Current stage of higher education internationalization: new characteristics, world leaders and challenges for Russia

At its present stage of internationalization of education, its architecture and forms have changed. The study of these aspects requires an integrated approach. Increasing the volume of exports of educational services remains a priority for Russia, which, according to the authors, does not realize its educational export potential sufficiently. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the current stage of internationalization of higher education through the compilation of its complex characteristics by a set of cross-sections, to interpret the calculations obtained in a new way, to identify new facts and factors affecting the development trend and to develop proposals for Russia as an exporter of educational services. The main sources used were the statistical databases of the WTO, the EEC of the EAEU. Analytical approach, comparative and statistical analysis were used. As a result, the authors found confirmation of the continuing trend of growth in global spending on education, the volume of investments in the global market of educational services, an increase in the number of foreign students, and the preservation of Russia's share in the number of foreign students. The authors also identified new characteristics of the global educational services market, such as: the acceleration of the growth rate of global exports of educational services, the decline in the share of the United States and the growth of the share of the UAE in the global educational services market, the transformation of Asian countries from donors to recipient countries of educational services.

The Current Situation and Learning Strategies of Foreign Students in Chinese Learning Following Entrepreneurial Psychology

Based on entrepreneurial psychology, the current situation of foreign students’ use of learning strategies in Chinese learning is explored, the overall situation of learning strategies in this process is analyzed, and the relationship between foreign students’ use of learning strategies and various factors are obtained through the designed questionnaire survey. First, a questionnaire suitable for the research respondents is designed to investigate the current situation of foreign students’ use of learning strategies in Chinese learning; second, 200 questionnaires are distributed, and 195 questionnaires are recovered, with a recovery rate of 97.5%. After the invalid questionnaire is excluded, the effective rate is 95%; furthermore, the reliability of the questionnaire data is analyzed by SPSS25 software, and Cronbach’s α coefficient is 0.869, which proves that the questionnaire has high reliability; finally, the overall situation of foreign students’ use of learning strategies in Chinese learning is analyzed from the aspects of their majors, their levels of Chinese proficiency, Chinese learning time, age and personality. The results show that the frequency of using cognitive strategies in learning Chinese is the highest, with a score of 3.689; There is a positive correlation between the use of learning strategies and the degree of proficiency of Chinese; Among them, the foreign students who have studied for 2–3 years use learning strategies the most frequently, and the students aged 28–32 use learning strategies the most frequently in the Chinese level test 4. This study provides new ideas for foreign students’ Chinese teaching and has a certain reference for foreign students’ Chinese teaching strategies.

Admirative Category with an Assessment of Possibility and Motivation in Russian and Persian Interrogative Sentences

In Russian and Persian, the category of indirect evidentiality points out to some unreliable source of information. The category of admirativity expresses unexpected and new information gained by the speaker. Such interrogative sentences convey combine admirativity with diff erent modal meanings. Foreign students of Russian often fi nd it hard to distinguish these meanings in Russian interrogative sentences. The authors compared Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and the linguistics tools that refl ect the admirative category with an assessment of modal meanings of possibility and motivation. This is the fi rst research of the category of admirativity in the Persian language and the fi rst publication on the comparison of Russian and Persian interrogative sentences, as well as on the relationship between admirativity and modal meanings in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences. The research objective was to perform a comparative analysis of admirativity in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and to study the situations in which this meaning conveys the surprise of the speaker from the availability or lack of possibility to perform a certain action. In both languages, admirativity can accompany the feeling of motivation in the subject of the speech act. The findings can be useful in teaching Russian as a foreign language.

Selection of a Higher Educational Institution by Foreign Students: Motives, Factors and Problems (Based on the Results of Sociological Studies)

The article presents the results of two sociological studies carried out for the purpose of research of motivation of obtaining a higher education and factors of selection of a higher educational institution by foreign students, revelation of problems and elaboration of recommendations for their solution. It was revealed that foreign students in general praise obtaining a higher education, and that motivational postulates of obtaining education include not only commercial goals but cultural as well. It was established that Russian education is praised by foreign students in terms of quality, and that foreign students seek Russian education purposefully. It was found that Russia is a financially attractive country for foreign students, including employment. The study demonstrated a great significance of the website and social media of a higher educational institute for making decision on obtaining education in this higher educational institute. The results of the study showed that the level of competence in higher educational institutes of the city conforms to the requirements of foreign students and satisfies their demands maximally. At the same time several problems were revealed relating to training of foreign students: language problems; problems in training; communicational problems; social and cultural problems and social and everyday problems. Several recommendations were made to solve those problems.

Effect of Coronavirus-19 on Mental Condition of International Students in China

Despite its importance, no study investigates the effects of COVID-19 on the mental condition of international students in China. By using data from international students in China, this study finds the positive and affirmative connection between fear of COVID-19 and generalized anxiety disorder among foreign students. Furthermore, this study reveals a negative association between fear of COVID-19 and the psychological well-being of foreign students in China. We also find that emotional intelligence has a positive and optimistic moderating influence on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and generalized anxiety disorder but it has not moderating effect on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological well-being. Our study contributes to the body and knowledge and offers new insights concerning the effects of COVID-19 on the mental condition of international students.

Economic analysis of the world export of educational services

The research looks at the export of educational services as one of the promising spheres for the development of international economic relations. The study focuses on the experience of developed supplier and recipient countries. The theoretical basis of the study is formed by the typology of ways to export services proposed in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The importance of the issue under consideration is due, among other things, to the fact that, according to forecasts, the number of foreign students wishing to obtain higher education will increase to 150 million in 2025, and the volume of exports of higher education will reach $30 billion, which is 3 % of the total volume of trade in OECD services. Most prior research focuses on methodological aspects of education; however, the experience of foreign countries is presented in a limited scope. Using the example of the USA in the context of the management training program, it is shown that a fairly broad methodological system is used abroad, allowing specialists from all over the world to acquire the necessary skills and develop competencies. It is obvious that the pandemic has led to a sharp reduction in the number of foreign students in Germany, as in other exporting countries of educational services. Of particular interest is the EdTech market, which is attractive in terms of its size and growth rates. The key barriers to the global market of educational services are, among other things, increased competition, the presence of a larger number of exporters-providers of educational services, more active classes at mass open online courses, active use of mobile devices; the use of learning models that include personalized and blended learning methods; increasing the degree of confidentiality of data; active development of the institute of continuing education in conjunction with the active use of advanced training courses and vocational training. The research is expected to provide valuable information about the balance of powers on the global market of educational services and will serve as an information base for further scientific research in the field.

КОМУНІКАТИВНИЙ МЕТОД У ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНОМУ ПІДХОДІ ДО НАВЧАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ІНОЗЕМНИХ СТУДЕНТІВ МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ

The way the communicative method functions in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian foreign students of medical specialties has been little studied, and that determines the relevance of this topic. It has been found that there is a controversy in scientific thought concerning the role of both communicative and grammar components of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. Moreover, modern textbooks do not provide sufficient exercises to develop professional communication. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of the communicative method in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian (as a foreign language), and to develop appropriate exercises and tasks. The conclusion is that in the process of learning to communicate in a foreign language, it is important for students to present and master grammatical material. Samples of tasks and exercises aimed at developing the communicative and grammar competence of foreign medical students in professional communication are presented.