Population density of the predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on various pear cultivars in organic and integrated orchards

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Praslička ◽  
Janka Schlarmannová ◽  
Barbora Matejovičová ◽  
Ján Tancík
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Typhlodromus Pyri ◽  
Population Densities

AbstractDuring an experiment carried out in 2009–2010 we observed different population densities of Typhlodromus pyri in three monitored pear cultivars in Organic Pest Management (OPM) as well as Integrated Pest Management (IPM) orchards. In both years the population density of T. pyri was the highest in the cultivar Conference (organic orchard). The lowest population density was found in 2009 on the cultivar Dicolor (IPM orchard) and in 2010 on the cultivar Bohemica. Factors involved are discussed.

scholarly journals Intercropping Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) with Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum) Reduces Major Pest Population Densities without Impacting Natural Enemy Populations

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Li ◽  
Xin-xin Lu ◽  
Zhi-jun Zhang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jin-ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Population Suppression

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect of intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital to the success of an integrated pest management approach, varies in different intercropping systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported to be repellent to many insect species. In this study, the impact of sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping on pest population suppression was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and the effect of rosemary intercropping on natural enemy population dynamics was investigated. The results showed that intercropping rosemary with sweet pepper significantly reduced the population densities of three major pest species on sweet pepper, Frankliniella intonsa, Myzus persicae, and Bemisia tabaci, but did not affect the population densities of their natural enemies, the predatory bug, Orius sauteri, or parasitoid, Encarsia formosa. Significant pest population suppression with no adverse effect on released natural enemy populations in the sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping system suggests this could be an approach for integrated pest management of greenhouse-cultivated sweet pepper. Our results highlight the potential of the integration of alternative pest control strategies to optimize sustainable pest control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Four Bait Traps for Sampling Wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Infesting Cereal Crops in Montana

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 117954331770927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuar Morales-Rodriguez ◽  
Aracely Ospina ◽  
Kevin W Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Bait Traps ◽  
Cereal Fields

The basic principles of a reliable integrated pest management program include pest identification, monitoring, and distribution. Selecting the appropriate sampling protocol to monitor wireworm for research or applied entomology depends on the objective, including simply detecting the presence or absence of wireworm, surveying the composition of wireworm assemblages, or estimating spatial and temporal population densities. In this study, the efficacy of pitfall, stocking, pot, and canister traps baited with wheat and barley mixtures was evaluated for monitoring wireworm populations in four commercial cereal fields in Montana. Pitfall and stocking traps collected greater numbers of wireworm (1625 and 1575, respectively) followed by pot-type and canister-type traps (1173 and 725, respectively). The 5098 wireworm collected from four sites included seven species: Aeolus mellillus, Agriotes sp, Dalopius sp, Hypnoidus bicolor, Limonius californicus, Limonius infuscatus, and S. aeripennis.

Predatory mites of the Phytoseiidae family in integrated and ecological pest management systems in orchards in Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Praslička ◽  
Andrea Barteková ◽  
Janka Schlarmannová ◽  
Radovan Malina
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Typhlodromus Pyri ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Amblyseius Andersoni ◽  
Phytoseiulus Macropilis ◽  
The Family

AbstractDuring 2005–2007, 1,332 individuals of predatory mites were found in integrated and ecological orchards in Slovakia. Seven predatory mite species of the family Phytoseiidae, namely Phytoseius echinus, Phytoseiulus macropilis, Euseius finlandicus, Typhlodromus pyri, Paraseiulus triporus, Amblyseius andersoni and Neoseiulella tiliarum, were identified. Out of 1,332 individuals, 519 (39.0%) were found in the apple orchards and 813 (61.0%) in the pear orchards. Out of all predatory mite individuals, 460 (34.5%) were found in the integrated pest management system (IPM) and 872 (65.5%) in the ecological pest management system (EPM). In apple orchards, P. echinus was dominant and constituted 49.3% of the detected mites. In pear orchards, E. finlandicus was dominant and constituted 48.7% of the detected mites. Typhlodromus pyri was also abundant, especially in pear orchards. The other species were less abundant.

