IN VITRO UPTAKE OF 131I LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (I) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkild Friis
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Homologous Serum ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT The uptake of 131I labelled l-triiodothyronine by erythrocytes was studied in 139 patients in the presence of equal parts of homologous serum. In 54 normal subjects the uptake was found to range from 6 to 10.5 per cent of the added activity, while 3 subjects (5.6 per cent) showed values from 10.5 to 12.2 per cent. Out of 16 hyperthyroid patients 14 (87.5 per cent) had elevated values. There was a distinct relationship between the severity of thyrotoxicosis and the extent of the uptake. Out of 8 hypothyroid patients 4 (50 per cent) had reduced uptake. Among 12 pregnant women uptake was reduced in 10 and among 8 patients on stilboestrol medication it was reduced in 8. Three out of 7 patients with long-standing hepatitis showed reduced erythrocyte uptake. With one exception the uptake was normal in 13 patients with non-toxic goitre, in 8 euthyroid thyroidectomized patients, in 4 euthyroid patients treated with desiccated thyroid, in 6 euthyroid hypermetabolic and in 3 euthyroid hypometabolic patients.

THE "EFFECTIVE THYROXINE RATIO" – NEW IN VITRO TEST OF THYROID FUNCTION AND ITS CORRELATION WITH FREE THYROXINE

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Nauman ◽  
Alicja Nauman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
High Reproducibility ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT The effective thyroxine ratio (ETR) and absolute concentration of free thyroxine (AFT4) were estimated in the sera of 31 normal subjects, 27 hyperthyroid patients, 12 hypothyroid patients and 21 euthyroid pregnant women. The mean ETR value in the controls was 1.0 ± 0.18, in the hyperthyroid patients 1.31 ± 0.25, in the hypothyroid patients 0.71 ± 0.21 and in normal pregnant women 0.99 ± 0.24. The mean AFT4 in the normal subjects was 3.0 ± 0.53 ng/100 ml, in the hyperthyroid patients 9.49 ± 2.44 ng/ 100 ml, in the hypothyroid patients 0.58 ± 0.15 ng/100 ml and in the pregnant women 2.84 ± 0.63 ng/100 ml, respectively. High reproducibility of ETR and a significant positive correlation between ETR and AFT4 with r = 0.96 suggest that ETR might be a suitable in vitro test for routine clinical evaluation of the thyrometabolic state.

ON THE MECHANISM OF THE IN VITRO UPTAKE OF 131I LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (I) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkild Friis
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of the l-triiodothyronine uptake by human erythrocytes 4 sets of experiments were performed: (1) Criss-cross experiments using serum and erythrocytes from hyperthyroid patients and normal subjects, (2) experiments using dilution of the sera, (3) experiments using addition of varying quantities of stable l-triiodothyronine, and (4) addition of varying quantities of stable l-thyroxine. It is demonstrated that the uptake by the erythrocytes is dependent on the binding of triiodothyronine to the serum proteins. Increased binding involves a decreased uptake by the erythrocytes.

IN VITRO UPTAKE OF RADIOACTIVE 131I LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES AS AN INDEX OF THYROID FUNCTION

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (II) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Woldring ◽  
A. Bakker ◽  
H. Doorenbos
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT The red cell triiodothyronine uptake technique as used in our hospital is described. Incubation time is of almost no importance. The temperature during incubation should be 37° C. Further improvement of the technique is obtained when all blood samples are brought up to 40 % haematocrit prior to incubation. Clinical results are discussed. It is yet too early to give a definite assessment of its clinical value, but it is definitely superior to the measurement of the BMR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of free and total L-thyroxine in serum by a commercial procedure.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Obregon ◽  
A Kurtz ◽  
R Ekins ◽  
G Morreale de Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Dialysis Method ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract We assessed a commercial kit (Corning Medical) for "free" and total thyroxine determination, results being compared to those obtained by the Ekins and Ellis dialysis method (free thyroxine) and the method of Weeke and Orskov (total thyroxine). The kit procedure permits determination of both free and total thyroxine within 4 to 5 h, and the combined results may disclose changes in binding to plasma proteins that would be missed if only free thyroxine were determined. With both free-thyroxine methods, the values distinguished hyperthyroid patients from normal controls and pregnant women with 100% accuracy, but there was some overlap between hypothyroid patients and controls. Absolute values with the kit procedure often exceed those obtained by dialysis, especially for hypothyroid patients and pregnant women. We conclude that the kit may be of as much diagnostic value as the dialysis method if the limitations regarding absolute values are kept in mind and the test is not used as a substitute for thyrotropin determinations in cases of suspected hypothyroidism.

The SimulTRAC FT4/TSH assay evaluated as a first-line thyroid-function test.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1488-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Desai ◽  
W M Deppe ◽  
R J Norman ◽  
T Govender ◽  
S M Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
First Line ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Abstract We evaluated the SimulTRAC FT4 57Co/TSH 125I dual-isotope assay for the simultaneous measurement of free thyroxin (FT4) by radioimmunoassay analog techniques and of thyrotropin (TSH) by immunoradiometry. Inter- and intra-assay CVs were less than 10% over the entire range tested except for 15.9% at the lowest FT4 concentration. Results obtained by the SimulTRAC assay allowed complete differentiation of 85 hyperthyroid patients and 35 hypothyroid patients from normal subjects. However, such estimations of FT4 or TSH concentrations occasionally were misleading for assessing thyroid status in various clinical conditions. We conclude that the SimulTRAC assay has the same inherent disadvantages possessed by FT4 analog and TSH immunoradiometric assays; however, where results of one of the simultaneous assays may be misleading, the results provided by the other may indicate the underlying pathology without requiring an additional assay.

