Today, computed tomography (CT) has a special place among medical imaging modalities. Conventional intravascular contrast agents of CT have a short blood half-life and make adverse reactions. To overcome the problems, recently, nanomaterials with high capabilities for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes have been developed as CT contrast agents. In this study, bismuth oxide/bovine serum albumin/5-Fluorouracil nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized to investigate its efficiency for contrast enhancement of CT imaging as well as loading anticancer drug. CT was performed using 256 slices dual source clinical scanner with both single and dual source mode. The effect of bismuth oxide/bovine serum albumin nanocomposite and its 5-Fluorouracil loaded form on cell viability of A549 cell line was investigated. The average size of the nanocomposite was measured around 20-30 nm. The X-ray attenuation ability of the nanocomposite in single and dual CT imaging was obtained more than 2000 Hounsfield units (HU) in the highest concentration. In similar concentrations, the CT contrast enhancement of the nanocomposite was 1.2 times higher than Iohexol (Omnipaque) as conventional CT contrast agent. 5-Fluorouracil loaded nanocomposite showed 63% killing of cancer cells while the unloaded
nanocomposite showed high cytocompatibility even at the highest concentration. This study offers the novel bioapplication of synthetic bismuth oxide/bovine serum albumin/5-Fluorouracil nanocomposite as a potential contrast agent in CT with capability for anticancer drug loading.
Binding Characterization Study of the Interaction of an Anticancer Drug Ifosfamide with Bovine Serum Albumin
