Delayed Auditory Feedback Effects on Twenty-Four-Hour Retention of Prose

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jefferey Kravetz
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback

2 groups of 10 college students read prose material aloud into a microphone; one group received delayed auditory feedback. The accuracy of written recalls obtained 24 hr. later was superior for the control group ( P < .05). This fails to confirm a hypothesis offered by King and Dodge and suggested by Walker's action decrement theory.

Ear differences and delayed auditory feedback: Effects on a speech and a music task.

1971 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Bradshaw ◽  
Norman C. Nettleton ◽  
Gina Geffen
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback

Note on Delayed Auditory Feedback, Exposure Time and Retention

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. King
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Meaningful Material ◽  
Experimental Group

Two groups of Ss, matched on reading rate, were exposed to the learning material for the same length of time. The experimental group practiced under conditions of delayed auditory feedback, the control group did not. The immediate retention of learned material was significantly poorer in the experimental group. The inhibition of immediate recall of connected meaningful material by delayed auditory feedback cannot be accounted for as a function of the decreased reading rate and resultant greater exposure duration to the learning material.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of Delayed Auditory Feedback and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (DAF-tDCS) treatment for the enhancement of speech fluency in adults who stutter: a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Moein ◽  
Reyhane Mohamadi ◽  
Reza Rostami ◽  
Michael Nitsche ◽  
Reza Zomorrodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Speech Fluency ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Abstract Background: With a population prevalence of one percent, stuttering is among the main speech pathology-related topics of research. Adults who stutter may benefit from transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an adjunctive intervention for enhancing speech fluency. In this study, Delayed Auditory Feedback (DAF) was combined with tDCS applied over the superior temporal gyrus. It was anticipated that intervention caused improvements of speech fluency become more stable.Methods: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of intervention in enhancing speech fluency. Fifty participants were randomly allocated the intervention or control group. In the intervention group, participants received DAF combined with anodal tDCS, while the control group was exposed to sham tDCS simultaneously with DAF. Each subject participated in six intervention sessions. Speech fluency was assessed before intervention as baseline, as well as immediately, one week and six weeks after intervention.Results: In the intervention group, the percentage of stuttered syllables was significantly reduced immediately, one week and six weeks after the intervention, as compared with the control group. The scores of the Stuttering Severity Instrument, also showed a significant reduction in the intervention group compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in the Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering questionnaire scores between the two patient two groups after intervention.Conclusion: The results of this study propose anodal tDCS as an adjunctive method to increase speech fluency in stuttering for a prolonged time course after intervention, when combined with fluency therapy.Trial registration: This trial was registered in ClinicalTrial.gov before recruiting the subjects. The registration number is NCT03990168 and the date of registration is June 18, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03990168

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of Delayed Auditory Feedback and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (DAF-tDCS) treatment for the enhancement of speech fluency in adults who stutter: a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Moein ◽  
Reyhane Mohamadi ◽  
Reza Rostami ◽  
Michael Nitsche ◽  
Reza Zomorrodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Speech Fluency ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Abstract Background: With a population prevalence of one percent, stuttering is among the main speech pathology-related topics of research. Adults who stutter may benefit from transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an adjunctive intervention for enhancing speech fluency. In this study, Delayed Auditory Feedback (DAF) was combined with tDCS applied over the superior temporal gyrus. It was anticipated that the combined intervention cause improvements in speech fluency.Methods: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of intervention in enhancing speech fluency. Fifty participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. In the intervention group, participants received DAF combined with anodal tDCS, while the control group was exposed to sham tDCS simultaneously with DAF. Each subject participated in six intervention sessions. Speech fluency was assessed as the baseline, before intervention as well as immediately, one week and six weeks after intervention. Results: In the intervention group, the percentage of stuttered syllables was significantly reduced immediately, one week and six weeks after the intervention, as compared with the control group. The scores of the Stuttering Severity Instrument, also showed a significant reduction in the intervention group compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in the Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering questionnaire scores between the two groups after intervention. Conclusion: The results of this study propose anodal tDCS as an adjunctive method to increase speech fluency in stuttering for a prolonged time course after intervention, when combined with fluency therapy.Trial registration: This trial was registered in ClinicalTrial.gov before recruiting the subjects. The registration number is NCT03990168 and the date of registration is June 18, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03990168

Auditory Feedback and Musical Keyboard Performance

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Finney
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Feedback Condition ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Significant Impairment

In an investigation into the role of auditory feedback guidance in musical performance, musically experienced subjects performed on an electronic keyboard under altered feedback conditions that included pitch and timing manipulations, as well as absence of auditory feedback. The results largely replicated the data reported by Gates and Bradshaw (1974): performance in the absence of auditory feedback showed no impairment, whereas performance under delayed auditory feedback showed significant impairment. In an extension of the Gates and Bradshaw study, however, it was found that altered pitch feedback caused little or no impairment and that altering the pitches in the delayed auditory feedback condition significantly reduced the amount of delayed auditory feedback impairment. These results show that different components of auditory feedback (pitch and timing) have separable effects on musical performance and pose a problem for theories of auditory feedback effects that do not explicitly distinguish these components.

