Ordered B-Site Vacancies in an ABX3 Formate Perovskite
<p>We report the synthesis and structural characterisation of a series of aliovalently doped metal–formate ABX<sub>3</sub> perovskite frameworks [C(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>]Mn<sup>2+</sup><sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>(Fe<sup>3+</sup><sub>2<i>x</i>/3</sub>,V<sub><i>x</i>/3</sub>)(HCOO)<sub>3</sub> (V = B-site vacancy). For sufficiently large <i>x</i>, the vacancies order, lowering the crystal symmetry from orthorhombic <i>Pnna</i> to monoclinic <i>P</i>2/<i>n</i>. This system establishes B-site vacancies as a new type of defect in formate perovskites, and one with important chemical, structural, and functional implications. Monte Carlo simulations driven by a nearest-neighbour vacancy repulsion model show checkerboard vacancy order to emerge for <i>x</i> > 0.6, in accord with experiment.</p>