scholarly journals Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Legner ◽  
Gregory L. Tylka ◽  
Santosh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Soybean Diseases

AbstractSoybeans are an important crop for global food security. Every year, soybean yields are reduced by numerous soybean diseases, particularly the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). It is difficult to visually identify the presence of SCN in the field, let alone its population densities or numbers, as there are no obvious aboveground disease symptoms. The only definitive way to assess SCN population densities is to directly extract the SCN cysts from soil and then extract the eggs from cysts and count them. Extraction is typically conducted in commercial soil analysis laboratories and university plant diagnostic clinics and involves repeated steps of sieving, washing, collecting, grinding, and cleaning. Here we present a robotic instrument to reproduce and automate the functions of the conventional methods to extract nematode cysts from soil and subsequently extract eggs from the recovered nematode cysts. We incorporated mechanisms to actuate the stage system, manipulate positions of individual sieves using the gripper, recover cysts and cyst-sized objects from soil suspended in water, and grind the cysts to release their eggs. All system functions are controlled and operated by a touchscreen interface software. The performance of the robotic instrument is evaluated using soil samples infested with SCN from two farms at different locations and results were comparable to the conventional technique. Our new technology brings the benefits of automation to SCN soil diagnostics, a step towards long-term integrated pest management of this serious soybean pest.

scholarly journals Natural enemies in alternative plants during the soybean and corn offseason in Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e42479
Author(s):  
Eduardo Engel ◽  
Mauricio Paulo Batistella Pasini ◽  
Daniele Caroline Hörz ◽  
Aline Hesel ◽  
Daniel Rapachi Barassuol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Identifying the behavior of natural enemies during the crop offseason is a key tool for integrated pest management. The objective of this work was to evaluate the population density of natural enemies of the plants Chloris distichophylla, Andropogon bicornis, and Erianthus angustifolium and to analyze the influence of the structural complexity of these plants on the present population. During the offseasons of 2014, 2015, and 2016, 150 plants of each species were evaluated and subdivided into different clump diameters. The species Lycosa spp., Eriops connexa, Cicloneda sanguinea, Coleomegilla quadrifasciata, Lebia concinna, and Harmonia axyridis were identified. A. bicornis was the plant with the highest population density, followed by C. distichophylla and E. angustifolium. Plants with greater structural complexities sheltered a higher population density of natural enemies.

Effects of Selected Pesticides on the Predatory Mite, Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Soo Kim ◽  
Sang Gi Seo ◽  
Jong Dae Park ◽  
Seon Gon Kim ◽  
Do Ik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Amblyseius Cucumeris ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Effects of field rates of selected pesticides to the predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. Five of the pesticides tested, acequinocyl, bifenazate, spirodiclofen, spinosad and thiamethoxam, had little effect on the survival and reproduction of A. cucumeris adult females and eclosion of eggs deposited by treated predators. Moreover, hatch percentage of A. cucumeris eggs was unaffected by exposure to these five pesticides. Etoxazole did not seriously affect the survival and reproduction of adult female predators but caused significant lower eclosion in eggs laid by treated females and 100% egg mortality. Thiacloprid, imidacloprid, fipronil and chlorfenapyr had considerable toxic effect on A. cucumeris adult females. Pyraclofos, abamectin and emamectin benzoate were very toxic to adult female predators. Based on the results, acequinocyl, bifenazate, spirodiclofen, spinosad and thiamethoxan appear to be promising candidates for use in integrated pest management programs where A. cucumeris is the major natural enemy.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

Prospects for Integrated Pest Management of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Washington Tree Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Beers ◽  
Adrian Marshall ◽  
Jim Hepler ◽  
Josh Milnes
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Tree Fruits
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