scholarly journals Determination Of Some Biological Characteristics Of Poppy Root Weevils (Ethelcus denticulatus (Schrank) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) For Struggle

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Mahmut İSLAMOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Root Weevils ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Effective Temperatures

With this project, it is aimed to determine the time of the struggle with the poppy root weevils (Ethelcus denticulatus Schrank) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which is the most important pest of poppy fields (Papaver somniferum L.) (Rhoedales; Papaveraceae). According to the findings, it has been determined that after the second week of March in the Uşak province, poppy root weevils start to emerge from the soil and adults may be found until the first week of July. The most important factor in the emergence of the pests from soil to surface is temperature. In the second week of March in which effective temperature reached to 14 ºC, the poppy root weevils started to emerge to the soil surface in 2014 and 2015. Peak of the poppy root weevils was determined to be in the second week of April. The sum of effective temperatures at this date was determined to be 70.6 ºC in 2014 and 90.4 ºC in 2015. After the poppy root weevil’s emergence reached the peak, the first larvae began to appear about 10 days later. According to this, when the insect populations are the highest and the sum of effective temperatures is 70 - 90 ºC, it is suggested to make chemical struggle.  

scholarly journals Effective Temperatures of Stars with “Standard” Angular Diameters

1985 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 465-467
Author(s):  
I. N. Glushneva
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Astronomical Institute ◽  
Joint Determination ◽  
Sternberg Astronomical Institute ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Angular Diameters

For 12 stars from the list of stars with “standard” angular diameters (Fracassini et al. 1983), effective temperatures, bolometric corrections, radii and luminosities were determined. These stars are included in the stellar spectrophotometric catalog of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute and three of them were used as spectrophotometric standards. A comparison was made of Teff obtained directly using angular diameters from the list of Fracassini et al. (1983) and by means of joint determination of Teff and θ (Blackwell and Shallis 1977). For 7 stars the differences in Teff values don't exceed 1–1.5% and the maximum discrepancies are about 6% for BS 2294, 2943 and 4% for the spectrophotometric standard α Aql (BS 7557). Effective temperature values of α Lyr obtained by these two methods are in the agreement within 0.5%.

The Determination of Angular Diameters of Stars

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 713-720
Author(s):  
John Davis
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Spectral Energy Distribution ◽  
Stellar Atmospheres ◽  
Angular Diameter ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Limb Darkening ◽  
Angular Diameters

Ideally the determination of the angular diameter of a star would include the measurement of the distribution of intensity across the stellar disc. However, direct methods of measuring angular diameters have so far lacked adequate ‘signal to noise’ ratio to measure the intensity distribution and it has been the custom, in the first instance, to express the measured angular diameter in terms of the angular diameter of the equivalent uniform disc (θUD). Subsequent use of the angular diameter involves the assumption of a limb-darkening law and the application of an appropriate correction to θUD to find the ‘true’ angular diameter (θLD) of the star (e.g. Hanbury Brown et al., 1967). In this article we will discuss the determination of θUD for single stars and we will not refer further to the more difficult problems of determining intensity distributions involving limb-darkening and rotational effects and of measuring the angular parameters of binary systems.By itself the angular diameter of a star has no intrinsic value but when it is combined with other observational data it enables basic physical properties of the star to be determined. It is then possible to make a direct comparison of the observed properties of the star with the predictions of theoretical models of stellar atmospheres and interiors. For example, the combination of an angular diameter with the absolute monochromatic flux received from the star (ƒν), corrected for interstellar extinction, yields the absolute emergent flux at the stellar surface (). If the spectral energy distribution for the star is known it can be calibrated absolutely by and hence the effective temperature (Te) of the star can be found (this is equivalent to knowing the bolometric correction for the star and using it with the angular diameter to find Te). In addition to leading to the determination of Te, the absolute surface flux distribution may be compared directly with the predicted flux distributions for theoretical model stellar atmospheres (e.g. Davis and Webb, 1970). For O and early B. type stars a large fraction of the emergent flux is in the far ultra-violet and the effective temperatures cannot be determined from the, at present, incomplete empirical flux curves. In these cases it is possible to obtain an estimate of the effective temperatures by using the values of to calibrate a grid of model atmospheres which have Te as a parameter. In this way, by measuring the angular diameters of stars of different spectral types, it is possible to establish an effective temperature scale.

Effects of some abiotic factors on the exit of poppy root weevils (Ethelcus denticulatus Schrank) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from overwintering area

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Islamoðlu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Root Weevils ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Overwintering Area

With this study, it is aimed to determine the effects of some abiotic factors on the exit of poppy root weevils (Ethelcus denticulatus Schrank) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from their overwintering area. Poppy root weevils is the most important harmful pest of poppy fields (Papaver somniferum L.) (Rhoedales; Papaveraceae). According to the findings, the first adults were seen on the soil on March 10, 2014. It has been observed that as the temperature of the air increases, the number of adults on the soil surface also increases. Thus, it was determined that the number of adults in square meters reached the highest level on April 21, 2014. After this date, it was determined that the number of wintering adults decreased gradually. While the first insect on the surface of the field was caught on March 09, 2015 in the second year. It was determined that the number of highest poppy root weevils caught on the soil surface and in the traps was on April 13, 2015. After this date, it was determined that both the trapped insects and their numbers in m2 decreased. There were significant (P£0.05) correlations between the poppy root weevil exit from their overwintering area and soil temperature (r=0.648, r2=0.461, n=84 P=0.000) and temperature (r=0.59, r2=0.277, n=84, P=0.004) whereas there was no significant correlation between it and soil moisture (r=0.310, r2=0.021, n=84, P=0.466), humidity (r=0.32, r2=0.108, n=84, P=0.87) and rain (r=0.38, r2=0.101, n=84, P=0.73).

