scholarly journals Sex chromosome composition revealed in Characidium fishes (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) by molecular cytogenetic methods

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Pazian ◽  
Claudio Oliveira ◽  
Fausto Foresti
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Pericentromeric Region ◽  
W Chromosome ◽  
Degenerate Oligonucleotide ◽  
Clone Sequence ◽  
Positive Hybridization

AbstractThe W chromosome of the fishes Characidium cf. fasciatum, Characidium sp. and Characidium cf. gomesi is heterochromatic, as is usually seen in most Characidium species. Samples of W-chromatin were collected by mechanical microdissection and amplified by DOP-PCR (degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction), to be used as painting probes (DCg and CgW) and for sequence analysis. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) with DCg probe painted the whole W chromosome, the pericentromeric region of Z chromosomes and the terminal region of B chromosomes. DOP-PCR-generated fragments were cloned, sequenced and tested by in situ hybridization, but only CgW4 produced positive hybridization signals. Clone sequence analysis recovered seven distinct sequences, of which six did not reveal any similarity to other known sequences in the GenBank or GIRI databases. Only CgW9 clone sequence was recognized as probably derived from a Helitron-transposon similar to that found in the genome of the zebrafish Danio rerio. Our results show that the composition of Characidium’s W chromosome does seem rich in repetitive sequences as well as other W chromosomes found in several species with a ZW sex-determining mechanism.

The pericentromeric heterochromatin of the grass Zingeria biebersteiniana (2n = 4) is composed of Zbcen1-type tandem repeats that are intermingled with accumulated dispersedly organized sequences

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verity A Saunders ◽  
Andreas Houben
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Pericentromeric Region ◽  
Pericentromeric Heterochromatin ◽  
Repeat Family ◽  
Dna Reassociation ◽  
Copy Dna

DNA reassociation and hydroxyapatite chromatography were used to isolate high-copy DNA of the grass Zingeria biebersteiniana (2n = 4). In situ hybridization demonstrated that the DNA isolated was enriched for pericentromere-specific repetitive sequences. One abundant pericentromere-specific component is the differentially methylated tandem-repeat family Zbcen1. Other sequences isolated, Zb46 and Zb47A, are dispersed and display similarity to parts of the gypsy- and copia-like retrotransposable elements of other grasses. In situ hybridization with the copia-like sequence Zb47A resulted in dispersed labelling along the chromosome arms, with a significant signal accumulation in the pericentromeric region of all chromosomes. It is concluded that the pericentromeric heterochromatin of Z. biebersteiniana is composed of members of the Zbcen1 tandem repeat family and that these tandem arrays are intermingled with accumulated putative copia-like retrotransposon sequences. An observed Rabl interphase orientation suggests that the length of the chromosomes rather than the genome size is the determining factor of the Rabl phenomenon.Key Words: centromere, heterochromatin, tandemly repeated DNA, retrotransposon-like, DNA reassociation.

Laser isolation of plant sex chromosomes: studies on the DNA composition of the X and Y sex chromosomes of Silene latifolia

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles P. Scutt ◽  
Yasuko Kamisugi ◽  
Philip M. Gilmartin ◽  
Fukumi Sakai
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Silene Latifolia ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Mitotic Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Degenerate Oligonucleotide ◽  
Plant Sex Chromosomes

X and Y sex chromosomes from the dioecious plant Silene latifolia (white campion) were isolated from mitotic metaphase chromosome preparations on polyester membranes. Autosomes were ablated using an argon ion laser microbeam and isolated sex chromosomes were then recovered on excised fragments of polyester membrane. Sex chromosome associated DNA sequences were amplified using the degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP–PCR) and pools of DOP–PCR products were used to investigate the genomic organization of the S. latifolia sex chromosomes. The chromosomal locations of cloned sex chromosome repeat sequences were analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and data complementary to laser ablation studies were obtained by genomic in situ hybridization. In combination, these studies demonstrate that the X and Y sex chromosomes of S. latifolia are of very similar DNA composition and also that they share a significant repetitive DNA content with the autosomes. The evolution of sex chromosomes in Silene is discussed and compared with that in another dioecious species, Rumex acetosa.Key words: FISH, GISH, laser-microdissection, sex chromosome, Silene latifolia.

