scholarly journals Functional morphometry of the pterygoid hamulus. A comparative study of modern and medieval populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
Iulian Komarnitki ◽  
Hanna Mankowska-Pliszka ◽  
Ewa Ungier ◽  
Dawid Dziedzic ◽  
Michal Grzegorczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Pterygoid Process ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract The pterygoid hamulus (PH) is located in the infratemporal fossa and is part of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone. Its location on the cranial base and the multitude of anatomical structures whose attachments lie on the surface of the pterygoid hamulus make it of high functional and topographic significance. Due to insufficient literature on the PH morphometry, we decided to study this issue using modern and archaeological material. In total, 99 observations were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis (50 - from modern times and 49 - from medieval times). On the basis of the statistical analysis, statistically significant differences in the length of PH were found with respect to age and sex. Statistically significant differences in the PH width were also noticed with respect to sex and the period of origin. The results obtained may help better understand the development mechanism of the pterygoid hamulus bursitis.

FENTON AND PHOTO-FENTON OXIDATION OF SULFIDIC SPENT CAUSTIC: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BASED ON STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ariffin Abu Hassan ◽  
Sharifah Hanis Yasmin Sayid Abdullah ◽  
Zainura Zainon Noor ◽  
Siti Fadilah Md Noor ◽  
Azmi Aris
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Spent Caustic

A mixed-methods examination of the gap between intelligence and adaptive functioning in autistic young adults without intellectual disability

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110183
Author(s):  
Nicole L Matthews ◽  
Kyla Christenson ◽  
Sarah Kiefer ◽  
Christopher J Smith
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Standardized Assessments ◽  
Service Needs

This study examined adaptive functioning, strategies used to develop adaptive functioning skills, and areas where additional services could benefit autistic young adults without intellectual disability. Participants were 21 autistic young adults and at least one parent of each young adult. Quantitative analyses replicated previous reports of an adaptive functioning disadvantage relative to intellectual functioning such that adaptive functioning standard scores were significantly lower than intelligence quotient scores. Qualitative analysis utilized grounded theory methodology and yielded a conceptual model describing the nature and development of adaptive functioning in this demographic. Together, findings provide a more nuanced understanding of the gap between intellectual and adaptive functioning in autistic young adults without intellectual disability. Lay abstract Adaptive functioning describes the age-appropriate skills necessary for independent living. Research suggests that autistic children, adolescents, and adults who do not have an intellectual disability demonstrate adaptive functioning challenges relative to their intellectual ability. Thus, even though many of these individuals have the intellectual capacity to excel in mainstream educational and vocational settings, their adaptive functioning challenges may serve as an obstacle to independence. The research on adaptive functioning in autistic adults is focused on statistical analysis of standardized assessments (e.g. parent-report on multiple choice questionnaires). Qualitative research that examines the narratives of young adults and their parents is needed to better understand adaptive functioning in young adults and their resulting service needs. This study combined statistical analysis of standardized assessments with qualitative analysis of interview responses from autistic young adults without intellectual disability and their parents. Findings replicated previous reports of adaptive functioning challenges and identified influences on adaptive functioning development, consequences of independence, and service needs. Taken together, findings indicate the need for interventions and services that facilitate adaptive functioning development in autistic adolescents and young adults and provide insight into potential intervention targets and strategies.

scholarly journals Anatomy of the Orbit

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 319-332
Author(s):  
Stefan Lieber ◽  
Juan C. Fernandez-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Orbital Apex ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Superior Orbital Fissure ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Transnasal Surgery ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

AbstractThe orbit is a paired, transversely oval, and cone-shaped osseous cavity bounded and formed by the anterior and middle cranial base as well as the viscerocranium. Its main contents are the anterior part of the visual system, globe and optic nerve, and the associated neural, vascular, muscular, glandular, and ligamentous structures required for oculomotion, lacrimation, accommodation, and sensation.A complex stream of afferent and efferent information passes through the orbit, which necessitates a direct communication with the anterior and middle cranial fossae, the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae, as well as the aerated adjacent frontal, sphenoidal, and maxillary sinuses and the nasal cavity.This article provides a detailed illustration and description of the microsurgical anatomy of the orbit, with a focus on the intrinsically complex spatial relationships around the annular tendon and the superior orbital fissure, the transition from cavernous sinus to the orbital apex. Sparse reference will be made to surgical approaches, their indications or limitations, since they are addressed elsewhere in this special issue. Instead, an attempt has been made to highlight anatomical structures and elucidate concepts most relevant to safe and effective transcranial, transfacial, transorbital, or transnasal surgery of orbital, periorbital, and skull base pathologies.

What do children say about tidy-up time? A comparative study of American and Taiwanese children’s perceptions of tidy-up time

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-460
Author(s):  
Satomi Izumi-Taylor ◽  
Chia-Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
Children's Perceptions ◽  
Children’S Perceptions ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Safe Environments

The purpose of this study was to examine the similarities and differences in American and Taiwanese children’s perspectives of tidy-up time. The participants consisted of 25 American kindergarteners in the southeastern US, and 25 Taiwanese kindergarteners from central Taiwan. Children were asked to respond to five questions regarding tidy-up time. Qualitative analysis of the data yielded four themes: transitions, clean and safe environments, work, and cooperation. All participants associated tidy-up time with transitions. They considered tidy-up as the notion of maintaining clean environments, but only Taiwanese children perceived it to be keeping the classroom safe. Also, all participants viewed such time as work, and as time to cooperate with each other. More Taiwanese children’s responses indicated how they and their teachers cooperate during cleaning as compared to their American counterparts.

scholarly journals Facial translocation approach to infratemporal fossa and cranial base in extensive angiofibroma: A review of 7 cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Udaya Chand Das ◽  
A. Stephen ◽  
Anitha Ross ◽  
Geetha Chary ◽  
Ashis K. Chand
Keyword(s):  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Cranial Base

PULMONARY LESIONS OF NEWBORN INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Landing
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Current Opinion ◽  
Pulmonary Lesions ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Hyaline Membranes ◽  
Acute Pneumonia ◽  
Age And Sex

The results of a statistical analysis of the relation of various lesions in the lungs of newborn infants to each other, and to the age and sex of the babies, are presented. The pulmonary lesions studied were: atelectasis, emphysema, interstitial emphysema, hemorrhage, acute pneumonia, edema, presence of squamous cells in alveoli, hyaline membranes, and immaturity. Of 45 possible relations analyzed (e.g., atelectasis and hyaline membranes, immaturity and acute pneumonia, etc.), 14 gave results significantly different from those due to chance. Of particular note, in view of current opinion on the genesis of neonatal pulmonary hyaline membranes, was the failure to demonstrate a significant relation of pulmonary edema to any of the other pulmonary lesions studied.

Rhotics of Taos, New Mexico Spanish: Variation and Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-264
Author(s):  
Donny A. Vigil
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Speech Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Word Position ◽  
Statistical Analysis Software ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Although some researchers report the normative production of the rhotics in Traditional New Mexico Spanish, others have reported variability, including the presence of an English-like vocalized rhotic. In the present study, 29 speakers of Spanish from Taos, a city in northern New Mexico, were interviewed and the rhotics of their speech were categorized, quantified and analyzed using speech analysis and multivariate statistical analysis software. The results show variation and change when compared to previous reports (both recent and of over a century ago). In spontaneous and elicited speech, ten distinct rhotic variants, subsequently recoded into five categories, were observed and quantified. Moreover, approximant and assibilated variants have notable frequencies and conditioning factors. VARBRUL analyses reveal phonological context, stress, word position, age, and sex as significant conditioning factors.

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