The interaction of two conical shock waves, one converging and straight and the
other diverging and curvilinear, in an axisymmetric flow was investigated both
experimentally and numerically. A double-loop hysteresis was discovered in the course of
the experimental investigation. The double-loop hysteresis consisted of a major one,
associated with the interaction between the boundary layer and the wave
configuration, and a minor one, associated with the dual-solution phenomenon, which is known
to be non-viscous-dependent. The minor hysteresis loop was found to be an internal
hysteresis loop of the major one. As expected the numerical Euler calculations failed
to detect the viscous-dependent major hysteresis loop but did succeed in obtaining
the non-viscous-dependent minor (internal) hysteresis loop. In addition, multiple
hysteresis loops, associated with the interaction between the shock wave configuration
and the edge of the curvilinear mobile cone were also observed. The non-viscous
minor hysteresis loop involved different overall shock wave reflection configurations,
and the other hysteresis loops involved the same shock wave reflection configuration
but different flow patterns.
Balanced Temperature Estimated from Minor Hysteresis Loop Measurements of La-Sr-Mn-Cu Perovskite for Heating Mediators of Magnetic Hyperthermia
