The influence of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) on the immunohistochemical characteristics of noradrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers supplying the porcine urinary bladder wall

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lepiarczyk ◽  
A. Bossowska ◽  
J. Kaleczyc ◽  
M. Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Chemical Coding ◽  
Urinary Bladder Wall ◽  
Muscle Coat ◽  
Cholinergic Nerve Fibers

The influence of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) on the immunohistochemical characteristics of noradrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers supplying the porcine urinary bladder wall Botulinum toxin (BTX) belongs to a family of neurotoxins which strongly influence the function of autonomic neurons supplying the urinary bladder. Accordingly, BTX has been used as an effective drug in experimental therapies of a range of neurogenic bladder disorders. However, there is no detailed information dealing with the influence of BTX on the morphological and chemical properties of nerve fibres supplying the urinary bladder wall. Therefore, the present study investigated, using double-labeling immunohistochemistry, the distribution, relative frequency and chemical coding of cholinergic and noradrenergic nerve fibers supplying the wall of the urinary bladder in normal female pigs (n=6) and in the pigs (n=6) after intravesical BTX injections. In the pigs injected with BTX, the number of adrenergic (DβH-positive) nerve fibers distributed in the bladder wall (urothelium, submucosa and muscle coat) was distinctly higher while the number of cholinergic (VAChT-positive) nerve terminals was lower than that found in the control animals. Moreover, the injections of BTX resulted in some changes dealing with the chemical coding of the adrenergic nerve fibers. In contrast to the normal pigs, in BTX injected animals the number of DβH/NPY- or DβH/CGRP-positive axons was higher in the muscle coat, and some fibres distributed in the urothelium and submucosa expressed immunoreactivity to CGRP. The results obtained suggest that the therapeutic effects of BTX on the urinary bladder might be dependent on changes in the distribution and chemical coding of nerve fibers supplying this organ.

Botulinum toxin type A-induced changes in the chemical coding of dorsal root ganglion neurons supplying the porcine urinary bladder

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bossowska ◽  
M. Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Chemical Coding ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Botulinum toxin type A-induced changes in the chemical coding of dorsal root ganglion neurons supplying the porcine urinary bladder Botulinum toxin type A (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin, which in recent years has been effectively applied in experimental treatments of many neurogenic disorders of the urinary bladder. BTX is a selective, presynaptically-acting blocking agent of acetylcholine release from nerve terminals what, in turn, leads to the cessation of somatic motor and/or parasympathetic transmission. However, application of this toxin in urological practice is still in the developmental stages and the full mechanism of its action remain elusive. Thus, the present study was aimed at investigating the neurochemical characterization of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons supplying the porcine urinary bladder after BTX treatment. Retrograde tracer Fast Blue (FB) was injected into the urinary bladder wall in six juvenile female pigs and three weeks later, intramural bladder injections of BTX (100 IU per animal) were carried out in all the animals. After a week, DRG from L1 to Cq1 were harvested from the pigs and neurochemical characterization of FB+ neurons was performed using double-labeling immunofluorescence technique on 10-μm-thick cryostat sections. BTX injections led to a significant decrease in the number of FB+ neurons containing substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), calbindin (CB), somatostatin (SOM) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) when compared with that found in the healthy animals (19% vs. 45%, 18% vs. 36%, 0.6% vs. 3%, 0.4 vs. 4% and 0.1% vs. 6%, respectively) These data demonstrated that BTX changed the chemical coding of bladder sensory neurons, and therefore this drug should be taken into consideration when it planning experimental therapy of selected neurogenic bladder disorders.

scholarly journals Botulinum Toxin Type A Induces Changes in the Chemical Coding of Substance P-Immunoreactive Dorsal Root Ganglia Sensory Neurons Supplying the Porcine Urinary Bladder

Toxins ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4797-4816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bossowska ◽  
Ewa Lepiarczyk ◽  
Urszula Mazur ◽  
Paweł Janikiewicz ◽  
Włodzimierz Markiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Chemical Coding

258 DISTRIBUTION AND NEUROCHEMISTRY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A RECEPTORS IN THE URINARY BLADDER

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Coelho ◽  
P. Dinis ◽  
R. Pinto ◽  
T. Gorgal ◽  
C. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type
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