Time Determination of Conducting Senication of Rice Crops Taking Into Account the Sum of Effective Temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-504
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Sheudzhen ◽  
T. N. Bondareva ◽  
P. N. Kharchenko ◽  
I. A. Doroshev ◽  
Kh. D. Khurum
Keyword(s):  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
Effective Temperatures

scholarly journals Features of the phenological phases of introduced strawberry cultivars in the conditions of the Orel region

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
M. I. Zubkova ◽  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
I. E. Evtikhova
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars ◽  
Phenological Phases

Relevance. The study of the timing and duration of individual phases of the development of strawberry cultivars of different ecological and geographical origin in these climatic conditions is of great practical importance. The purpose of the study was the determination of the timing of the main phenophases of introduced strawberry cultivars in the Orel region, the compliance of the phenorhythms of the studied cultivars with climatic conditions, as well as the ranking of the cultivars by the terms of flowering and maturation.Methods and materials. The article presents the results of phenological observations for the period 2016-2019. 34 strawberry cultivars of domestic and foreign selection were studied. The research was carried out at the VNIISPK site of primary variety study.Results. Based on long - term observations, on the time of entry into the flowering and fruiting phase, the cultivars were ranked into early, medium and late-maturing. The influence of effective temperatures on the onset of phenophases was analyzed. The sum of effective temperatures necessary for the beginning of flowering of strawberry cultivars of different maturation periods in the conditions of the Orel region was determined. For the onset of strawberry flowering, it takes from126.68 to 260.37°effective temperatures. Early cultivars need the sum of effective temperatures of 126.68-197.55°, cultivars of middle maturation need 146.31-225.44°, late cultivars - 159.93-260.37 depending on the year of study. Fruiting occurs at the sum of effective temperatures in early cultivars from 351.73°C to 465.43°C, in middle-maturing cultivars from 390.96 to 535.44°C, in late-maturing cultivars from 450°C to 649°C.

scholarly journals Features of seasonal growth of Arundo donax var. versicolor Mill. (Stokes) in the conditions of the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
T. O. Shcherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Plant Shoots

Purpose. To define of phenological and morphological features of A. donax var. versicolor growth during the introduction in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Methods. The object of research was the plants of A. donax var. versicolor in the collection of ornamental grasses of the department of flower and ornamental plants of NBG. The plants were grown on a sunny experimental area during 2014–2020. Since under NBG conditions, A. donax var. versicolor did not enter the flowering phase, the beginning of the phases of spring regrowth, leaf unfolding, and the end of the growing season were recorded. Morphometric parameters and shoot-forming ability were investigated for 3–5 years of cultivation. Results. The beginning and duration of the phases of shoot spring regrowth and the unfolding of leaves of A. donax var. versicolor as well as their dependence on the sum of effective temperatures was established. Thus, spring regrowth begins with renewal buds on May 11 ± 5 days at the effective temperature sums of 226.6 ± 19.7 °С. The phase of leaf development in plants occurred on May 20 ± 7 days. The effective temperature sum at the beginning of this phase was 309.45 ± 11.66 °C. The productivity of shoot formation (1.6 ± 0.3 shoot per plant) under the conditions of introduction was determined. Conclusions. A. donax var. versicolor plants did not have a full cycle of seasonal development in the conditions of the NBG. Plants formed vegetative monocyclic shoots 240–260 cm tall. The duration of their vegetation was 182–189 days. The optimal period for the growth of the ground mass of plants fell on July-August. During this period, the leaves were quickly formed, the number of which was 28.8 ± 6.68 on the shoot. The correlation between the rate of accumulation of effective temperatures and the rate of regrowth of plant shoots was recorded.

scholarly journals Sum of Effective Temperatures in Colorado Beetle Control

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bandyk ◽  
Anna Tratwal ◽  
Magdalena Jakubowska ◽  
Andrzej Podleśny
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Beetle ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Effective Temperatures

Determination of effective temperatures of hydrogenated and deuterated alcohols using the VESUVIO spectrometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 164948
Author(s):  
J. Dawidowski ◽  
L.A. Rodríguez Palomino ◽  
G. Romanelli ◽  
G.J. Cuello ◽  
J.I. Márquez Damián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperatures

On the Effective Temperatures of Extended Photospheres

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chandrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Optical Depth ◽  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Boltzmann Constant ◽  
Thermodynamical Equilibrium ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium

For material stratified in parallel planes in local thermodynamical equilibrium we have Milne's well-known result thatwhere πF is the constant net integrated flux of radiation, τ is the optical depth and B is the “ergiebigkeit” which is related to the temperature T by the relationσ being the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. If we define the effective temperature by the relationwe have from (1)where T1 is the temperature ar τ = 1. In this note we establish a similar result for extended photospheres where the curvature of the outer layers is properly taken into account.

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