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Analysis of Sex-Chromosome Mosaicism in Azoospermic Men

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROSHI OKADA ◽  
MASAKI DOBASHI ◽  
TAKAFUMI YAMAZAKI ◽  
MASATO FUJISAWA ◽  
SOICHI ARAKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Hybridization Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Mosaicism

scholarly journals Ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia: molecular analysis of ABL insertion into M-BCR on chromosome 22

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1812-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Morris ◽  
N Heisterkamp ◽  
MA Kennedy ◽  
PH Fitzgerald ◽  
J Groffen
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Chromosome 22 ◽  
Chromosome 9Q34

Abstract Leukemic cells from a patient with Ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) had a normal karyotype. M-BCR was rearranged and chromosome in situ hybridization showed an ABL insertion between 5′ and 3′ M-BCR on an apparently normal chromosome 22. The association of 5′ BCR and 3′ ABL at the 5′ junction of the chromosome 9 insert was typical of that found for the BCR-ABL fusion gene in other patients with the standard t(9;22) and CML. With an M-bcr-3′ probe, we cloned and characterized a 3′ junction fragment. Field inversion gel electrophoresis and chromosome in situ hybridization studies using a probe isolated from genomic DNA 5′ of the junction showed that 3′ M-BCR was joined to a region of chromosome 9q34 rich in repetitive sequences and lying some distance 3′ of ABL. The chromosome 9 insert was at least 329 kilobases long and included 3′ ABL and a larger portion of chromosome 9q34. Our results allowed us to exclude transposon- or retroviral-mediated insertion of ABL into chromosome 22. Instead, we favored a two- translocation model in which a second translocation reconstituted a standard t(9;22)(q34;q11) but left the chromosome 9 insert, including 3′ ABL, in chromosome 22.

Karyotype Evolution and Distinct Evolutionary History of the W Chromosomes in Swallows (Aves, Passeriformes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suziane A. Barcellos ◽  
Rafael Kretschmer ◽  
Marcelo S. de Souza ◽  
Alice L. Costa ◽  
Tiago M. Degrandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Karyotype Evolution ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Z Chromosome ◽  
W Chromosome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Agnor Staining ◽  
History Of

As in many other bird groups, data on karyotype organization and distribution of repetitive sequences are also lacking in species belonging to the family Hirundinidae. Thus, in the present study, we analyzed the karyotypes of 3 swallow species (Progne tapera, Progne chalybea, and Pygochelidon cyanoleuca) by Giemsa and AgNOR staining, C-banding, and FISH with 11 microsatellite sequences. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 76 in all 3 species, and NORs were observed in 2 chromosome pairs each. The microsatellite distribution pattern was similar in both Progne species, whereas P. cyanoleuca presented a distinct organization. These repetitive DNA sequences were found in the centromeric, pericentromeric, and telomeric regions of the macrochromosomes, as well as in 2 interstitial blocks in the W chromosome. Most microchromosomes had mainly telomeric signals. The Z chromosome displayed 1 hybridization signal in P. tapera but none in the other species. In contrast, the W chromosome showed an accumulation of different microsatellite sequences. The swallow W chromosome is larger than that of most Passeriformes. The observed enlargement in chromosome size might be explained by these high amounts of repetitive sequences. In sum, our data highlight the significant role that microsatellite sequences may play in sex chromosome differentiation.

Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Studies on the Sex Chromosome Constitution of Human Sperm

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dineen ◽  
A. Nolan ◽  
J. Harrington ◽  
A. Greer ◽  
R. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Chromosome Constitution
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