Subject Differences in Exponents of Psychophysical Power Functions

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1125-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Rule
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Circle Size ◽  
Subject Differences

Psychophysical power functions were obtained from magnitude estimation of circle size, numerousness, and line length for each of 36 Ss. Correlations for individual exponents were found between continua. The findings supported the hypothesis that an individual exhibits a characteristic range of responses in magnitude estimation tasks.

Scaling Apparent Distance in a Large Open Field: Some New Data

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Aparecido Da Silva ◽  
Cleuza Beatriz Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Apparent Distance ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
The Mean

Judged distance in a large open field, scaled by the method of magnitude estimation, is related to physical distance by a power function with an exponent smaller than unity. The exponents obtained with two ranges of distance were not affected by the availability of a standard. The mean exponent for all 80 individual power functions was 0.86, with a standard deviation of 0.11.

Effects of Aging on Responses to Suprathreshold Lingual Vibrotactile Stimulation

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Linda Petrosino ◽  
Elizabeth Randolph-Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Aged Subjects ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Lingual vibrotactile suprathreshold sensation magnitudes were investigated across four age groups ( M ages = 7.8 yr., 193 yr., 45.2 yr., and 57.0 yr, age range = 5 to 64 yr.) by employing the psychophysical methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching. Lingual vibrotactile stimuli were presented in combination with auditory stimuli for the cross-modal matching task. For lingual vibrotactile magnitude estimation, both the upper and lower power functions were steeper for the oldest age group. The power functions for cross-modal matching in which the vibratory stimulus was the standard showed asymptotic growth at about 25-dB sensation level for the three older age groups, but not for the youngest age group. Straight-line power functions were obtained for all age groups on the cross-modal matching task when the auditory stimulus was the standard, with the older aged subjects making larger lingual vibrotactile magnitude adjustments to the lower level auditory stimuli than the younger aged subjects. These results are discussed in relation to neurophysiological and behavioral changes which occur during development and aging.

Effect of Orientation on Judgments of Line Length

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Scaling Factors ◽  
Area And Volume

This study investigated how the parameters of the power function of line judgments by 68 college undergraduates were affected by orientation of line. Exponents of the power functions did not vary as a function of orientation, but the scaling factors varied substantially. These results suggest that the horizontal-vertical illusion is best described as about a 12% illusion. Also, results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the horizontal-vertical illusion affects the exponent of power functions for judgments of area and volume.

Effect of aging on respiratory sensations produced by elastic loads

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tack ◽  
M. D. Altose ◽  
N. S. Cherniack
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Respiratory Sensation ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Elastic Loading ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Magnitude Estimation Method

We compared the effects of graded elastic loads on respiratory sensations in 19 healthy subjects greater than 60 yr of age to 21 healthy subjects less than 30 yr old. The magnitude of the respiratory sensation was quantitated by two well-established psychophysical techniques. In the magnitude-estimation method, subjects indicated the intensity of the sensation experienced with numbers; in the cross-modality method, the level of sensation was signaled with a dynamometer activated by thumb pressure. In addition, the effects of nonrespiratory stimuli were compared in the two groups. With both methods, the logarithm of the response to elastic loads was linearly related to the logarithms of the stimulus. The slope of the line relating the log of the response to the log of the stimulus (beta) was significantly greater in the younger group than in the older group using the magnitude-estimation method but not with the cross-modality matching test. There were no differences in the ability of the two groups to assign numbers to line length. However, the older group had a lower beta for magnitude estimation of thumb force than the younger group. The results suggest 1) that respiratory sensation follows Steven's law and grows exponentially with the stimulus; 2) that the growth of sensations produced by elastic loading is less in older than in younger individuals; and 3) differences in the perception of the mode used for matching in the cross-modality test may obscure significant differences in the sensations elicited by respiratory stimuli.

Prediction of Individual Loudness Exponents from Cross-Modality Matching

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhona P. Hellman ◽  
Carol H. Meiselman
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Magnitude Production ◽  
Loudness Growth

An investigation of the relation among individual power-function exponents for 51 adults with normal hearing was undertaken. Three different psychophysical procedures were employed: absolute magnitude estimation (AME), absolute magnitude production (AMP), and cross-modality matching (CMM) between loudness and perceived length. From these procedures, loudness exponents obtained directly from measurements of AME and AMP of loudness were compared to exponents predicted from CMM and AME of perceived length. The means of the distributions of measured and predicted exponents were found to have an identical value of 0.56. Moreover, more than half of the differences between the predicted and measured exponents ranged from -.07 to +.09, giving measured deviations that extend from - 12.5 to 16%. The close agreement between the measured and predicted means, ranges, and distributions of exponent values implies that CMM combined with line-length information can be used with success to determine an individual's rate of loudness growth.

scholarly journals Subject differences in exponents of psychophysical power functions for inferred, remembered, and perceived area

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Aparecido Da Silva ◽  
Suzi Lippi Marques ◽  
Erasmo Miessa Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Power Functions ◽  
Subject Differences

Social Psychophysics: Measurement of Attitudes toward Violence

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Dercole ◽  
W. G. Davenport
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Eye Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Attitudes Toward Violence ◽  
The Individual

The psychophysical technique of magnitude estimation was employed to measure social attitudes on the appropriateness of governmental repression and protester actions. Results indicated partial support of the proposed eye-for-eye model for the protester's reactions (P:R) and the authorities' reactions (R:P). Appropriateness judgments between Ss were diverse and averaging responses, over either trials or Ss, as has been the general practice in previous studies, appeared invalid and would probably have produced power functions and indices not representative of the individual S. The attitude judgment situation appeared to be at least partially metathetic in contrast to the prothetic character it has been attributed in the past. Considerations for the implementation of magnitude estimation in social research were discussed.

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