Detection of molecular markers for chloroquine and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine resistance in imported cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Poland

AbstractThe identified mutations in the pfcrt, dhfr and dhps genes of Plasmodium falciparum show a very high correlation with resistance to chloroquine, pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine, the drugs that are still used as malaria chemoprophylaxis or treatment. We undertook a molecular screening of 82 Polish P. falciparum isolates, mainly imported from different countries of sub-Saharan Africa to assess their molecular drug-resistance profiles. Only 4 isolates showed no mutations in the three analyzed gene fragments. In the remaining isolates from one to six mutations in one or more examined genes were found. Different mutations in the pfcrt, dhfr and dhps genes were found in ca. 76%, 80% and 70% of P. falciparum isolates, respectively. About forty our patients used chloroquine or pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine as malaria chemoprophylaxis and/or antimalarial treatment, but without success. In all but 5 of the P. falciparum isolates obtained from these persons, mutations associated to resistance of the parasite to chloroquine and the antifolate drugs were found.

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Cost-Effectiveness of the Introduction of a Pre-Erythrocytic Malaria Vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Analysis of Uncertainties Using a Stochastic Individual-Based Simulation Model of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2011.06.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1028-1038 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Nicolas Maire ◽

Samuel D. Shillcutt ◽

Damian G. Walker ◽

Fabrizio Tediosi ◽

Thomas A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Falciparum Malaria ◽

Malaria Vaccine ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Individual Based Simulation ◽

Expanded Program On Immunization

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Therapeutic Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Northern Ethiopia

Malaria Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/548710 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gebremedhin Kinfu ◽

Solomon Gebre-Selassie ◽

Nigus Fikrie

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Clearance Time ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cure Rate ◽

Fever Clearance Time ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Introduction. Multidrug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum is spreading throughout Africa. This has posed major challenges to malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in North Ethiopia. Methods. This prospective study was undertaken during August–November 2009 on 71 malaria patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria set by the WHO. Patients were followed up for 28 days. Thick and thin blood films were prepared by Giemsa stain for microscopy to determine parasite density. A standard six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine was administered over three days and was followed up with clinical and parasitological evaluations over 28 days. Results. The cure rate (ACPR) was found to be high (97.2%) in this study. The parasite and fever clearance time was also rapid. Artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the study area showed 97.2% cure rate and only 2.8% failure rate. Conclusion. The result showed that the drug could continue as first line for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the study area. The efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine needs to be carefully monitored periodically in sentinel sites representing different areas of the country.

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