Dielectric properties assessment of honey by using non-destructive dielectric spectroscopy

<p>In this research the dielectric constant of three types of Malaysian honey has been investigated using a non-destructive measurement technique. The objective of this research is to assess the dielectric constant of the three types of honey in Malaysia using a non-destructive measurement technique known as an open-ended coaxial probe in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 10 GHz frequency. Analysis on the effect water concentration in honey on the dielectric constant and the effect of temperature on dielectric constant of honey has been conducted. The three types of honey that have been chosen to be investigated in this project are stingless bee honey, wild honey and commercial (organic) honey and together their water adulterated samples. For this research, the probe had been set up by setting a range of frequency from 100 MHz to 10 GHz and needs to be calibrated with three calibration methods namely open, short and reference water. From the result it was found that the higher the temperature of the honey and the higher percentage of water content in the honey, the dielectric constant is increased. The dielectric constants of all honeys decreased with increasing frequency in the measured frequency range and increased with increase percentage of water content and temperature.</p>

Investigating the Possibility of Determining the Sequence Intersecting Lines between LaserJet Printing and Handwriting in Document Examination using Color Measurement Technique

In Questioned Documents Examination, the sequence of crossing lines in the intersection of handwriting and printed area can be important clues for detecting tampered documents. Recognition of such documents is a arduous task and requires people with experience and expertise. In the present work, we investigated the possibility of determining the sequence of intersecting lines between LaserJet printing and handwriting for a series of simulated laboratory specimens in the document examination using color measurement technique. The spectral reflectance curves and color coordinates of some points on and out of the cross lines were compared. Four different commercial ballpoint pens and a black toner LaserJet were used to prepare the specimens. The color change of the intersecting lines was subjectively considered through the captured images and a visual assessment process. It was also objectively determined by determining the color difference values from the colorimetric data in CIELAB and CIELCH color spaces in the visible range. The color change evaluation showed that the order in which printing or handwriting is applied alters colorimetric results. Moreover, the investigations showed small color difference values of less than 2 units between a point of printed area individually, and intersection could be applied as a tolerance limit for pass/fail judgments.

Crisis Responsibility Impact on Customer Loyalty Eiger through Post-Crisis Reputation

PT Eigerindo Multi Produk is a company that produces outdoor, travel, and riding equipment. In early 2021, Eiger was hit by a crisis that many concluded was a failed PR activity. Eiger formed a crisis responsibility by providing feedback and creating a discount program for the audience. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the crisis responsibility affected the loyalty of Eiger customers with a post-crisis reputation as an intervening variable. This study uses an explanatory quantitative approach involving 265 samples selected using non-probability purposive sampling technique with criteria that sample must know this case and have used Eiger products. This study uses path analysis as a data measurement technique to prove whether there is a relationship between the variables in this study. Path analysis was carried out using the AMOS 26 tool. The results showed that a post-crisis reputation was a partial-mediation intervening variable. The direct effect in this study is more prominent than the indirect effect. PT Eigerindo Multi Produk merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi alat-alat outdoor, travel, dan riding. Pada awal 2021, Eiger sempat dilanda krisis dikarenakan pemberian surat keberatan kepada beberapa Youtuber yang memiliki kualitas video yang kurang baik. Hal ini banyak disimpulkan sebagai salah satu aktivitas PR yang gagal. Untuk menghadapi krisis ini, Eiger memuat beberapa tanggapan dan membuat program diskon kepada khalayaknya sebagai bentuk dari tanggung jawab krisis tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah tanggung jawab krisis tersebut berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas pelanggan Eiger dengan reputasi pasca-krisis sebagai variabel mediator. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatif yang melibatkan 265 sampel yang dipilih menggunakan Teknik non-probability sampling, purposive sampling dengan kriteria sampel yang harus mengetahui kasus krisis Eiger serta pernah menggunakan produk Eiger. Penelitian ini menggunakan path analysis sebagai teknik pengukuran data untuk membuktikan apakah ada hubungan antar variabel yang ada di dalam penelitian ini. Path analysis yang dilakukan menggunakan bantuan perangkat AMOS 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reputasi pasca-krisis sebagai variabel intervening yang bersifat partial-mediation. Pengaruh langsung dalam penelitian ini lebih besar dibandingkan pengaruh tidak langsung.

