scholarly journals Beetles and nematodes associated with wither Scots pines

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Olena Andreieva ◽  
Oleksandr Korma ◽  
Olena Zhytova ◽  
Ivan Martynchuk ◽  
Anatoliy Vyshnevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Model Trees ◽  
Xylophagous Insects ◽  
Baermann Method ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractThis study focused on the occurrence of xylophagous beetles and nematodes in the different parts of Pinus sylvestris L. trees of different health condition in the pure stands in Zhytomyr region (Central Polissya). Stem fragments with thin, thick and transitional bark, branches and twigs were examined in each of 12 model trees. Xylophagous beetles were identified by adults or by galleries. Nematodes were isolated from wood samples in the laboratory using the Baermann method and identified by morphometric characteristics. Among 10 species of xylophagous beetles, Ips acuminatus (frequency 16.7%; dominance 17.9%) and I. sexdentatus (frequency 11.1%, dominance 54.6%) dominated, which prefer the fragments with thin and thick bark respectively. No xylophagous beetle was found in the healthy and slightly weakened trees. Among 15 nematode species, 40% were saproxylic, 33.3% entomophilic, 13.3% phytophagous, and by 6.7% predators and species associated with fungi. An entomophilic nematodes Cryptaphelenchus macrogaster f. acuminati was common in all parts of stem and branches (frequency of occurrence 25–33.3%). An entomophilic nematodes Parasitorhabditis acuminati and a predator Fuchsia buetschlii acuminati had the highest frequency of occurrence (41.7%) under the thin bark and in the branches. The frequency of these species in colonized with xylophagous insects stem fragments with thin bark was significantly higher than in respective not colonized fragments.

Redescription and synonymization of Oscheius citri Tabassum, Shahina, Nasira and Erum, 2016 (Rhabditida, Rhabditidae) from India and its taxonomical consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rana ◽  
A.H. Bhat ◽  
A.K. Chaubey ◽  
V. Půža ◽  
J. Abolafia
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Indian Strain ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Abstract A population of a nematode species belonging to the genus Oscheius was isolated in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Morphological and morphometrical studies on this species showed its high similarity with six species described previously from Pakistan (Oscheius citri, O. cobbi, O. cynodonti, O. esculentus, O. punctatus and O. sacchari). The molecular analysis of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences of the Indian population and the six species described from Pakistan showed that all the sequences are almost identical. Thus, based on morphological and molecular characteristics, all of the six above-mentioned Pakistani species and Indian strain do not differ from each other, hence can be considered synonyms. The correct name for this taxon is the first described species O. citri. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA and the 28S rDNA sequences showed that Oscheius citri is sister to the clade formed by O. chongmingensis and O. rugaoensis from China. The high similarity of morphological and morphometric characteristics of O. citri and other species, O. maqbooli, O. nadarajani, O. niazii, O. shamimi and O. siddiqii, suggest their conspecificity; however, lack of molecular data for these species does not allow this hypothesis to be tested.

Nematodes belonging to the Trichostrongylidae, Subuluridae, Rhabdiasidae, and Trichuridae from bandicoots.

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Mawson
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Specific Variation

Parasites are recorded from Isoodon obesulus (Shaw) (Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania), I. nauticus Thomas (South Australia), Perameles nasuta Geoffroy (Queensland), and P. gunni Gray (Tasmania). Nematode species described are : Trichostrongy1idae. - Nicollina iota, sp. nov.; Austrostrongylus acinocercus, sp. nov.; Mackerrastrongylus peramelis (Johnston & Mawson) (syn. Filarinema peramelis Johnston & Mawson); Peramelistrongylus skedastos, gen. et sp. nov.; Asymmetracantha tasmaniensis, gen, et sp, nov. Subuluridae. - Labiobulura peramelis (Baylis); L. peragale (Johnston & Mawson); L. baylisi, sp. nov.; L. inglisi, sp. nov. Rhabdiasidae. - Parastrongyloides australis, sp, nov. Trichuridae. - Trichurus peramelis Baylis. Unnamed species are Nicollina sp., Austrostrongylus sp., and Capillaria sp. Notes have been given where possible on the frequency of occurrence of nematodes, and of each species of nematode, in the bandicoots. Some interesting subspecific variation in Peramelistrongylus skedastos and a specific variation in the species of Labiobulura are both linked partly with the geographical range of the host. Further work on a wider range, both geographical and specific, of bandicoots is projected.

scholarly journals Desmids (Zygnematophyceae) from the littoral zone of an urban artificial lake: taxonomic aspects and geographical distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Akemy Nabeshima Aquino ◽  
Gabriela Medeiros ◽  
Jascieli Carla Bortolini ◽  
Cinthia Coutinho Rosa Favaretto ◽  
Douglas Ticiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
New Records ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Municipal Lake

