scholarly journals Del vacío clásico al vacío cuántico

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Alemañ Berenguer
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Vacuum Field ◽  
Fundamental Structure ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Field Symmetry ◽  
Physical Fields

RESUMENEl anuncio en julio de 2012 de los primeros indicios experimentales sobre la existencia del bosón de Higgs, reavivó el interés del secular debate sobre el significado de conceptos como el vacío y los campos físicos. La evolución de sus interpretaciones revela mutaciones profundas en el trasfondo filosófico de nuestra visión de la naturaleza. Especialmente por cuanto el controvertido papel de las rupturas de simetría se ha añadido a las discusiones sobre las teorías de unificación y la estructura fundamental de la materia.PALABRAS CLAVEESPACIO, ÉTER, VACÍO, CAMPO, SIMETRÍAABSTRACTThe announcement in July 2012 of the first experimental evidence about the Higgs boson existence, intensified interest in the secular debate on the meaning of concepts such as vacuum and physical fields. The evolution of their interpretations reveals profound changes in the philosophical background of our view of nature. Especially since the controversial role of symmetry breaking has been added to the discussions on unification theories and the fundamental structure of matter.KEYWORDSSPACE, ETHER, VACUUM, FIELD, SYMMETRY

scholarly journals Dilthey y el giro antropológico de la filosofía

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Przylebski
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Vacuum Field ◽  
Fundamental Structure ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Field Symmetry ◽  
Physical Fields

RESUMENEl anuncio en julio de 2012 de los primeros indicios experimentales sobre la existencia del bosón de Higgs, reavivó el interés del secular debate sobre el significado de conceptos como el vacío y los campos físicos. La evolución de sus interpretaciones revela mutaciones profundas en el trasfondo filosófico de nuestra visión de la naturaleza. Especialmente por cuanto el controvertido papel de las rupturas de simetría se ha añadido a las discusiones sobre las teorías de unificación y la estructura fundamental de la materia.PALABRAS CLAVEESPACIO, ÉTER, VACÍO, CAMPO, SIMETRÍAABSTRACTThe announcement in July 2012 of the first experimental evidence of the existence of Higgs boson intensified the interest in the age-old debate on the meaning of concepts such as vacuum and physical fields. The evolution of their interpretations reveals profound changes in the philosophical background of our view of nature. Especially since the controversial role of symmetry breaking has been added to the discussions on unification theories and the fundamental structure of matter.KEY WORDSSPACE, ETHER, VACUUM, FIELD, SYMMETRY

scholarly journals Cuando la “nada”, según la ciencia, es “algo”

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Alemañ
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Vacuum Field ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Physical Vacuum ◽  
Quantum Vacuum ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Field Symmetry ◽  
Physical Fields

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong> Resumen</strong>. </span>El anuncio en julio de 2012 de los primeros indicios experimentales sobre la existencia del bosón de Higgs, reavivó el interés de la secular debate sobre el significado de conceptos como el vacío, los campos físicos o incluso la propia noción de espacio. La evolución de sus interpretaciones revela mutaciones profundas en nuestra visión de la naturaleza. En este artículo se pretende exponer la complejidad del concepto de vacío, clásico y cuántico, así como su relación con otras propiedades del espacio-tiempo, como la gravitación. Consecuencia de todo ello es que el moderno concepto de vacío físico encierra una enorme riqueza conceptual todavía por explorar.</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2"><strong>Palabras clave</strong>: </span>Espacio, Eter, Vacío, Campo, Simetría.</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong> Abstract</strong>. </span>The announcement in July 2012 of the first experimental evidence about the Higgs boson existence, intensified interest in the secular debate on the meaning of concepts such as vacuum, physical fields or even the very notion of space itself. The evolution of their interpretations reveals profound changes in the philosophical background of our view of nature. This paper will set out the complexity of the concept of classical and quantum vacuum, and their relationship with other properties of space-time, as gravitation. Consequence of this is that the modern concept of physical vacuum contains an enormous conceptual richness still to be explored.</p> <p class="p1"><span class="s2"><strong>KeyWords</strong>: </span>Space, Ether, Vacuum, Field, Symmetry.</p>

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

TESTING GOAL-DRIVEN CAPTURE BY THREAT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Robert Harrison Brown
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Contingent Capture ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Positive Stimuli

Attention has long been characterised within prominent models as reflecting a competition between goal-driven and stimulus-driven processes. It remains unclear, however, how involuntary attentional capture by affective stimuli, such as threat-laden content, fits into such models. While such effects were traditionally held to reflect stimulus-driven processes, recent research has increasingly implicated a critical role of goal-driven processes. Here we test an alternative goal-driven account of involuntary attentional capture by threat, using an experimental manipulation of goal-driven attention. To this end we combined the classic ‘contingent capture’ and ‘emotion-induced blink’ (EIB) paradigms in an RSVP task with both positive or threatening target search goals. Across six experiments, positive and threat distractors were presented in peripheral, parafoveal, and central locations. Across all distractor locations, we found that involuntary attentional capture by irrelevant threatening distractors could be induced via the adoption of a search goal for a threatening category; adopting a goal for a positive category conversely led to capture only by positive stimuli. Our findings provide direct experimental evidence for a causal role of voluntary goals in involuntary capture by irrelevant threat stimuli, and hence demonstrate the plausibility of a top-down account of this phenomenon. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to current cognitive models of attention and clinical disorders.

scholarly journals Experimental evidence of pathogenic role of IgG autoantibodies in IgA nephropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 102593
Author(s):  
Zina Moldoveanu ◽  
Hitoshi Suzuki ◽  
Colin Reily ◽  
Kenji Satake ◽  
Lea Novak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Pathogenic Role

scholarly journals O-GlcNAcylation protein disruption by Thiamet G promotes changes on the GBM U87-MG cells secretome molecular signature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Oliveira-Nunes ◽  
Glaucia Julião ◽  
Aline Menezes ◽  
Fernanda Mariath ◽  
John A. Hanover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Tumor Aggressiveness ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a grade IV glioma highly aggressive and refractory to the therapeutic approaches currently in use. O-GlcNAcylation plays a key role for tumor aggressiveness and progression in different types of cancer; however, experimental evidence of its involvement in GBM are still lacking. Here, we show that O-GlcNAcylation plays a critical role in maintaining the composition of the GBM secretome, whereas inhibition of OGA activity disrupts the intercellular signaling via microvesicles. Using a label-free quantitative proteomics methodology, we identified 51 proteins in the GBM secretome whose abundance was significantly altered by activity inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (iOGA). Among these proteins, we observed that proteins related to proteasome activity and to regulation of immune response in the tumor microenvironment were consistently downregulated in GBM cells upon iOGA. While the proteins IGFBP3, IL-6 and HSPA5 were downregulated in GBM iOGA cells, the protein SQSTM1/p62 was exclusively found in GBM cells under iOGA. These findings were in line with literature evidence on the role of p62/IL-6 signaling axis in suppressing tumor aggressiveness and our experimental evidence showing a decrease in radioresistance potential of these cells. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that OGA activity may regulate the p62 and IL-6 abundance in the GBM secretome. We propose that the assessment of tumor status from the main proteins present in its secretome may contribute to the advancement of diagnostic, prognostic and even therapeutic tools to approach this relevant malignancy.

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