scholarly journals Greenhouse Rose Production in Media Containing Coal Bottom Ash

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Susan H. Butler ◽  
Bradford C. Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Foliar Analysis ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Control Root ◽  
Production Indices ◽  
One Year

Abstract Coal bottom ash was mixed with composted hardwood bark fines in proportions of 3:1, 2:1 and 1:1 (by vol) and with soil and peat in proportions of 1:1:1 (by vol). A mix of soil, sand and peat 1:1:1 (by vol) was used as the control root medium. Rosa × hybrida L. ‘Samantha’ plants were planted and cultured for one year and production indices recorded for four harvests. Flower stem lengths, flower bud diameters, production times, and numbers of flowers produced in media composed of ash and bark were equivalent to those in the control medium. Stem fresh weights of flowers produced in ash:bark media exceeded those in the control during third and fourth harvest. Foliar analysis showed increased B but decreased Mn and Cu in plants grown in the ash:bark media. Values of physical characteristics of all media were within acceptable ranges. Requirements for irrigation and fertilization were higher in the ash:bark media. The coal bottom ash:hardwood bark combinations showed potential as components of artificial root media for growing greenhouse roses.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF `NELLIE WHITE' EASTER LILIES IN ROOT MEDIA CONTAINING COAL BOTTOM ASH

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 189d-189
Author(s):  
Bradford C. Bearce ◽  
Lenka Smuta
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Lilium Longiflorum ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Plant Flower ◽  
Lower Stem

Easter lilies (Lilium longiflorum Thunb. `Nellie White') were forced in root media composed of 1 peat: 1 vermiculite (v/v) mixed with coal bottom ash (CBA) at rates of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% CBA. Lilies in all levels of CBA were equal in mean per plant flower bud numbers, fresh and dry weights, and numbers of yellow or brown lower stem leaves. Lilies in 100% CBA were significantly lower in mean stem length than plants in 0% or 50% CBA. Plants in 100% CBA required more frequent irrigation than plants in all other media. Media pH and solution electrical conductivity increased with increase in percent CBA. Analysis of leaf tissue showed no difference in nutrient levels between plants in 0% or 100% CBA.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF 'SAMANTHA' GREENHOUSE ROSES IN ROOT MEDIA AMENDED WITH COAL BOTTOM ASH AND COMPOSTED HARDWOOD BARK

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 255E-255
Author(s):  
Susan H. Butler ◽  
Bradford Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Rosa × hybrida 'Samantha' plants were planted in pots of three soilless and two soil-containing media. Soilless media consisted of coal bottom ash and composted hardwood bark in 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 ratios. Soil-containing media were equal parts soil, peat, and coal bottom ash; and a control of equal parts soil, peat, and sand. Half the pots of each media were treated with a cover crop of Hordeum vulgare L. 'Barsoy' to simulate weathering and incorporate additional organic matter prior to planting the roses. Physical and chemical properties of all five original media were examined, and production indices of two harvests were measured; including stem length, flower bud diameter, fresh weight, days to harvest and average number of blooms per plant. Results to date indicate satisfactory growth in all treatments. The three soilless treatments have produced more stems with larger flower bud diameters and shorter days-to-harvest than the soil-containing treatments. However, the fertilization, and electrical conductivity of all treatments remains below normal. Moisture retention data also show the soil-containing treatments to have higher container capacity and easily available water. Cover-cropped plants also had shorter days-to-harvest, but in one of two harvests produced flower buds of smaller diameter.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COAL BOTTOM ASH–BASED ROOT MEDIA AND THEIR EFFECT ON POINSETTIA NUTRITIVE STATUS, GROWTH, AND FLOWERING

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 912A-912
Author(s):  
Dharmalingam S. Pitchay ◽  
B.C. Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Root Media

Rooted cuttings of `Supjibi' poinsettia were potted in peat vermiculite, mixed with coal bottom ash at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% by volume. Values of pH were higher in media containing coal bottom ash. In general, pH increased for the first 4 weeks, during which time 50–100 ppm (N) fertilizer was being applied, decreased temporarily when 200 ppm fertilizer began, and then increased and stabilized for the last 5 weeks. At first, pH tended to be higher with increase in ash, but when 200 ppm fertilizer was begun, pH became the same in all coal ash levels. Once fertilization was stopped, pH tended again to be higher in ash media. Levels of EC remained low in all media when 50–100 ppm of fertilizer was applied, but increased after 200 ppm fertilizer was begun, increasing to excessive levels 2 weeks later. With more watering, EC declined in the 0% ash, but remained high in 50% to 100% ash media. Leaf Ca content increased with increase in media ash but was below the normal range in all plants. With increase in media ash, water capacity decreased, but bulk density increased. Bract color development in plants in ash media appeared delayed.

scholarly journals Response of Three Poinsettia Cultivars to Root Media Containing Coal Bottom Ash

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 484B-484
Author(s):  
James Gibson ◽  
Bradford C. Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
B Values ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Mean Diameter

Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotsch) cultivars `Dynasty Red', Nutcracker Pink', and `Annette Hegg Topwhite' were planted in 15-cm azalea pots containing peat: vermiculite (1:1, v:v) in which coal bottom ash sieved through 6-mm mesh was mixed in proportions of 0%, 25%, or 50% by volume. Planting date was 23 July 1996, and pinch date was 25 Aug. Harvest date at anthesis was 16 Dec. Plant heights of all cultivars were increased in the ash media. L, a, and b, values measured with a Minolta CR-200 chroma meter differed very slightly among ash levels within cultivars. Mean per plant bract cluster count was very similar among ash levels and cultivars. Mean diameter of largest bract cluster was increased above that of 0% coal ash plants for `Topwhite' plants in 50% coal ash media. Mean per plant dry weights of all three cultivars were increased over those of control plants in both 25% and 50% coal ash media. Media pH increased with increase in ash, while EC tended to decrease. Media available Ca increased with ash increase, while Mg decreased and the same pattern was noted for leaf tissue Ca and Mg. This was probably due to release of Ca from the ash, which contains about 10% Ca oxides. Tissue levels of Ca and Mg were within acceptable ranges; however, K levels also declined in plant tissue to suboptimal levels with plants in ash media.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF FOUR POINSETTIA CULTIVARS IN ROOT MEDIA CONTAINING COAL BOTTOM ASH OR AGED SAWDUST

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 915B-915
Author(s):  
Mark D. Sherratt ◽  
Donna V. Coffindaffer-Ballard ◽  
Bradford C. Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Color Development ◽  
High K ◽  
Root Media

Four poinsettia cultivars were planted in root media containing 0%, 25%, or 50% (by volume) of coal bottom ash or aged hardwood sawdust. Bract color development in `Supjibi' was delayed in media containing sawdust or ash by up to 8–12 days. Bract color initiation of `Jingle Bells' and `Success' occurred earliest in media containing 25% sawdust, but color development was delayed in 50% coal ash. Color development in `Dark Red Hegg' was not affected by ash or sawdust. Analysis of combined leaves from all four cultivars showed Fe levels below normal where media contained sawdust. Leaf Mo concentrations increased with increased media sawdust to above the normal range, but Mn levels were below the normal range in sawdust media. Leaf Ca levels were below normal in all media, possibly due to excessively high K levels in media and leaves. When fertilizer concentration and frequency were adjusted to media EC levels, control media (0% ash or sawdust) required 100 ppm N once a week. Media containing sawdust required 300 ppm to maintain EC levels between 1.25–2.25 dS·m–1 and coal ash media were irrigated with water following the sixth week after planting due to EC levels >2.25.

scholarly journals GROWTH OF PETUNIA, IMPATIENS, AND IVY AND ZONAL GERANIUMS IN ROOT MEDIA CONTAINING COAL BOTTOM ASH

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 915C-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmalingam S. Pitchay ◽  
B.C. Bearce
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Media ◽  
The Media

Petunia and impatiens seedlings were planted in cell packs containing 0%, 25%, or 50% (by volume) coal bottom ash (CBA) mixed with peat: vermiculite. High soluble salts caused fresh and dry weights to be greatly reduced in 25% and 50% CBA. This was thought to be due to insufficient drainage in the shallow cell packs. Subsequent crops were grown in 4-inch pots. Double Pink impatiens in 4-inch pots showed no significant difference between control and ash media in the number of buds and flowers, plant heights and diameters, and fresh and dry weights. For `Mixed Shady Lady' impatiens, the number of flowers, and fresh and dry weights were greater in the control and 50% CBA. Plant heights were reduced in 25% and 50% CBA media. There were no differences in plant diameters among the media. Ivy geraniums showed no significant difference in the number of days from planting to first bloom and 50% florets opening; number of florets, buds, and inflorescences; and stem lengths. Shoot numbers were reduced in 25% and 50% CBA. There was also no significant difference in number of days from planting to first bloom and 50% florets opening, or number of buds and inflorescences for zonal geraniums. Number of florets increased for zonal geraniums in 25% CBA.

scholarly journals Coal Bottom Ash and Pine Wood Peelings as Root Substrates in a Circulating Nutriculture System

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Woodard ◽  
B.C. Bearce ◽  
S. Cluskey ◽  
E.C. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Light Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Coal Bottom Ash ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Mixture Decomposition ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Polyethylene Bags

`Inca Yellow' marigolds (Tagetes erects L.) were planted in polyethylene bags containing coal bottom ash (CBA), pine wood peelings (PWP), a mixture of 1 CBA: 1 PWP (v/v), and loose Grodan rockwool (RW) and grown in a circulating nutriculture system. Three fertigation frequencies of 12, 6, or 4 cycles per 12-hour light period were set with a duration of 5 minutes each. Flower diameters of marigolds grown in CBA, PWP, and CBA-PWP exceeded flower diameters of RW-grown marigolds, and days from planting to harvest were less in CBA and CBA-PWP than in the other two media. There was no interaction between medium and fertigation frequency. Foliar analysis showed no significant differences in plant elemental composition among root media or fertigation frequencies. Postharvest PWP water extracts contained higher P levels than extracts of other media, and CBA-PWP water extracts contained higher K, Ca, and Mg. In the CBA-PWP mixture, decomposition products from PWP may have increased P volubility and solubilized the K, Ca,-and Mg-in CBA.

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