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the taxonomic aspects and geographical distribution of the periphytic desmids from two different substrates in the littoral zone of an urban artificial lake. Methods Samples of epiphytic and epilithic desmids were collected by grass and rock scraping, respectively, in two stations in the Cascavel municipal lake, Paraná, during April 2015, and March 2016 and 2017. In the laboratory, the taxa obtained from the samples were photographed and their morphometric characteristics recorded. The species composition of the desmid was characterized, and the frequency of occurrence as well as the geographic distribution of each taxon in the Paraná State were recorded. Results We identified 35 taxa, distributed in 10 genera. The most representative were Closterium Nitzsch ex Ralfs and Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs. A high occurrence of sporadic taxa (60%) was observed and among the recorded taxa, the most frequent were Cosmarium pseudoconnatum Nordstedt var. pseudoconnatum and Desmidium grevillei (Kützing ex Ralfs) De Bary. Nine taxa were exclusive to the epilithic substrate and only Netrium digitus (Ralfs) Itzigsohn & Rothe var. digitus was exclusive to the epiphytic substrate, while the remaining 25 taxa occurred in both substrates. Seven taxa are new records for the Paraná State. Conclusion Although our results are of qualitative nature, they provide baseline data on the biogeographic distribution of taxa, which are crucial for future taxonomic and ecological studies that might contribute to the preservation of the biodiversity.

scholarly journals Parasitofauna of European bison Bison bonasus (L.) in Borecka Forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDER W. DEMIASZKIEWICZ ◽  
WOJCIECH BIELECKI ◽  
ANNA RODO ◽  
ANNA M. PYZIEL ◽  
KATARZYNA J. FILIP
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Ashworthius Sidemi ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Estimate Prevalence ◽  
Paramphistomum Cervi ◽  
Baermann Method ◽  
Haemonchus Placei

The aim of the study was to determine the parasite species occurring currently in European bison from the Borecka Forest and to estimate prevalence and intensity of their infections. Anatomopathological and parasitological necropsy of four bison from the Borecka Forest has been carried out. 24 bison faecal samples were also analyzed using flotation, decantation and the Baermann method. As a result of performed necropsies and coproscopical analysis, 13 nematode species, 2 species of flukes and 7 species of coccidia were found. In comparison with previous studies, parasitofauna of European bison from the Borecka Forest has been augmented with 6 nematodes species (Ashworthius sidemi, Haemonchus placei, Aonchotheca bilobata, Ostertagia antipini, Ostertagia lyrata and Trichuris ovis), 1 species of fluke (Paramphistomum cervi) and 3 species of coccidia (Eimeria auburnensis, E. canadensis and E. alabamensis). All necropsied bisons were infected with nematodes A. sidemi. The Borecka Forest has been recognized as a new focus of ashwortiosis. Post-mortem examinations confirm the role of parasites, both nematodes and flukes, in the formation of gross lesions in infected bisons. .

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF INSTRUMENTAL METHODS IN TRUNKS ASSESSMENT OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Elena Runova ◽  
Ivan Garus ◽  
Anastasiya Muhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Sound Pulse ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Model Trees ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
The City

Assessment of stem wood quality in urban environment is relevant due to the fact that trees felled under increased wind load cause enormous damage to the city economy and lead to human losses. The aim of the study was to assess the viability of growing Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees using pulsed tomography and drilling resistance measurements. Research in coniferous forest plots included the development during the construction of the city. Arbotom® equipment of the German company RINNTECH was used to study the trunk by pulsed tomography. Drilling method was used (Resistograph® 4450 device) to estimate the relative density of the stem wood. A total of 20 model trees were examined: 10 trees each on 2 test plots. An instrumental-visual description was compiled for each tree: height and diameter, girth of the trunk at the root neck and at breast height, the shape and length of the crown, the shape of the trunk, the presence of visible defects in the trunk were visually determined. It was found that the average speed of sound pulse in the wood of the studied model trees fluctuates in the range of 1003-1349 m/s. The research based on the data of instrumental study of the quality of stem wood (Scots pine) at the age of 60-70 under the conditions of intense exposure to industrial emissions and recreational load. Zones of local wood destruction have been clearly defined in the structure of the density distribution. Comparison of the results (obtained by two different assessment methods of wood state at the same object) shows high degree of comparability. The parallel use of two measuring instruments in assessing the growing tree state increases the accuracy of the obtained data and enables more reliable determination of emergency trees, areas of their maximum destruction and, as a consequence, the most probable direction of tree fall.

