scholarly journals Land Consolidation in Slovakia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Jarmila Lazíková ◽  
Zuzana Lazíková
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Land Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
The Law ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
The Eu

AbstractLand consolidation in the Slovak Republic is an important legal institute for fragmented agricultural land, which makes it difficult not only for the agricultural land market but also for the rational and efficient use of agricultural land. The necessity of land consolidation was already realized by the peasants in Slovakia at the beginning of the 20th century, when they voluntarily began to exchange the land. The law maker in Slovakia, however, did not realize the need for the arrangement of land relations until the year 1989, when the Law No. 229/1991 Coll. on the regulation of ownership relations to land and other agricultural property and Law No. 330/1991 Coll. on land arrangements, settlement of land ownership rights, district land offices, the Land Fund and land associations as amended were adopted. Moreover, land consolidation also addresses the development of the countryside and, last but not least, increases rural attractiveness for the inhabitants themselves. Rural development also belongs to the priorities of the EU. Thus, the implementation of the land consolidation projects is not only a wish of the owners or private investors, but also one of the ways to realize the goals of Slovakia and even of the European Union.

scholarly journals Democracy Towards Authoritarianism Under Illiberal Populist Leaders in Hungary and Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Onvara Vadhanavisala
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Court System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
The Eu

Abstract A quarter of a century ago, the Soviet Union dissolved and the Cold War ended. Now the current political era involves a broad challenge to liberal democracy in the European Union. Central European countries such as the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Republic of Poland, and the Slovak Republic (‘the Visegrád Group’) joined the EU in 2004 with the hope that the post-Cold War era would be one of peace and stability in Europe, including (most importantly) the expansion of Europe’s democracy. A turning point came in 2014, however, when the Syrian refugee crisis hit the EU and caused a political ‘about face’. The European refugee and migrant crisis have strengthened right-wing populism among the European countries, including the Visegrád group. Obviously there are certainly similarities between the populist rhetoric of Hungary’s ruling party, Fidesz, and the Law and Justice party (known as PiS) which is governing the Republic of Poland. The two countries appear to be following the same path of becoming ‘illiberal democratic’ states. The templates of authoritarianism which both countries have adopted involve the following: the restriction of civil society and the independence of the media, control of the judiciary and the court system, together with the transformation of the constitutional framework and electoral law in order to consolidate power. This paper analyses two examples of authoritarian populist leaders: first, Viktor Orbán, the Prime Minister of Hungary of the Fidesz Party and, second, Jarosław Kaczyński, a leader of the Law and Justice Party (PiS) in Poland. A brief description of each is provided as a background for the discussion which follows.

scholarly journals Legal Frame of Agricultural Land Succession and Acquisition by Legal Persons in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (30) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Attila Dudás
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Legal Entities

The rules on the succession and transfer of agricultural land in Serbia may be characterised as liberalistic. There are no special inheritance regimes applicable specifically to the succession of agricultural land. There is only the possibility of an heir, engaged in agricultural production, to request that the court name him the sole heir of the agricultural land, with the obligation to compensate others. Similarly, the transfer of agricultural land by inter vivos transaction is also essentially devoid of any serious legal restrictions, either for natural persons or for legal entities. There is no cap on the acquisition of ownership, nor must the buyer prove that he or she is, in fact, engaged in agricultural production. Serbian law excludes the possibility of foreign persons or legal entities acquiring ownership of agricultural land. According to the Stabilisation and Association Agreement concluded with the European Union, it was expected that Serbia would gradually enable natural persons and legal entities from the member states of the EU to acquire ownership of agricultural land by no later than 1 September 2017 when the four-year period for the implementation of this obligation expired. Seemingly, in order to fulfil the obligation, the Serbian National Assembly amended the Law on Agricultural Land in August 2017. The amendments explicitly regulate under which conditions natural persons and legal entities from the EU may acquire ownership of agricultural land. However, even a superficial reading of the new regulation reveals that the opposite effect has been achieved. Instead of enabling natural persons and legal entities from the EU to obtain ownership of agricultural land on equal footing with domestic natural persons and legal entities, the legislature created a set of special conditions applicable only to the former but not to the latter. Moreover, the conditions are so strict that no legal entity could meet them, while natural persons only hypothetically could, if at all. Therefore, it seems that the 2017 amendments to the Law on Agricultural Land hardly aimed to implement the Stabilisation and Association Agreement.

scholarly journals Natural, production and economic conditions individual farms and enterprises of restructuring in the Slovak Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
P. Bielik ◽  
J. Pokrivčák ◽  
V. Jančíková ◽  
M. Beňo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Natural Production ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
The Eu

