scholarly journals The Efficacy of a Video Self-Modeling Intervention on Peer Social Initiation Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lema Kabashi ◽  
Louise A. Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Single Subject Design ◽  
Target Behaviors ◽  
Social Initiations ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Multiple Probe ◽  
Video Self Modeling

Social initiation skills are considered among the most challenging skills to acquire by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Generalization of social initiations is another related challenging area. Research indicates that when provided with appropriate interventions, children with ASD may enhance social initiation skills and generalize them across settings, people, and materials. This study implemented a multiple probe single subject design across three children with ASD to examine whether a video self-modeling intervention is effective in establishing a mand repertoire and other types of peer social initiations. Generalization and maintenance effects were measured in addition to the social validity of the video self-modeling intervention. While video self-modeling led to substantial improvements in almost all of the target behaviors for one participant, additional strategies were implemented for two other participants. Discussion of findings, study limitations, and future recommendations are addressed as well.

Improving Social Initiations of Children with Autism Using Video Self-Modeling with Video Feedback: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lema Kabashi ◽  
Ann Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Video Feedback ◽  
Special Educator ◽  
Target Behaviors ◽  
Social Initiations ◽  
Inclusive Preschool ◽  
Video Self Modeling

AbstractThe purpose of this A-B subject research design was to investigate the efficacy of video self-modeling with video feedback using an iPad to promote social initiation skills in a young child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It was hypothesized that the participant would increase social initiations toward peers in an inclusive preschool classroom by viewing a video of himself performing four targeted behaviors. The participant’s paraprofessional and his early childhood special educator implemented the intervention and provided feedback on his performance. Findings of this case study revealed improvements in the four targeted behaviors: approaching, greeting, inviting, and interacting with a peer. As a result of the intervention, the participant demonstrated generalization of target behaviors across settings, peers, items, and activities. In addition, the target behaviors were maintained one month after the intervention was withdrawn. Social validity results from the participant’s parents as well as his paraprofessional and teachers supported efficacy of the intervention.

Comparative Effects of Picture Symbol With Paired Text and Text-Only Augmentative and Alternative Communication Representations on Communication From Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 584-597
Author(s):  
Christine Holyfield
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Children With Asd

Purpose Technology features that maximize communicative benefit while minimizing learning demands must be identified and prioritized to amplify the efficiency and effectiveness of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention. Picture symbols with paired text are a common representation feature in AAC systems for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who are preliterate, yet little research about their comparative benefit exists. Method Four school-age children with ASD and limited speech who were preliterate participated in two single-subject studies. In one study, communication of high imageability words (e.g., nouns) on an AAC app during a book-reading activity was compared across two representation conditions: picture symbols with paired text and text only. In the second study, communication of low imageability words (e.g., verbs) was compared. Both studies had baseline, intervention, generalization, and maintenance phases. Results Prior to intervention, participants communicated across both representation conditions at low rates except two participants who were relatively successful using picture symbol with paired text representations of high imageability words. In response to intervention, all participants demonstrated increases in communication across representation conditions and maintained the increases. Participants demonstrated generalization in the text-only representation condition. Conclusions Children with ASD who were preliterate acquired communication at comparable rates regardless of whether an AAC app utilized picture symbol with paired text or text-only representation. Therefore, while larger scale research is needed, clinicians and technology developers could consider increasing the use of text in AAC representation given the inherent value associated with learning to recognize written words. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13661357

scholarly journals Comparison of Tablet-Delivered and Instructor-Delivered Teaching on Receptive Identification in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Sabine Saade Chebli ◽  
Marc J. Lanovaz ◽  
Marie-Michèle Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Receptive Identification ◽  
Multielement Design ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Multiple Probe ◽  
Multiple Probe Design

The purpose of our study was to compare the effectiveness of tablet- and instructor-delivered teaching (i.e., prompting and reinforcement) on the receptive identification of one-word concepts in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). To this end, we embedded a multielement design within a multiple probe design to compare the effectiveness of the two instructional modalities in seven participants. Two of the seven participants showed generalization on all concepts in fewer instructional trials following instructor-delivered teaching, whereas the remaining five participants had mixed results depending on the concept. In total, the participants showed more rapid generalization with the instructor for 14 of the 19 concepts taught. Our results suggest that tablets should not systematically replace instructor-delivered prompting and reinforcement, but that they may be used to provide supplementary teaching to children with ASD.

