scholarly journals The emergence of amnion epithelial stem cells for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney McDonald ◽  
Christopher Siatskas ◽  
Claude C.A. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells

scholarly journals The Synergistic Anti-Apoptosis Effects of Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cell Conditioned Medium and Ponesimod on the Oligodendrocyte Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Safaeinejad ◽  
Sareh Asadi ◽  
Shiva Ghafghazi ◽  
Hassan Niknejad
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
S1p Receptor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. The current treatment of Multiple sclerosis is based on anti-inflammatory disease-modifying treatments, which can not regenerate myelin and eventually neurons. So, we need new approaches for axonal protection and remyelination. Amniotic epithelial stem cells amniotic epithelial cells, as a neuroprotective and neurogenic agent, are a proper source in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Due to differentiation capability and secretion of growth factors, AECs can be a candidate for the treatment of MS. Moreover, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators were recently approved by FDA for MS. Ponesimod is an S1P receptor-1 modulator that acts selectively as an anti-inflammatory agent and provides a suitable microenvironment for the function of the other neuroprotective agents. In this study, due to the characteristics of AECs, they are considered a treatment option in MS. The conditioned medium of AECs concurrently with ponesimod was used to evaluate the viability of the oligodendrocyte cell line after induction of cell death by cuprizone. Cell viability after treatment by conditioned medium and ponesimod was increased compared to untreated groups. Also, the results showed that combination therapy with CM and ponesimod had a synergistic anti-apoptotic effect on oligodendrocyte cells. The combination treatment with CM and ponesimod reduced the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, Bax, and Annexin V proteins and increased the relative BCL-2/Bax ratio, indicating inhibition of apoptosis as a possible mechanism of action. Based on these promising results, combination therapy with amniotic stem cells and ponesimode could be a proper alternative for multiple sclerosis treatment.

A common mechanism links activities of butyrate in the colon

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit S. Verma ◽  
Michael J. Fink ◽  
Gabriel L Salmon ◽  
Nadine Fornelos ◽  
Takahiro E. Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Compounds

Two biological activities of butyrate in the colon (suppression of proliferation of colonic epithelial stem cells and inflammation) correlate with inhibition of histone deacetylases. Cellular and biochemical studies of molecules similar in structure to butyrate, but different in molecular details (functional groups, chain-length, deuteration, oxidation level, fluorination, or degree of unsaturation) demonstrated that these activities were sensitive to molecular structure, and were compatible with the hypothesis that butyrate acts by binding to the Zn<sup>2+</sup> in the catalytic site of histone deacetylases. Structure-activity relationships drawn from a set of 36 compounds offer a starting point for the design of new compounds targeting the inhibition of histone deacetylases. The observation that butyrate was more potent than other short-chain fatty acids is compatible with the hypothesis that crypts evolved (at least in part), to separate stem cells at the base of crypts from butyrate produced by commensal bacteria.

scholarly journals Stem Cells in the Path of Light, from Corneal to Retinal Reconstruction

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Samoila ◽  
Lacramioara Samoila
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Stem Cells Transplantation ◽  
Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells

The future of eye reconstruction invariably includes stem cells transplantation. Corneal limbus, corneal stroma, trabeculum, retinal cells, optic nerve, and all structures that are irreversibly damaged and have no means to be repaired or replaced, through conventional treatment or surgery, represent targets for stem cell reconstruction. This review tries to answer the question if there is any clinical validation for stem therapies, so far, starting from the cornea and, on the path of light, arriving to the retina. The investigation covers the last 10 years of publications. From 2385 published sources, we found 56 clinical studies matching inclusion criteria, 39 involving cornea, and 17 involving retina. So far, corneal epithelial reconstruction seems well validated clinically. Enough clinical data are collected to allow some form of standardization for the stem cell transplant procedures. Cultivated limbal epithelial stem cells (CLET), simple limbal epithelial transplant (SLET), and oral mucosa transplantation are implemented worldwide. In comparison, far less patients are investigated in retinal stem reconstructions, with lower anatomical and clinical success, so far. Intravitreal, subretinal, and suprachoroidal approach for retinal stem therapies face specific challenges.

scholarly journals Correction to: Clinical feasibility of umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil H. Riordan ◽  
Isabela Morales ◽  
Giselle Fernández ◽  
Nicole Allen ◽  
Neal E. Fearnot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Tissue

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of multiple sclerosis

Life Sciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 116830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Rostami Mansoor ◽  
Ebrahim Zabihi ◽  
Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Potential Use
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