Further Comments on Deleterious Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Sound

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Morley ◽  
Robert M. Abelson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Audiogenic Seizure ◽  
Repeated Exposure ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Seizure Susceptibility ◽  
Ultrasonic Sound

The use of ultrasonic sound as a means of controlling rat populations is questioned. The following points are discussed: (1) the processes of refraction and decreased audiogenic seizure susceptibility with repeated exposure to sound; (2) the genetic variability of the rat with respect to auditory behaviors; (3) the behavioral and physiological responses of organisms other than the rat; and (4) the behavioral responses of rats to ultrasonic sound at distances from the sound source. It is concluded that such a device may be effective under certain circumstances, but more data are needed with respect to the behavioral and physiological effects of ultrasonic sound before it is used for rat control.

Placebos and Movies: What Do They Have in Common?

2021 ◽  
pp. 096372142110038
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
What Matters

Placebos are fake therapies that can induce real therapeutic effects, called placebo effects. It goes without saying that what matters for inducing a placebo effect is not so much the fake treatment itself, but rather the therapeutic ritual that is carried out, which is capable of triggering psychobiological mechanisms in the patient’s brain. Both laypersons and scientists often accept the phenomenon of the placebo effect with reluctance, as fiction-induced clinical improvements are at odds with common sense. However, it should be emphasized that placebo effects are not surprising after all if one considers that fiction-induced physiological effects occur in everyday life. Movies provide one of the best examples of how fictitious reality can induce psychological and physiological responses, such as fear, love, and tears. In the same way that a horror movie induces fear-related physiological responses, even though the viewer knows everything is fake, so the sight of a syringe may trigger the release of pain-relieving chemicals in the patient’s brain, even if the patient knows there is a fake painkiller inside. From this perspective, placebos can be better conceptualized as rituals, actions, and fictions within a more general framework that emphasizes the power of psychological factors in everyday life, including the healing context.

Psycho-physiological responses of repeated exposure to natural and urban environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 104061
Author(s):  
Marc V. Jones ◽  
Christopher J. Gidlow ◽  
Gemma Hurst ◽  
Daniel Masterson ◽  
Graham Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Repeated Exposure

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF AUDIOGENIC SEIZURE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN THE MOUSE

Genetics ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 622-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L Fuller ◽  
Clarice Easler ◽  
Mary E Smith
Keyword(s):  
Audiogenic Seizure ◽  
Seizure Susceptibility

scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN SEVERE HEAD INJURY "A CLINICO RADIOLOGICAL STUDY"

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. I. D. Chaurasia ◽  
Dr. Avais Ahmed Khan ◽  
Dr. Neeraj Mane ◽  
Dr. Prateek Malpani ◽  
Dr. M. C. Songara
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Auditory Stimulation ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Overview:  Infants experience stressors. Stress responses in infants include physiological responses (HR and oxygen saturation) and behavioral responses (behavioral state, motor activity, and signs of behavioral distress). Modulation of the stress response in infants may reduce energy demands and enhance recovery. The characteristics of auditory stimulation provided by music differ from those of other types of auditory stimulation. The infants respond differently to music than to other random noises. This study was carried out to examine the effects of different types of music on vital signs of infants. Methodology: Thirty infants were included in the study. They were divided into two groups. Low and High pitched music was used with for two individual groups. The immediate effect was assessed through pre and post recordings for Heart rate, Reapiratory rate and O2 saturation level. Results: There was statistically significant change in Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate and O2 saturation individually. While comparing post data, except Heart Rate there was no significant difference found with both types of music. Conclusion: Low pitched music has better immediate effect than high pitched music Key words: High pitched music, Low pitched music, Infants

Physiological and Behavioral Reactions of Fishes to Temperature Change

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Crawshaw
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
Key Words Fish ◽  
Produce Acid

Teleost fishes possess a central nervous system thermoregulatory mechanism remarkably similar to that of other vertebrates. Inputs from peripheral and anterior brainstem thermosensitive elements are integrated to effect appropriate thermoregulatory responses. The integrated output signal from the thermoregulatory center also appears to provide an input to the respiratory system. Short-term deviations from a given temperature alter respiratory requirements, produce acid–base imbalance, and cause disturbances in fluid–electrolyte regulation. Acclimation to a given temperature involves changes that counteract these disturbances. Key words: fish, temperature change, behavioral responses, physiological responses, temperature regulation

Physiological bases for parasite-induced alterations of host behaviour

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Thompson ◽  
M. Kavaliers
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Behavioural Interactions ◽  
Host Behaviour ◽  
Pathological Consequence

SUMMARYParasitism is defined in various ways as an intimate relationship in which one partner, the parasite, lives on or in another, the host, generally at the expense of the latter. Parasitism commonly results in a unique array of host physiological responses and adaptations. Most studies of the physiological effects of parasitism have focused on the pathological consequence of infection and disease. While many physiological changes contribute to pathogenesis, it is now recognized that parasitic infections at sub-clinical levels also produce physiological effects that either ameliorate or may not contribute to the disease process. Moreover, these physiological changes are often manifested by altered host behaviour. Behavioural studies have enabled an ecological- and evolutionary-oriented evaluation of host responses. In this fashion, physiological effects may be assessed as to whether they affect fitness and confer benefit or harm to one or both of the symbionts involved. We briefly examine how these physiological responses, specifically neural, endocrine, neuromodulatory, and immunomodulatory components, may interact to modify host behaviours. We consider the adaptiveness of these responses and how the behavioural patterns elicited may simultaneously appear adaptive for the parasite as well as the host. In addition, we address how parasite-host physiological and behavioural interactions may be altered during the course of parasitism.

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