scholarly journals Thoracolumbar pilomyxoid astrocytoma concomitant with spinal scoliosis: A case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Alireza Tabibkhooei ◽  
Alireza Sadeghipour ◽  
Arash Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Cervicothoracic Junction ◽  
Decompressive Laminectomy ◽  
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Thoracic Cord ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Symptom Progression ◽  
Tumor Debulking

Background: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a variant of pilocytic astrocytomas but exhibits more aggressive behavior. Further, it is more prevalent in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic regions and is only rarely encountered in the thoracic spine. Case Description: A 9-year-old male presented with severe spastic paraparesis (motor/sensory) attributed to a thoracic cord PMA and scoliosis. The magnetic resonance (MR) showed an intraaxial ill-defined expansile lesion with heterogeneous enhancement extending from the cervicothoracic junction to conus medullaris. A multilevel decompressive laminectomy was performed with restricted tumor debulking; an expansile duraplasty was also effected. Two years later, the patient has moderately improved and has not shown any symptom progression. Conclusion: We recommend the early performance of a thoracic MR in children with idiopathic scoliosis presenting with the onset of a significant spastic paraparesis.

Surgical resection of subependymoma of the cervical spinal cord

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (v2supplement) ◽  
pp. Video3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A. Tan ◽  
Manish K. Kasliwal ◽  
Nakhle Mhanna ◽  
Ricardo B. V. Fontes ◽  
Vincent C. Traynelis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumors ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Cervicothoracic Junction ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Thoracic Cord

Subependymomas can rarely occur in the spinal cord, and account for about 2% of symptomatic spinal cord tumors. It most often occurs in the cervical spinal cord, followed by cervicothoracic junction, thoracic cord and conus medullaris. It often has an eccentric location in the spinal cord and lacks gadolinium enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging. We present a rare case of symptomatic subependymoma of the cervical spinal cord, which underwent successful gross total resection. Surgical pearls and nuances are discussed to help surgeons to avoid potential complications.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/Rsm9KxZX7Yo.

scholarly journals Neuropathology of two Brazilian autopsied cases of tropical spastic paraparesis / HTLV-I associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) of long evolution

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (3A) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício de Castro-Costa ◽  
René Dom ◽  
Herwig Carton ◽  
Patrick Goubau ◽  
Terezinha de Jesus Teixeira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Spinal Cord Atrophy ◽  
Thoracic Cord

We report on a neuropathological analysis of two cases of TSP/HAM originating from Brazil. These two cases had, respectively, an evolution of 13 and 40 years. The main neuropathological findings consisted of spinal cord atrophy, mainly the lower thoracic cord, diffuse degeneration of the white and grey matter, rare foci of mononuclear and perivascular cuffs, and hyaline hardening of arteriolae. The supraspinal structures were normal, excepting for a slight gliosis in the cerebellum. An analysis on the long evolutive cases as described in the literature is outlined in this study.

scholarly journals MRI of thoracic cord in tropical spastic paraparesis.

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1110-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Kermode ◽  
P Rudge ◽  
A J Thompson ◽  
E P du Boulay ◽  
W I McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Thoracic Cord

scholarly journals LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: MRI of thoracic cord in tropical spastic paraparesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 710-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kermode ◽  
P Rudge ◽  
A. Thompson ◽  
E. D. Boulay ◽  
W. Mcdonald
Keyword(s):  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Thoracic Cord

Isolated Extradural Rosai-Dorfman Disease of the Thoracic Spine: A Rare Cause of Spinal Cord Compression

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. E514-E515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Abou-Zeid ◽  
Amit Herwadkar ◽  
Daniel du Plessis ◽  
Kanna K. Gnanalingham
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Posterior Surgery ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Scan ◽  
Thoracic Cord