“You Still Have to Try It!”: Helping Picky Eaters in Classroom Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanny F. N. Freeman ◽  
Kristen Hayashida ◽  
Tanya Paparella ◽  
Gazi Azad ◽  
Cyndi D. Flowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Preschool Special Education ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Group Programs

Many teachers struggle with implementing self-help eating goals for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). No group programs exist to target this important problem. We used findings from applied behavior analysis research and adapted single-subject interventions into a group-based eating program. In describing the program using two vignettes, children in two preschool special education classrooms are introduced to a character called “Esther the Eater” and then taught to expand their eating choices. The program is designed to be routine, fun, and classroom-friendly to help children with ASD try new foods.

Effects of a Robot-Enhanced Intervention for Children With ASD on Teaching Turn-Taking Skills

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O. David ◽  
Cristina A. Costescu ◽  
Silviu Matu ◽  
Aurora Szentagotai ◽  
Anca Dobrean
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Human Partner ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Core Symptoms

Among social skills that are core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, turn-taking plays a fundamental role in regulating social interaction and communication. Our main focus in this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a robot-enhanced intervention on turn-taking abilities. We aim to identify to what degree social robots can improve turn-taking skills and whether this type of intervention provides similar or better gains than standard intervention. This study presents a series of 5 single-subject experiments with children with autism spectrum disorder aged between 3 and 5 years. Each child receives 20 intervention sessions (8 robot-enhanced sessions—robot-enhanced treatment (RET), 8 standard human sessions—standard human treatment, and 4 sessions with the intervention that was more efficient). Our findings show that most children reach similar levels of performance on turn-taking skills across standard human treatment and RET, meaning that children benefit to a similar extent from both interventions. However, in the RET condition, children seemed to see their robotic partner as being more interesting than their human partner, due to the fact that they looked more at the robotic partner compared with the human partner.

scholarly journals Weighted Blankets and Sleep Quality in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Single-Subject Design

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Bryan M. Gee ◽  
Kimberly Lloyd ◽  
Jesse Sutton ◽  
Tyler McOmber
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Single Subject Design ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Subject Design

The purpose of the study was to explore the efficacy of weighted blanket applications and sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorder and behavioral manifestations of sensory processing deficits. Two 4-year-old participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder who also experienced sleep disturbances took part in a single-subject design study. Objective sleep measures and caregiver surveys were tracked for a baseline period of eight days, followed by a 14-day weighted blanket intervention and a seven-day withdrawal phase. Caregiver reports and objective data were evaluated using visual analysis and the percentage of non-overlapping data methods. The results suggest minimal changes in sleep patterns as a result of the weighted blanket intervention. The findings based on using a weighted blanket intervention were enhanced morning mood after night use and a significantly decreased time to fall asleep for participants, though they were not strong enough to recommend for clinical use. Future directions include single-subject and cohort-designed studies exploring the efficacy of weighted blankets with increasing sleep quality among children with autism.

Language of Intervention in Bilingual Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Summers ◽  
Vannesa Smith ◽  
Vannesa Mueller ◽  
Victoria Alexander ◽  
Amelie Muzza
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Selecting the appropriate language of intervention for bilingual children with language impairment is difficult, especially for bilingual children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as their families are often encouraged by professionals to select one language only for communication. The limited evidence supports the use of bilingual language interventions when working with bilingual children with ASD. The current study sought to expand this limited work by presenting preliminary data of the effects of a bilingual and monolingual treatment condition on the language skills of two bilingual children with ASD (ages 3 and 5) using an alternating treatment, single-subject design. The two treatment conditions, a monolingual English condition and a bilingual English/Spanish condition, were alternated across 14 treatment sessions. Both participants improved in each condition. The treatment conditions were highly effective for one participant and minimally effective for the other participant. Within each participant, effect sizes were similar across the two treatment conditions. There were differences in the maintenance patterns of the two participants. These results support the available evidence that bilingual treatments do not have negative effects on bilingual children with ASD.

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