This paper aims a comparative analysis at county level concerning urban andrural population access to sanitation services in the context of EUaccession. Partially coverage of population to such services contributes toillegal dumping of waste generated and uncollected.Furthermore, wastemanagement facilities are inappropriate, particularly in small cities orrural areas. Comparative analysis of urban vs. rural population served bywaste collection services using thematic cartography highlights, on the onehand, the existing disparities within a county and on the other handreflects the regional disparities across Romania.The demographic,socioeconomic and geographic differentiations between urban and rural areasamplify these gaps that prevent from the implementation of an effectivewaste management system at national scale.Thematic maps highlights thaturban population is not fully covered by sanitation services while in ruralareas less than half of population has access to these services.Also,insome counties, vulnerability to illegal dumping is high in both rural andurban areas.