Optimized Inspection and Integrity Assessment of Well Conductors for Life Extension Strategic Planning

Assuring integrity of offshore well Conductor is one of the challenges in the aged giant offshore fields operating with 1500+ wells. Such fields should have a robust and efficient integrity management system for inspection and assessment of well conductors through the well life cycle. Offshore well Conductors form the secondary load-bearing element in a well, primary being the surface casing. A practical approach in assessing the structural integrity of the well conductor is proposed in this paper. Wells were classifying into five subgroups; optimized Inspection and Integrity Assessment methods used to establish the structural integrity of conductors; which were evaluated and validated by a 3rd part consultant. The assessment results indicate how over-conservative assumptions in engineering assessment may mislead operators to categorize wells into higher risk. Assessment was performed utilizing various modeling software. Reliability based approach was adopted to accommodate uncertainties in data utilizing appropriate engineering judgement to tackle data gaps. Average thickness measured at discrete elevations was compared with the calculated minimum required thickness (MRT) to assess the structural integrity status of conductors. This approach helped in the decision making and planning for risk mitigation repairs. The results of optimized inspection techniques and structural assessment methodology lead to establishment of clear pattern for critical well conductors and applied to the groups to decide on maintenance strategy. The conductor wall thickness data measured from automated thickness measurement technique is matching with the measured data from manual thickness measurements. The average wall thickness at each elevation, obtained from the raw automated thickness measurement technique data to be used for assessment of the conductor. After building good confidence in the mode of failure the results indicated that manual thickness measurement technique is sufficient to assess the structural integrity of the conductors. The consultant has performed parametric studies to validate the Minimum Required Thickness (MRT) for the most onerous well in the group; by modelling the boundary conditions of conductor span between the guides, the critical water depth, well depth etc. Sensitivity studies were performed considering the environmental loading due to wind, wave, current; vortex induced vibrations, cement height behind the pipes etc. From the new findings the integrity status of the current wells risk ranking will be reviewed and if the average measured thickness is greater than the MRT then a repair program is no more required. The resource utilization was optimized based on the final outcome of the exercise. A procedure based optimized inspection techniques and structural integrity assessments to the group the well conductors resulted in the revision of risk ranking of wells, efficient maintenance planning and achieve high-cost optimization for its life extension. The outcome of the consultancy study will also substantiate our current method of conductor assessment and decision for repair based on risk-based approach. Based on the learnings this paper will be focusing on utilizing optimal inspection and assessment approach.

A novel, low-cost technique for modelless calibration of a 3-axis parallel kinematic machine

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel measurement technique and a modelless calibration method for improving the positioning accuracy of a three-axis parallel kinematic machine (PKM). The aim is to present a low-cost calibration alternative, for small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as educational and research teams, with no expensive measuring devices at their disposal. Design/methodology/approach Using a chessboard pattern on a ground-truth plane, a digital indicator, a two-dimensional eye-in-hand camera and a laser pointer, positioning errors are explored in the machine workspace. With the help of these measurements, interpolation functions are set up per direction, resulting in an interpolation vector function to compensate the volumetric errors in the workspace. Findings Based on the proof-of-concept system for the linear-delta PKM, it is shown that using the proposed measurement technique and modelless calibration method, positioning accuracy is significantly improved using simple setups. Originality/value In the proposed method, a combination of low-cost devices is applied to improve the three-dimensional positioning accuracy of a PKM. By using the presented tools, the parametric kinematic model is not required; furthermore, the calibration setup is simple, there is no need for hand–eye calibration and special fixturing in the machine workspace.