ALTERATIONS OF THYROXINE-BINDING PROTEIN IN CLINICALLY HYPO- AND HYPERTHYROID PATIENTS WITH NORMAL PBI LEVEL

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lemarchand-Béraud ◽  
M.-R. Assayah ◽  
A. Vannotti
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Elevated Protein ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT Six patients, clinically hypothyroid in spite of a normal or elevated protein-bound iodine (PBI) level, and six hyperthyroid patients with a low level of PBI are described. In these patients, a probable modification of the transport of the thyroid hormones is revealed by means of in vitro uptake of T3 by erythrocytes (Hamolsky's test) and by the determination of the binding capacity of the thyroxine-binding protein (TBP or TBG). In the first group, the labelled triiodothyronine uptake by the erythrocytes is low and the TBP-binding capacity is higher than normal. In the second group, the elevated percentage of free hormones and the low TBP-binding capacity may partly explain the hyperthyroidism despite the low PBI level. PBI concentration in the thyrotoxic range with high TBP binding capacity, is also demonstrated in infectious hepatitis. The meaning of these results is discussed.

THE IN VITRO UPTAKE BY HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES OF LABELLED L-TRIIODOTHYRONINE IN CASES OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WITH CARBON DIOXIDE RETENTION AND RENAL INSUFFICIENCY

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkild Friis ◽  
H. P. Østergaard Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
In Vitro Uptake

ABSTRACT The uptake by human erythrocytes of labelled l-triiodothyronine in the presence of homologous plasma was measured in 25 patients with chronic bronchitis with varying degrees of CO2 retention and in 33 patients with chronic pyelonephritis with varying degrees of uraemia. Increased T3 uptake was found in 20 patients with chronic bronchitis and in 20 patients with uraemia. Cross experiments make it probable that the chief reason for this increase both in patients with bronchitis and with pyelonephritis is due to a reduction in the binding capacity of serum protein for l-triiodothyronine. In the patients with bronchitis increased Pco2 and reduced oxygen saturation in arterial blood were accompanied by increased T3 uptake by the erythrocytes. In the patients with nephritis increasing serum creatinine was accompanied by increased T3 uptake. No relationship could be found between the extent of the acidosis and the T3 uptake.

A two-step radioimmunoassay for free triiodothyronine in serum.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G Rajan ◽  
A M Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Using a high-affinity solid-phase-bound antibody (Ka = 1.2 X 10(11) L/mol), we have standardized a two-step radioimmunoassay for free triiodothyronine (FT3) in serum, based on immunoextraction. The method was validated by comparison with an equilibrium-dialysis procedure (r = 0.96) involving RIA of T3 in the dialysate standardized with the same antibody and by a commercial (Liso-Phase, International-CIS) method. The two-step RIA could detect as little as 0.2 pg per milliliter. The mean CVs within and between assays were 9% and 12%, respectively. FT3 values measured in 30 normal adults ranged from 1.77 to 4.77 ng/L. Comparison with ratios of total T3 to thyroxin-binding globulin showed good agreement in normal subjects, pregnant women, and hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients.

EVALUATION OF THYROID STATUS WITH THE "EFFECTIVE THYROXINE RATIO" (E. T. R.®)

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Kølendorf ◽  
Kaj Siersbæk-Nielsen ◽  
Jens Mølholm Hansen ◽  
Thorkild Friis
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Free Thyroxine Index ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

ABSTRACT A new in vitro thyroid function test, "Effective Thyroxine Ratio" (ETR®) has been tested in 170 patients, and the ETR values in patients with normal and abnormal thyroid function have been compared to the concentration of absolute free thyroxine and free thyroxine index in serum. Among 42 hyperthyroid patients tested with ETR, 13 had values within normal range (30.9 per cent). Three of 18 hypothyroid patients had normal values (16.8 per cent). Eighty-nine per cent of 27 pregnant women and all of 17 patients treated with genuine oestrogens had ETR values within normal range. A high positive correlation was found between values of ETR, absolute free thyroxine in serum (r = 0.62) and free thyroxine index (r = 0.83).

Serum 3'-monoiodothyronine levels in normal subjects and in patients with thyroid and non-thyroid disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. Faber ◽  
D. Cohn ◽  
K. Kølendorf ◽  
H. Francis Thomsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Lower Detection Limit ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Abstract. Serum 3'-monoiodothyronine (3'-T1) levels were estimated by means of a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) preceded by an ethanol extraction. The recovery of 3'-T1 was in mean (± sem) 110 ± 9%, and the lower detection limit was 23 pmol/l. Serum levels of 3'-T1 in 34 euthyroid healthy subjects were (median (range)) 55 pmol/l (<23-168 pmol/l), in 13 hyperthyroid patients 133 pmol/l (70-265 pmol/l) (P < 0.01) and in 13 hypothyroid patients <23 pmol/l (<23-68 pmol/l) (P <0.01). In 11 patients with chronic renal failure serum 3'-T1 levels were highly increased 285 pmol/l (115-1538 pmol/l) (P < 0.01) and correlated inversely to creatinine clearance (R = −0.68, P < 0.05). In patients with liver cirrhosis serum 3'-T1 levels were unaffected, whereas in 19 patients with endogenous depression studied before and after recovery from the depression serum levels decreased from 70 pmol/l (< 23-248 pmol/l) to 30 pmol/l (<23-95 pmol/l (P < 0.01). Administration of propranolol 40 mg b. i. d. for 2 weeks did not affect serum 3'-T1 levels. The study shows that 3'-T1 is present in serum from euthyroid man and varies with thyroid function. Further, it is suggested that 3'-T1 in contrast to other iodothyronines primarily is eliminated by the kidneys.

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