An Effect of Delayed Auditory Feedback on Speech in American and Foreign Students

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard O. Rouse ◽  
G. Richard Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
English Group

Prose passages were read aloud under simultaneous and delayed feedback conditions by three groups of students, consisting of: group A, the control group, 15 Americans speaking English; group B, 13 foreign students speaking English; and group C, 13 Americans speaking French. Results showed that there was less disturbance with DAF in groups B and C where the subjects were not speaking their native languages. Analysis showed that the over-all difference between group A and groups B and C was caused by the difference in number of word errors.

scholarly journals Delayed Auditory Feedback and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment for the Enhancement of Speech Fluency in Adults Who Stutter: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/16646 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e16646
Author(s):  
Narges Moein ◽  
Reyhane Mohamadi ◽  
Reza Rostami ◽  
Michael Nitsche ◽  
Reza Zomorrodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Speech Fluency ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Background Stuttering is a complex speech disorder that affects speech fluency. Recently, it has been shown that noninvasive brain stimulation may be useful to enhance the results of fluency interventions in adults who stutter. Delayed auditory feedback (DAF) is a method to enhance speech fluency in individuals who stutter. Adjunctive interventions are warranted to enhance the efficacy of this intervention. Objective Individuals who stutter have pathological activation patterns in the primary and secondary auditory areas. Consequently, in this study, we hypothesize that stimulation of these areas might be promising as an adjunctive method to fluency training via DAF to enhance speech therapy success in individuals with a stutter. We will systematically test this hypothesis in this study. Methods This study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial. All participants will receive DAF. The intervention group will additionally receive real transcranial direct current stimulation, while the control group will be exposed to sham stimulation. The assignment of the participants to one of these groups will be randomized. Before starting the treatment program, 2 preintervention assessments will be conducted to determine the severity of stuttering. Once these assessments are completed, each subject will participate in 6 intervention sessions. Postintervention assessments will be carried out immediately and 1 week after the last intervention session. Subsequently, to explore the long-term stability of the treatment results, the outcome parameters will be obtained in follow-up assessments 6 weeks after the treatment. The primary outcome measurement—the percentage of stuttered syllables—will be calculated in pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments; the secondary outcomes will be the scores of the following questionnaires: the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition and the Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering. Results This protocol was funded in 2019 and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Iran University of Medical Sciences in June 2019. Data collection started in October 2019. As of February 2020, we have enrolled 30 participants. We expect data analysis to be completed in April 2020, and results will be published in summer 2020. Conclusions We anticipate that this study will show an adjunctive effect of transcranial direct current stimulation, when combined with DAF, on stuttering. This should include not only a reduction in the percentage of stuttered syllables but also improved physical behavior and quality of life in adults who stutter. Trial Registration ClinicalTrial.gov NCT03990168; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03990168 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/16646

Individual Variability in Delayed Auditory Feedback Effects on Speech Fluency and Rate in Normally Fluent Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
HeeCheong Chon ◽  
Shelly Jo Kraft ◽  
Jingfei Zhang ◽  
Torrey Loucks ◽  
Nicoline G. Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Articulation Rate ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Important Variation

Purpose Delayed auditory feedback (DAF) is known to induce stuttering-like disfluencies (SLDs) and cause speech rate reductions in normally fluent adults, but the reason for speech disruptions is not fully known, and individual variation has not been well characterized. Studying individual variation in susceptibility to DAF may identify factors that predispose an individual to be more or less dependent on auditory feedback. Method Participants were 62 normally fluent adults. Each participant performed a spontaneous speech task in 250-ms DAF and amplified nondelayed auditory feedback (NAF) conditions. SLDs, other disfluencies (ODs), speech errors (SEs), and articulation rate (AR) were measured under each condition. Results In the DAF condition, SLDs and SEs significantly increased, and AR decreased. Sex had a limited effect in that men exhibited higher rates of ODs and faster AR than women. More important, parametric cluster analysis identified that 2- and 3-subgroup solutions reveal important variation that differentiates tendencies toward disfluency changes and rate reduction under DAF, which are theoretically and empirically preferred to a single-group solution. Conclusion Individual variability in response to DAF may be accounted for by subgroups of individuals. This suggests that certain normally fluent individuals could be more dependent on intact feedback to maintain fluency.

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