In the framework of Slovakia preparation for entering the European Union, there was done a Phare-ACE survey in years 1999–2000. The name of this survey was “Micro-economic analysis of farming households restructuring in pre-accession period to the EU”. This survey was done in two regions of Slovakia, characterized by different natural conditions, production and economic conditions. This project was aiming not only at private farmers but also at other legal entities producing agricultural products. The first monitored group consisted of 412 private farmers, farming in average 43.2 ha of agricultural land. The second group consisted of 150 businesses, having 1,866 ha of agricultural land in average.

scholarly journals Agricultural land market in selected regions of the Slovak Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Š. Buday
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Land Price ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Real Market

One of the conditions of accession of Slovakia into the European Union is the existence of a developed land market. At present, the official land price is mostly used in the evaluation of agricultural land. The price was calculated on the basis of normative production and normative costs required to achieve such production. As the land market gradually develops, market prices come into being; reflecting the effect of real market forces. With the full-fledged market prices, the task of official prices will be just an informative one. The land market prices will gradually assume all the tasks of the current official prices of the agricultural land.

scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF TOBACCO AND TOBACCO PRODUCTS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC AND IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Barbara Pavlíková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The contribution deals with the Slovak and the EU legal regulation of tobacco and tobacco products. Its primary purpose is to point out the Slovak and European legal acts which constitute the main regulatory instruments in this field using the method of analysis and synthesis. Rules of production, distribution and conditions of use of tobacco and products thereof are in the Slovak Republic contained mainly in two acts - the Act No 335/2011 Coll. on Tobacco Products and the Act No 377/2004 Coll. on the Protection of Non-smokers, as well as in special Decree No 212/2012 Coll., regulating tobacco products. Regulation of excise duty on tobacco products can be found in the Act with the same name - Act No 106/2004 Coll.. Another objective of the paper is also to draw attention to the amendment of Act on Protection of Non-smokers which entered into force on 1 July 2013. The European Union struggles with the negative consequences of smoking at the supranacional level and its institutions - the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council of the EU - are already for several years adopting legal acts to facilitate uniformity and easier interpretation of European law also in the field of legal regulation of tobacco and tobacco products. The predominant part of the existing legislation deals with the approximation of laws in areas that are closely related to the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco products, but also to the collection of taxes from these products.

Effektivität des Grundrechtsschutzes in der Europäischen Union

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Law ◽  
European University ◽  
The Eu

The volume includes contributions from a meeting of the Frankfurt Institute for the Law of the European Union of the Faculty of Law of the European University Viadrina on the effectiveness of the protection of fundamental rights in the EU on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the legal binding nature of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. With contributions by Markus Rau, LL.M.; Dr. Peter Szczekalla; Prof. apl. Dr. Carmen Thiele; RA Dr. Christian Hilbrandt; Prof. Dr. Walter Frenz; Prof. Dr. Ines Härtel; Clara Pira Machel and Gabriel N. Toggenburg.

The Performance of Agricultural Land Management Work in the Context of Needs, Illustrated with an Example of Agricultural Land Consolidations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Dudzinska
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
Land Fragmentation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Agricultural Land Management

In the situation where Poland has been a member of the European Union since 2004, agricultural land consolidation has been co-financed with EU funds. This has resulted in an increase in the number of carried out land consolidations throughout Poland. Co-financing of this consolidation work has also introduced the need for a different understanding of the essence of agricultural land consolidation. According to Dacko (see Dacko 2006), the main goal of land consolidation should be to improve the quality of rural life, and not only to increase agricultural production. Land consolidation measures should be initiated to revive the countryside by encouraging continuous economic and political development of the local community, while protecting and rationally managing natural resources. The local community should participate democratically in land consolidation and in defining new forms of land use that make the most of the local potential. Currently in Poland, the choice of a location for the implementation of consolidation work not only depends on the farm land layout and land fragmentation also on the farmers who apply for the implementation of consolidation work in the particular area. Social acceptance is the key prerequisite for successful land consolidation. This fact has resulted in the agricultural land consolidation taking place not only in the areas in which the needs determined on the basis of the farm land layout and land fragmentation are most unfavorable. The paper comparatively analyses the determined needs as regards consolidation work in Poland, and the implementation of this work since 2004. The research employed the following methods: analysis and synthesis of the literature, field inventory, and research from the group of spatial-statistical approaches. The study area covered Poland, and in particular the selected region.

scholarly journals Official agricultural land price in the Slovak Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
K. Bradáčová
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Income Effect ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Price ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Land Site

As long as the land market in Slovakia is not completely developed and land market prices introduced, the officially assigned land prices are practically in use. At the present time, land prices should express the supply prices, which cover the income effect of the land site under the socially necessary costs. In this situation, for the temporary period, centrally assigned fixed land prices could represent the effective supply and demand prices in case they correspond to the mentioned conditions. At present, the official prices are used for fiscal purposes and the land property rights.

The Agricultural Land Market in the EU and the Case for Better Data Provision

EuroChoices ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Loughrey ◽  
Trevor Donnellan ◽  
Kevin Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Data Provision ◽  
The Eu
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