Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer who initially presented with respiratory failure.
Methods
A retrospective study analyzed the outcome of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer placed on mechanical ventilation (MV). We defined newly-diagnosed lung cancer as pathological or molecular results for treatment decisions not being out when the patient was admitted to ICU.
Results
During the 14-year inclusion period, 845 lung cancer patients requiring MV were screened. 56 newly diagnosed extensive lung cancer patients were analyzed. Cancer-related to central airway obstruction (n=29, 51.8%) was the leading cause of respiratory failure. The significant etiologies of delay in the diagnosis of lung cancer were diagnostic error, mistaking the cancer for tuberculosis, and missed hilar lesion. The 6-month survival was only 7.1% (n=4). SOFA score was significantly associated with mortality (HR = 1.144, 95% CI = 1.014-1.291, p = 0.028). The 6-month survival rate in patients receiving suitable targeted therapy and accepting chemotherapy and best supportive care was 40%(2/5), 0%(0/7), and 4.5%(2/44), respectively.
Conclusions
Patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer with acute life-threatening respiratory failure have poor outcomes. Cancer-related to central airway obstruction is a leading cause of respiratory failure. Diagnostic error as tuberculosis and missed hilar lesions are two main etiologies of delay in the diagnosis. The SOFA score is correlated with mortality. For patients with oncogenic mutation adenocarcinoma, after survival from critical condition, targeted therapy can raise their six month survival rates.