Effect of Shock Intensity on Escape and Avoidance Learning in Rats Trained under Bilateral Spreading Depression

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1127-1131
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Delprato ◽  
Richard W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Shock Intensity ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Straight Alley ◽  
Shock Level ◽  
Shuttle Box ◽  
Intense Shock ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Escape Learning ◽  
Treatment Interaction

Two experiments investigated the effect of shock intensity on escape learning in a straight alley (Exp. I) or avoidance learning in a one-way shuttle box (Exp. II) in operated control (OC) rats or rats under bilateral spreading depression (BSD). Results of Exp. I using 0.6-, 1.2-, and 2.4-ma. shock indicated no interaction of shock level with cortical treatment and that BSD Ss were inferior to OC Ss. A low level of shock resulted in poorer performance than intense shock. Results of Exp. II using 0.4- and 2.0-ma. shock indicated a shock by cortical treatment interaction. 0.4-ma. BSD Ss were inferior in latency to 2.0-ma. BSD Ss and 0.4-ma. OC Ss.

Prior Shock Trauma and Test-Shock Intensity as Determinants of Escape Learning

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chris Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Shock Intensity ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Shock Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Test Shock ◽  
Escape Learning ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The effects of prior traumatic shock (PS), administered under conditions designed either to maximize (Group 1) or to minimize (Group 2) transfer of trauma-produced learned responses from the treatment to the test chamber, were evaluated in the rat using a hurdle-jump escape situation. Another group (the control group) was not traumatized. 10 days following treatment each group was divided into three subgroups of 0.0-ma., 0.1-ma., and 0.4-ma. test shock, respectively. The performance of the control groups fluctuated systematically with variations in test-shock level while Groups 1 and 2 responded maximally to test shock regardless of intensity. However, under no-test-shock the control group and Group 2 performed identically and significantly more slowly than Group 1. Changes in group variability were similarly related to PS treatment.

Shuttle-Box Avoidance Learning in Mice: Improvement by Combined Glucose and Tacrine

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Pavone ◽  
Francesca Capone ◽  
Mario Battaglia ◽  
Mario Sansone
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Shuttle Box

Retention of Massed vs Distributed Response-Prevention Treatments in Rats and a Revised Training Procedure

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Martasian ◽  
Nelson F. Smith ◽  
Stephen A. Neill ◽  
Thomas S. Rieg
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Response Prevention ◽  
Escape Training ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Shuttle Box ◽  
Avoidance Paradigm ◽  
Avoidance Apparatus

Two experiments were conducted to estimate the retention of response-prevention effects using massed vs distributed treatments in a model of animal avoidance-learning. In Exp. I, 120 rats were trained to avoid shock in a one-way platform avoidance apparatus. Groups received response-prevention treatment or nontreatment in a 36-min. massed session or in several sessions distributed over a four-day period. In Exp. II, 160 rats were given two trials of escape training in a one-way shuttle box. Groups received response-prevention treatment or nontreatment in a 24-min. session of massed or distributed treatments delivered in one day. Subjects in both studies were tested using a passive-avoidance paradigm immediately following treatment, 24 hours later, and 30 days later. Analysis showed that response-prevention treatments were effective in reducing avoidance behavior and there were no significant differences in retention of avoidance associated with massed vs distributed response-prevention treatments. Implications for animals and humans are discussed, and researchers are encouraged to change from a criterion training procedure to an escape procedure since the latter is a closer analogue to the human condition.

scholarly journals Effects of cortical spreading depression and ether following one-trial discriminated avoidance learning

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 597-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Black ◽  
Milton D. Suboski ◽  
Nelson L. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Cortical Spreading Depression ◽  
Spreading Depression
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