been translated as “infants,” because the main title might mislead one into thinking that the book would illuminate a longer developmental path than it actually does. That said, there is much in this volume that might interest a second language researcher interested in second language phonology and lexis who would like to be reminded of what the human animal does under the natural circumstances of first language acquisition. It presents a particularly clear picture of the sensitivities of infants to human sounds, as well as a detailed account of how those sensitivities become tuned to particular language characteristics very early on.

Infant-Directed Speech Effects in Adult Artificial Grammar Learning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Sára Lukics ◽  
Ágnes Lukács
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Artificial Grammar ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Grammar Learning ◽  
Learning Rates

First language acquisition is facilitated by several characteristics of infant-directed speech, but we know little about their relative contribution to learning different aspects of language. We investigated infant-directed speech effects on the acquisition of a linear artificial grammar in two experiments. We examined the effect of incremental presentation of strings (starting small) and prosody (comparing monotonous, arbitrary and phrase prosody). Presenting shorter strings before longer ones led to higher learning rates compared to random presentation. Prosody marking phrases had a similar effect, yet, prosody without marking syntactic units did not facilitate learning. These studies were the first to test the starting small effect with a linear artificial grammar, and also the first to investigate the combined effect of starting small and prosody. Our results suggest that starting small and prosody facilitate the extraction of regularities from artificial linguistic stimuli, indicating they may play an important role in natural language acquisition.

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