Parasitofauna of European bison Bison bonasus (L.) in Borecka Forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6056-2018
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDER W. DEMIASZKIEWICZ ◽  
WOJCIECH BIELECKI ◽  
ANNA RODO ◽  
ANNA M. PYZIEL ◽  
KATARZYNA J. FILIP
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Ashworthius Sidemi ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Estimate Prevalence ◽  
Paramphistomum Cervi ◽  
Baermann Method ◽  
Haemonchus Placei

The aim of the study was to determine parasite species occurring currently in European bison from the Borecka Forest and to estimate prevalence and intensity of their infections. Anatomopathological and parasitological necropsy of four bison from the Borecka Forest has been carried out. 24 bison faecal samples were also analyzed using flotation, decantation and the Baermann method. As a result of performed necropsies and coproscopical analysis 13 nematode species, 2 species of flukes and 7 species of coccidia were found. In comparison with previous studies, parasitofauna of European bison from the Borecka Forest enriched with 6 nematodes species (Ashworthius sidemi, Haemonchus placei, Aonchotheca bilobata, Ostertagia antipini, Ostertagia lyrata and Trichuris ovis), 1 species of fluke (Paramphistomum cervi) and 3 species of coccidia (Eimeria auburnensis, E. canadensis and E. alabamensis). All necropsied bisons were infected with nematodes A. sidemi. The Borecka Forest has been recognized as a new focus of ashwortiosis. Post-mortem examinations confirm role of parasites, both nematodes and flukes, in formation of gross lesions in infected bisons.

scholarly journals Effect of Watering Regime on Disease Development in Pinus sylvestris Seedlings Inoculated with Bursaphelenchus vallesianus and B. mucronatus

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polomski ◽  
D. Rigling
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Nematode Population Density ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Dead Plant

Several Bursaphelenchus spp. have been detected in declining pine trees in Europe during intensive monitoring for the pine wood nematode B. xylophilus. We investigated the pathogenicity of B. vallesianus and B. mucronatus, isolated from declining Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests in Valais (Switzerland), in relation to drought stress. Four isolates of B. vallesianus and two isolates of B. mucronatus were inoculated into 3-year-old P. sylvestris trees, which were subjected to different watering treatments (50, 100, 150, and 250 ml of water per pot, biweekly). Disease symptoms, plant mortality, nematode population density, and nematode distribution in dead plants were assessed. Both Bursaphelenchus spp. proved highly pathogenic to the seedlings and watering treatment affected disease development in the inoculated pine trees. With decreasing water supply, we observed faster disease progress and higher pine mortality for both Bursaphelenchus spp. The overall mortality 70 days after inoculation was 60, 92, 95, and 100% for B. vallesianus and 40, 95, 100, and 100% for B. mucronatus in the 250-, 150-, 100-, and 50-ml watering treatments, respectively. Both nematode species multiplied in the inoculated plants; however, B. mucronatus had higher population densities than B. vallesianus in all watering treatments (on average, 33,159 versus 14,702 nematodes/dead plant compared with the initial inoculum density of 6,000 nematodes/plant). The highest nematode density was found in the lower part of the stem. About 7 to 16% of the nematodes were extracted from the roots. This study demonstrated that B. vallesianus has a pathogenicity potential comparable with that of B. mucronatus and provided experimental evidence that drought stress can result in increased symptoms caused by either Bursaphelenchus sp.

scholarly journals Occurrence and geographical distribution of cyst nematodes in cereals and grassland in the Slovak Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Renčo ◽  
A. Čerevková
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Cereal Fields

AbstractA study of occurrence and geographical distribution of cyst-forming nematodes in monocultural cereal fields and multispecies grassland vegetation in Slovak Republic revealed the presence of two species of Heterodera: H. avenae and H. schachtii. The frequency of occurrence of H. avenae was 37.8 % in cereal fields and 3.3 % in grassland. Cysts of H. schachtii were found only in cereal fields along with cysts of H. avenae, in the western part of country. The occurrence of other graminaceous cyst nematode species was not recorded.

scholarly journals Territorial distribution alleles of SSR-loci of chloroplast DNA of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
V. E. Padutov ◽  
D. I. Каgаn ◽  
S. I. Ivanovskaya ◽  
O. Yu. Baranov ◽  
O. A. Razumova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Ssr Loci

Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the main forest forming species in Belarus, which cover 49.2 % of the country’s forested area. The aim of the study was to investigate spatial distribution of microsatellite (SSR) alleles (chloroplast DNA) and identify the features of the genetic structure and genogeographic differentiation of P. sylvestris populations in Belarus. Molecular genetic analysis of six SSR loci of Scotch pine cpDNA in samples form 73 naturally originated stands was carried out. 35 allelic variants of loci PCP1289, PCP4507, PCP83314, PCP71987, PCP26106, PCP30277 were identified. The analysis of the geographic distribution of the dominant allelic variants showed that the population structure of the pine forest is rather homogeneous. Certain regional differences in a number of cases were found for less common, but also widespread variants. One group of alleles is characterized by an increase or decrease in the frequency of occurrence in the direction from the southwest to the northeast. Another group includes allelic variants which share is maximal in the zone covering the Grodno region, the southwestern part of the Minsk region and the Gomel region, while to southwest and to northeast from this zone their frequency of occurrence decreases or is absent. A number of alleles were found only in one of the analyzed stands or in a limited area, which may indicate their local origin as a result of spontaneous mutations. The obtained results are important both from a general biological point of view in studying the evolution and formation of the genetic structure of P. sylvestris in Belarus, and from a practical point of view, since they allow to improve the forest seed zoning of the species.

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