scholarly journals On Smoother Attributions using Neural Stochastic Differential Equations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Jha ◽  
Rickard Ewetz ◽  
Alvaro Velasquez ◽  
Susmit Jha
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Stochastic Differential Equations ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
Small Perturbations

Several methods have recently been developed for computing attributions of a neural network's prediction over the input features. However, these existing approaches for computing attributions are noisy and not robust to small perturbations of the input. This paper uses the recently identified connection between dynamical systems and residual neural networks to show that the attributions computed over neural stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are less noisy, visually sharper, and quantitatively more robust. Using dynamical systems theory, we theoretically analyze the robustness of these attributions. We also experimentally demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in providing smoother, visually sharper and quantitatively robust attributions by computing attributions for ImageNet images using ResNet-50, WideResNet-101 models and ResNeXt-101 models.

The role of genericity in the history of dynamical systems theory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Roque
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Singularity Theory ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
Henri Poincaré ◽  
New Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equation Différentielle

This article examines the role of genericity in the development of dynamical systems theory. In his memoir ‘Sur les courbes définies par une équation différentielle’, published in four parts between 1881 and 1886, Henri Poincaré studied the behavior of curves that are solutions for certain types of differential equations. He successfully classified them by focusing on singular points, described the trajectories’ behavior in important particular cases and provided new methods that proved to be extremely useful. This article begins with a discussion of singularity theory and its influence on the first definitions of genericity, along with the application of the notions of structural stability and genericity to understand dynamical systems. It also analyzes the Smale conjecture and how it was proven wrong and concludes with an overview of changes in the definitions of genericity meant to describe the ‘dark realm of dynamics’.

Selection, Optimization, Compensation, and Equilibrium Dynamics

GeroPsych ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Boker
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Equilibrium Dynamics ◽  
Current Article

One of the major theoretic frameworks through which human development is studied is a process-oriented model involving selection, optimization, and compensation. These three processes each provide accounts for methods by which gains are maximized and losses minimized throughout the lifespan, in particular during later life. These processes can be cast within the framework of dynamical systems theory and then modeled using differential equations. The current article will review basic tenets of selection, optimization, and compensation while introducing language and concepts from dynamical systems. Four categories of interindividual differences and intraindividual variability in dynamics are then described and discussed in the context of selection, optimization, and compensation.

scholarly journals Some elements for a history of the dynamical systems theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 053110
Author(s):  
Christophe Letellier ◽  
Ralph Abraham ◽  
Dima L. Shepelyansky ◽  
Otto E. Rössler ◽  
Philip Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Musical Participation

2021 ◽  
pp. 102986492098831
Author(s):  
Andrea Schiavio ◽  
Pieter-Jan Maes ◽  
Dylan van der Schyff
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
Coordination Dynamics ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
The Core ◽  
Interactive Dynamics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Scholarship ◽  
Core Features

In this paper we argue that our comprehension of musical participation—the complex network of interactive dynamics involved in collaborative musical experience—can benefit from an analysis inspired by the existing frameworks of dynamical systems theory and coordination dynamics. These approaches can offer novel theoretical tools to help music researchers describe a number of central aspects of joint musical experience in greater detail, such as prediction, adaptivity, social cohesion, reciprocity, and reward. While most musicians involved in collective forms of musicking already have some familiarity with these terms and their associated experiences, we currently lack an analytical vocabulary to approach them in a more targeted way. To fill this gap, we adopt insights from these frameworks to suggest that musical participation may be advantageously characterized as an open, non-equilibrium, dynamical system. In particular, we suggest that research informed by dynamical systems theory might stimulate new interdisciplinary scholarship at the crossroads of musicology, psychology, philosophy, and cognitive (neuro)science, pointing toward new understandings of the core features of musical participation.

scholarly journals Coevolving institutions and the paradox of informal constraints

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Daniel Seligson ◽  
Anne E. C. McCants
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Dynamical Systems Theory ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
Long Run

Abstract We can all agree that institutions matter, though as to which institutions matter most, and how much any of them matter, the matter is, paraphrasing Douglass North's words at the Nobel podium, unresolved after seven decades of immense effort. We suggest that the obstacle to progress is the paradigm of the New Institutional Economics itself. In this paper, we propose a new theory that is: grounded in institutions as coevolving sources of economic growth rather than as rules constraining growth; and deployed in dynamical systems theory rather than game theory. We show that with our approach some long-standing problems are resolved, in particular, the paradoxical and perplexingly pervasive influence of informal constraints on the long-run character of economies.

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