Reference Values for Acoustic Rhinometry in Subjects without Nasal Symptoms

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Millqvist ◽  
Mats Bende
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Symptoms

Reference values for acoustic rhinometry are presented from 334 individuals without nasal symptoms between 4 years and 61 years old. There was a significant correlation between the minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) and nasal volume. Although the reproducibility of the method was good, the MCA varied widely. MCA correlated weakly to weight, height, age, and body mass index. Our data suggest that acoustic rhinometry is valuable for inter-individual comparisons.

158. Median nerve cross-sectional area in adults per body mass index

2012 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. e62
Author(s):  
C. Gutierrez ◽  
R.N. Sembrano ◽  
A. Ivanescu ◽  
M. Carrion-Jones ◽  
D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Reference values for acoustic rhinometry in children at baseline and after decongestion

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
L.E. Haavisto ◽  
T.J. Vahlberg ◽  
J.I. Sipila
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Objective Method ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
The Mean

Background: Acoustic rhinometry is widely used for objective evaluation of nasal dimensions. However, there is a lack of agreement on the normative values in children at baseline, and especially after decongestion. The purpose of this study was to determine the reference values for Finnish school children for acoustic rhinometry in non-decongested and decongested noses, and to find out which of the potential predictors (age, sex, body surface area (BSA) and height) would be the most useful one(s). Methodology: The study included 124 children aged between 6.90 and 13.84 years with no permanent nasal symptoms. Results: At baseline, the mean total minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) was 0.752 cm2, and the mean total volume between 0 - 3 cm (VOL) was 4.00 cm3. After decongestion, the total MCA was 0.794 cm2, and the VOL was 4.38 cm3. There was a significant correlation between MCA and age, between VOL and height, and between VOL and BSA at baseline and after decongestion. We found no difference in the values between boys and girls. Conclusions: We conclude that acoustic rhinometry is a suitable objective method to monitor the changes in mucosal swelling and nasal obstruction in children. Age and height or BSA of a child can be suggested as predictive factors.

scholarly journals Peripheral veins: influence of gender, body mass index, age and varicose veins on cross-sectional area

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kröger ◽  
C Ose ◽  
G Rudofsky ◽  
J Roesener ◽  
D Weiland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Upper airway morphological changes in obstructive sleep apnoea: effect of age on pharyngeal anatomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
F Gao ◽  
Y R Li ◽  
W Xu ◽  
Y S An ◽  
H J Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Airway Morphology

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the upper airway morphology changes associated with ageing in adult Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.MethodsA total of 124 male patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea by overnight polysomnography, who underwent upper airway computed tomography, were enrolled. The linear dimensions, cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway region and the surrounding bony frame were measured. The association between ageing and upper airway morphology was analysed.ResultsSoft palate length, minimum cross-sectional area of the retroglossal region, lateral dimensions at the minimum cross-sectional area of the retropalatal and retroglossal regions, nasopharyngeal volume, and average cross-sectional area of the nasopharyngeal region were found to significantly increase with ageing in all patients, while the upper airway shape flattened with ageing. The volume of the retropalatal region increased with ageing among the patients with a body mass index of less than 24 kg/m2. The volume of parapharyngeal fat pad increased with ageing among patients with a body mass index greater than 28 kg/m2.ConclusionA number of dimensional, cross-sectional and volumetric parameters of the pharynx increased with age, indicating that non-anatomical factors may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea in aged patients.

scholarly journals Retinal nerve fibre layer cross-sectional area, neuroretinal rim area and body mass index

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. e194-e199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jost B. Jonas ◽  
Vinay Nangia ◽  
Rajesh Gupta ◽  
Shubhra Agarwal ◽  
Arshia Matin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neuroretinal Rim ◽  
Neuroretinal Rim Area ◽  
Nerve Fibre Layer

scholarly journals The Jaw Adductor Resultant and Estimated Bite Force in Primates

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. G. Perry ◽  
Adam Hartstone-Rose ◽  
Rachel L. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Distraction ◽  
Jaw Adductors

We reconstructed the jaw adductor resultant in 34 primate species using new data on muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and data on skull landmarks. Based on predictions by Greaves, the resultant should (1) cross the jaw at 30% of its length, (2) lie directly posterior to the last molar, and (3) incline more anteriorly in primates that need not resist large anteriorly-directed forces. We found that the resultant lies significantly posterior to its predicted location, is significantly posterior to the last molar, and is significantly more anteriorly inclined in folivores than in frugivores. Perhaps primates emphasize avoiding temporomandibular joint distraction and/or wide gapes at the expense of bite force. Our exploration of trends in the data revealed that estimated bite force varies with body mass (but not diet) and is significantly greater in strepsirrhines than in anthropoids. This might be related to greater contribution from the balancing-side jaw adductors in anthropoids.

scholarly journals Ontogenetic scaling patterns and functional anatomy of the pelvic limb musculature in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis P Lamas ◽  
Russell P Main ◽  
John R. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Allometry ◽  
Dromaius Novaehollandiae ◽  
Pelvic Limb

Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are exclusively terrestrial, bipedal and cursorial ratites with some similar biomechanical characteristics to humans. Their growth rates are impressive as their body mass increases eighty-fold from hatching to adulthood whilst maintaining the same mode of locomotion throughout life. These ontogenetic characteristics stimulate biomechanical questions about the strategies that allow emus to cope with their rapid growth and locomotion, which can be partly addressed via scaling (allometric) analysis of morphology. In this study we have collected pelvic limb anatomical data (muscle architecture, tendon length, tendon mass and bone lengths) and calculated muscle physiological cross sectional area (PCSA) and average tendon cross sectional area from emus across three ontogenetic stages (n=17, body masses from 3.6 to 42 kg). The data were analysed by reduced major axis regression to determine how these biomechanically relevant aspects of morphology scaled with body mass. Muscle mass and PCSA showed a marked trend towards positive allometry (26 and 27 out of 34 muscles respectively) and fascicle length showed a more mixed scaling pattern. The long tendons of the main digital flexors scaled with positive allometry for all characteristics whilst other tendons demonstrated a less clear scaling pattern. Finally, the two longer bones of the limb (tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsus) also exhibited positive allometry for length and the two others (femur and first phalanx of digit III) had trends towards isometry. These results indicate that emus experience a relative increase in their muscle force-generating capacities, as well as potentially increasing the force-sustaining capacities of their tendons, as they grow. Furthermore, we have clarified anatomical descriptions and provided illustrations of the pelvic limb muscle-tendon units in emus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document