Abstract OBJECTIVE Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare benign histiocytic disease of unknown origin that arises predominantly in lymph nodes with generalized fever and malaise but can affect a variety of organs. We describe a case of isolated Rosai-Dorfman disease causing thoracic cord compression. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 24-year-old man presented with progressive spastic paraparesis. A magnetic resonance scan revealed an anteriorly placed extradural lesion of the T4-T7 thoracic spine causing cord compression. He was systemically well with no other disease. INTERVENTION The patient made a complete recovery after a limited T4-T7 laminectomy and biopsy of the lesion. Repeat magnetic resonance scan at 6 months revealed a further posteriorly placed lesion at the T8/9 level. More extensive posterior surgery was carried out with subtotal resection of the lesion with pedicle screw fixation. Histologically, all specimens revealed fibrous connective tissue infiltrated by histiocytic cells with CD68 and S100 positivity, confirming a diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease. CONCLUSIONS This is a rare case of isolated Rosai-Dorfman disease causing thoracic cord compression. It should be considered among the differential diagnoses of extradural cord compression. Radiological features and treatment options are discussed.

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the cerebellum

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi A. Ajani ◽  
Ghanem Al Sulaiti ◽  
Issam Al Bozom
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Grade Ii

Pilomyxoid astrocytomas (PMAs) are low-grade (WHO Grade II) tumors for which the imaging features are similar to pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs), but for which histological features and the clinical course differ. They are classified as a variant of PA. They have only been recently recognized, and they behave more aggressively than PAs. Most cases occur in the hypothalamic-chiasmatic area, although they may be located in any part of the neuraxis. Posterior fossa PMAs are very rare. The authors report a case of a 2-year-old girl with cerebellar PMA.

scholarly journals Extramedullary Conus Ependymoma Involving a Lumbar Nerve Root with Filum Terminale Attachment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S24719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Moriwaki ◽  
Koichi Iwatsuki ◽  
Yu-ichiro Ohnishi ◽  
Koshi Ninomiya ◽  
Toshiki Yoshimine
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Myxopapillary Ependymoma ◽  
Filum Terminale ◽  
Intramedullary Tumors ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Thoracic Cord

Purpose In the current report, we describe a case of an extramedullary ependymoma involving a lumbar nerve root near conus medullaris. Spinal ependymomas commonly present as intramedullary tumors in the cervical or thoracic cord or as tumors arising from the conus medullaris or the filum terminale. In this case, we showed an extramedullary conus ependymoma involving a lumbar nerve root with filum terminale attachment. Case Presentation A 69-year-old woman presented with lower back pain, but without sensory disturbance or motor weakness in her lower extremities. Clinical Assessment Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural mass at T12–L1 at the conus medullaris, which was totally resected. Histopathology revealed a non-myxopapillary ependymoma (WHO grade 2). Postoperatively, the patient did well and displayed no neurological deficits. Moreover, no radiotherapy was required. Conclusions This report documented a rare case of intradural extramedullary ependymoma located at the conus medullaris, involving the lumbar nerve root, and attached to the filum terminale. Although extramedullary ependymomas at this region are more frequently classified as myxopapillary, histopathological examination revealed this tumor as a non-myxopapillary ependymoma.

Spontaneous hemorrhage associated with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren N. Gottfried ◽  
Daniel W. Fults ◽  
Jeannette J. Townsend ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Recurrent Tumor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Small Focus ◽  
Aggressive Variant

✓ Pilomyxoid astrocytomas have been identified as a more aggressive variant of pilocytic astrocytomas that occur in infants and in young children. These tumors are characterized by a perivascular arrangement of pilocytic cells that has a monomorphous architecture with uniform, elongated bipolar cells loosely arranged within a prominent myxoid background. The authors present the case of a 24-year-old man with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the temporal lobe, who presented with a hemorrhage. The patient underwent gross-total tumor resection, and no evidence of residual or recurrent tumor was found on magnetic resonance images at the 6-month follow-up examination. The occurrence of a pilomyxoid astrocytoma in an adult suggests that this tumor is not limited to children. The tumor described in this report is unique because of its presentation with a hemorrhage, which has not been previously described in cases of pilomyxoid astrocytomas and is rarely found in those of pilocytic astrocytomas. Although this tumor predominantly exhibited the pattern of a pilomyxoid astrocytoma, there was a small focus of pilocytic astrocytoma, indicating that there is a spectrum of histological components found in these tumors and that certain elements may be associated with a more aggressive phenotype. In this paper the authors review the literature on pilomyxoid astrocytomas and discuss the unique aspects of this particular tumor presentation.

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