scholarly journals Race, Gender and "Difference": Representations of "Third World Women" in International Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana Abraham
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Canadian International Development Agency ◽  
Women In Development ◽  
Third World Women ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Representations Of Women ◽  
Images Of Women

AbstractThis paper analyses images of international development through a study of the ways in which development representations produce and circulate “difference” with respect to women and the developing world. Through both overt and subtle narratives, representations of women as “different,” “distant” and “other” construct both the object and subject of development. The paper discusses the process by which racialization operates in development through gender as a signifying practice. Based on a doctoral study of communication materials of Women in Development (WID) images produced by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the paper analyses images of women of the developing world in communication materials attached to major campaigns during the Women in Development (WID) period. WID represents an important legacy of today’s prevalent images of women in development. The paper situates this legacy within the colonial roots of development and its representations, which include historical constructions of the "third world woman" that intricately reproduce a range of colonial images and practices. Images of "third world women" have become development’s most eminent symbol, yet many continue to communicate static and predictable views about the developing world.

Bearing Burdens

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-151
Author(s):  
William O. Walker
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Third World ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Civic Action ◽  
The Third ◽  
American Century ◽  
Alliance For Progress ◽  
Agency For International Development ◽  
The Third World

This chapter assesses the various obstacles impeding the expansion of the American Century from early 1961 through 1964. Numerous problems, including Laos, Berlin, the Cuban missile crisis, and Vietnam brought into question John F. Kennedy’s leadership. His response too often minimized consultation with allies and, across the Third World, increasingly focused on security and stability through civic action programs, overseen by the Office of Public Safety in the Agency for International Development—to the great detriment, for example, of experiments like the Alliance for Progress. Meanwhile, the rise of multinational corporations and deficit-induced flight of gold thwarted Kennedy’s and Lyndon Johnson’s economic policies, while weakening America’s hegemony and credibility.

“Comradely Brainwashing”: International Development, Labor Education, and Industrial Relations in the Cold War

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Schuhrke
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Cold War

In 1962, the AFL-CIO launched its government-funded labor education project in Latin America — the American Institute for Free Labor Development (AIFLD) — to spread the tenets of anticommunist, “free” trade unionism. From its earliest days, leftists and anti-imperialists accused the Institute of being a CIA front with the mission of “brainwashing” Third World workers into becoming counterrevolutionaries. While AIFLD was indisputably a Cold War program aligned with US foreign policy objectives, its goal of proselytizing US-style industrial relations should not be understood solely as a CIA-manufactured ploy. It was also the product of a broader social-scientific vision in the 1950s and 1960s to rapidly “modernize” the Third World and to stabilize labor conflict through rational, pluralist industrial relations.

Foreign Intervention in Medical Education: A Case Study of the Rockefeller Foundation's Involvement in a Thai Medical School

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Third World ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Foreign Intervention ◽  
Foundation Program ◽  
The Third World

A case study of the process of foreign intervention in medical education in the developing world is presented. Material collected from the Rockefeller Foundation Archives on a Foundation program in Thailand is used to analyze the conditions under which foreign agencies and their personnel intervene in the development of medical professionals in the Third World and to study the problems that may occur as a result of such intervention. The importance of value consensus and the competitive advantage foreigners have in the marketing of professional models are highlighted as reasons for the diffusion of Western models of medical education throughout the developing world.

The Queer Third World

2020 ◽  
pp. 214-235
Author(s):  
Ilan Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Queer Theory ◽  
Third World ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Nation States ◽  
World Nation ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Sides

This chapter assesses the relationship between the concepts of “queer” and “Third World,” and attempts to group them in their common inheritance of subjugation and disparagement and their shared allegiance precisely to nonalignment and a radical politics (of development). In assembling both terms one is struck by how, in the mainstream discourse of international development, the Third World comes off looking remarkably queer: under Western eyes, it has often been constructed as perverse, abnormal, and passive. Its sociocultural values and institutions are seen as deviantly strange — backward, effete, even effeminate. Its economic development is depicted as abnormal, always needing to emulate the West, yet never living up to the mark. For their part, post-colonial Third World nation-states have tended to disown and purge such queering — by denying their queerness and, in fact, often characterizing it as a “Western import” — yet at the same time imitating the West, modernizing or Westernizing sociocultural institutions, and pursuing neoliberal capitalist growth. The chapter claims that the Western and Third World stances are two sides of the same discourse but, drawing on Lacanian queer theory, also suggests that a “queer Third World” would better transgress this discourse by embracing queerness as the site of structural negativity and destabilizing politics.

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