Comparison of the in vitro anticollagenase efficacy of homologous serum and plasma on degradation of corneas of cats, dogs, and horses

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily D. Conway ◽  
Jean Stiles ◽  
Wendy M. Townsend ◽  
Hsin-Yi Weng
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Serum

scholarly journals TECHNIQUE OF CULTIVATING HUMAN TISSUES IN VITRO

1916 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Homologous Serum

1. Unmodified human plasma is not a satisfactory culture medium for human tissues owing to the susceptibility of human fibrin to digestion by tissue ferments. The necessary framework is thus destroyed before the cells begin to migrate. The difficulty can be overcome by adding to human plasma or serum a small quantity of fowl or pigeon plasma, the fibrin of which is highly resistant to digestion. Human tissues have been propagated in this medium for several months through subcultures, and growth in vitro can probably be maintained indefinitely. 2. Human tissues show no greater sensitiveness to changes in temperature and mechanical injury associated with preparation of cultures than those of lower animals. They may be preserved in an ordinary ice box at 10–15°C. as long as 6 or 8 days. Tissues obtained at operation give best results, but pieces of organs removed at autopsy 1 to 4 hours after death sometimes show active growth. 3. The presence of normally existing iso-antibodies (agglutinins and hemolysins) in human serum is without influence on the growth of human tissues in vitro. In other words, autogenous serum has no advantage in tissue cultures over homologous serum.

scholarly journals PURE CULTURES OF LARGE MONONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES

1922 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Carrel ◽  
Albert H. Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Embryonic Tissue ◽  
Homologous Serum ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Active Condition ◽  
Mononuclear Leucocytes

1. Pure strains of mononuclear leucocytes were isolated from the blood of adult chickens and keptin active condition for nearly 3 months. 2. The cultures were composed of large mononuclear leucocytes which migrated and proliferated in vitro at a slower rate than fibroblasts. The cells had no tendency to form a tissue, as do fibroblasts and epithelial cells. They were much less resistant than fibroblasts. 3. Differentiation of the large mononuclears into cells assuming the appearance of fibroblasts took place under certain conditions. 4. The activity of the large mononuclears was increased by embryonic tissue juice and inhibited by homologous serum.

IN VITRO UPTAKE OF 131I LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (I) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkild Friis
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Homologous Serum ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT The uptake of 131I labelled l-triiodothyronine by erythrocytes was studied in 139 patients in the presence of equal parts of homologous serum. In 54 normal subjects the uptake was found to range from 6 to 10.5 per cent of the added activity, while 3 subjects (5.6 per cent) showed values from 10.5 to 12.2 per cent. Out of 16 hyperthyroid patients 14 (87.5 per cent) had elevated values. There was a distinct relationship between the severity of thyrotoxicosis and the extent of the uptake. Out of 8 hypothyroid patients 4 (50 per cent) had reduced uptake. Among 12 pregnant women uptake was reduced in 10 and among 8 patients on stilboestrol medication it was reduced in 8. Three out of 7 patients with long-standing hepatitis showed reduced erythrocyte uptake. With one exception the uptake was normal in 13 patients with non-toxic goitre, in 8 euthyroid thyroidectomized patients, in 4 euthyroid patients treated with desiccated thyroid, in 6 euthyroid hypermetabolic and in 3 euthyroid hypometabolic patients.

The effect of teratogenic antiserum on yolk-sac function in rat embryos cultured in vitro

Development ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Freeman ◽  
Robert L. Brent ◽  
John B. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Identical Result ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Homologous Serum ◽  
Visceral Yolk Sac ◽  
Parallel Control

The teratogenicity of rabbit anti-rat visceral yolk-sac antiserum, injected into pregnant rats at either 8·5 or 9·5 days of gestation, has been confirmed. Normal rabbit serum was found not to be teratogenic. When conceptuses from 9·5-day pregnant rats were cultured for 48 h in heat-denatured homologous serum, to which antiserum was added for the final (or the penultimate) 6 h of culture, embryonic development was normal. The protein contents of embryos and yolk sacs (at harvesting) were however decreased. When antiserum was present in cultures for the final 6 h, pinocytosis by the yolk sac, as measured by the uptake of 125I-labelled polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), was decreased to an extent related to the concentration of antiserum in the culture medium and to a minimum level of about 40%. The presence of antiserum in cultures for the penultimate 6 h only, with 125I-labelled PVP present for the final 6 h only, produced an identical result. No uptake of radioactivity into the embryo was observed, in either the absence or presence of antiserum. When conceptuses were cultured for the final 6 h in vitamin- and glucose-supplemented dialysed homologous serum whose proteins were [3H]leucine-labelled, the presence of antiserum for either the final or penultimate 6 h again resulted in a decrease in the uptake of radioactivity by conceptuses. Uptake of radioactivity into yolk sac and embryo was decreased by the same amount, indicating that proteolysis in yolk-sac lysosomes was not inhibited. In parallel control experiments in which normal rabbit serum replaced rabbit anti-rat visceral yolk-sac antiserum, no effects on embryonic development, on protein contents of yolk sacs and embryos at harvesting, or on the uptake of radioactivity by conceptuses were observed. These results are interpreted as providing evidence that teratogenic antibodies decrease pinocytosis of protein by visceral yolk sac at the early organogenesis stage and consequentially decrease the availability of amino acids and thus protein synthesis in both yolk sac and embryo. It is proposed that this effect constitutes the mechanism of action of teratogenic antisera.

scholarly journals HEAT AND GROWTH-INHIBITING ACTION OF SERUM

1922 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Carrel ◽  
Albert H. Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Inhibiting Action ◽  
Homologous Serum ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

The inhibiting action of homologous serum on the proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro was increased after the serum had been heated at 56° and 70°C. This action decreased after the serum had been heated at 100°C.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

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