scholarly journals CAPM based quantification of bankruptcy risk; a heuristic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-356
Author(s):  
Areeba Khan ◽  
Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui ◽  
Sohail Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Fahad Khan

This paper builds on Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and its ability to validate market and firm specific risk. The effort is aimed at ascertaining the role of bankruptcy risk in determining the cost of capital in firms and its impact on corporate valuation. We also attempt to replace and analyze disparity of systematic and unsystematic components of risk with bankruptcy and risk of future liquidity. A similar study has recently been carried out in Indian market by Shirur (2013) for checking the validity of beta and cumulative risk measurement for identifying the presence of bankruptcy risk. This research may be the first attempt at analyzing such semantics with data from Pakistan. Therefore, the current study attempts to investigate the role of bankruptcy risk in determining the cost of capital in corporate valuation and the need of segregating systematic risk and unsystematic risk into liquidity risk and bankruptcy risk. The findings of this study suggest that unsystematic risk shall be eluded while investing in a well-diversified portfolio, but after investing in a specific firm, the unsystematic risk needs to be incorporated in total corporate valuation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Wei Zhang

<p>In calculating the cost of capital for regulated businesses, the New Zealand Commerce Commission uses the Capital Asset Pricing Model to estimate the cost of the equity component of capital, a procedure that involves assuming particular values for unobservable key parameters. This thesis proposes, instead, to estimate these parameters from market data. The principal result is that estimates of these parameters differ significantly from the values assumed by the Commerce Commission. Applying these estimates to two recent cases involving the electricity line and gas pipeline businesses, the estimated costs of capital for the entities involved are 3.5% to 5.5% more than those obtained by the Commission, but the associated confidence intervals are wider. One implication of these findings is that the Commissions approach systematically understates the uncertainty surrounding cost of capital estimates.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Wei Zhang

<p>In calculating the cost of capital for regulated businesses, the New Zealand Commerce Commission uses the Capital Asset Pricing Model to estimate the cost of the equity component of capital, a procedure that involves assuming particular values for unobservable key parameters. This thesis proposes, instead, to estimate these parameters from market data. The principal result is that estimates of these parameters differ significantly from the values assumed by the Commerce Commission. Applying these estimates to two recent cases involving the electricity line and gas pipeline businesses, the estimated costs of capital for the entities involved are 3.5% to 5.5% more than those obtained by the Commission, but the associated confidence intervals are wider. One implication of these findings is that the Commissions approach systematically understates the uncertainty surrounding cost of capital estimates.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
M. J. Alhabeeb

This study exposes the meaning and role of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and lays out the key elements that make it work. It shows the model&rsquo;s theoretical strength and examines its applicability and validity as a technical tool to measure the expected return to the investment in stock, along with assessing the market risk associated with that investment.


2021 ◽  
pp. 031289622110595
Author(s):  
Andrew Grant ◽  
David Johnstone ◽  
Oh Kang Kwon

The celebrated capital asset pricing model (‘CAPM’) brought numerous appealing insights and spawned a new theory of capital budgeting. One key intuition is that there is ‘no penalty for diversifiable risk’ – that is, any risky payoff that has zero-correlation with the wider economy, and hence zero-beta, is treated as ‘risk-free’. Does that mean that managers can bet the firm on a spin of the roulette wheel without attracting a higher CAPM discount rate? Our re-interpretation of CAPM reveals that potential financial losses which are conventionally regarded as firm-specific ‘unpriced’ risks can bring a large increase in the firm’s beta and CAPM cost of capital, despite having zero-beta and making only negligible difference at the aggregate market level. This mathematical result clashes with textbook expositions but is easily demonstrated and can be traced to authoritative but overlooked parts of the theoretical CAPM literature. JEL Classification: G11, G12


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Ali Muhayatsyah

This study discusses financial policies related to costs of capital and costs of debt (capital structure) in the concept of Islamic finance. For a long time capital structure theory has evolved and is used as a reference for evaluating investment decisions for investors and companies that provide a role for managers in making decisions related to the use of company capital so as to improve company performance and value. The current understanding of the cost of equity only refers to the rate of return that is the investor's right to invest in the company. While the cost of debt is understood as the part that must be received from an investment so that the minimum level of return of creditors is met. The underlying theory is, such as the Leverage model; Miller-Modigliani (MM) model; Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM); Arbitrage Price Theory (APT); and Gordon's model which has so far been used in financial theories relating to capital structure problems. The concept of capital structure in Islamic finance gives specific emphasis on the use of capital. The concept of self-regulated capital must be in accordance with Islamic law. This means that any use of capital or debt must have a clear purpose in accordance with Islamic principles with the aim of maximizing the problem so that the creation of falah. In the concept of Islamic capital, it is permissible to take a share of profits on capital, but the amount cannot be determined based on a percentage of capital. The profit is an incentive for capital used in business projects, the calculation of which is done after the business process is completed and other obligations have been fulfilled. Keywords: Costs of Capital, Costs of Debt, Capital Structure, Islamic Finance   Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang kebijakan keuangan yang berkaitan dengan biaya modal dan biaya hutang (struktur modal) dalam konsep keuangan Islam. Sejak lama teori struktur modal telah berkembang dan dijadikan sebagai rujukan penilaian keputusan investasi bagi investor maupun perusahaan yang memberikan peran kepada manajer dalam mengambil keputusan terkait penggunaan modal perusahaan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja dan nilai perusahaan. Pemahaman selama ini mengenai biaya ekuitas hanya mengacu pada tingkat pengembalian yang merupakan hak investor atas investasinya di perusahaan. Sedangkan biaya hutang dipahami sebagai bagian yang harus diterima dari suatu investasi agar tingkat hasil minimum para kreditor terpenuhi. Teori yang melandasi tersebut seperti, model Leverage; model Miller-Modigliani (MM); Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM); Arbitrage Price Theory (APT); dan model Gordon yang selama ini digunakan pada teori-teori keuangan yang berkaitan dengan masalah struktur modal. Konsep struktur modal dalam keuangan Islam memberikan penekanan secara spesifik dalam penggunaan modal.Konsep modal sendiri diatur harus sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Artinya setiap penggunaan modal atau hutang harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dengan tujuan untuk memaksimumkan maslahah sehingga terciptanya falah. Dalam konsep modal Islam memperbolehkan pengambilan bagian keuntungan atas modal namun besarannya tidak boleh ditetapkan berdasarkan persentase dari modal. Laba tersebut merupakan insentif atas modal yang digunakan dalam proyek bisnis yang perhitungannya dilakukan sesudah proses bisnis selesai dan kewajiban-kewajiban lain telah terpenuhi. Kata kunci: Biaya Modal, Biaya Hutang, Struktur Modal, Keuangan Islam


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Vergara-Novoa ◽  
Juan Pedro Sepúlveda-Rojas ◽  
Miguel D. Alfaro ◽  
Nicolás Riveros

In this paper, we present the cost of capital estimation for highway concessionaires in Chile. We estimated the cost of equity and the cost of debt and determined the capital structure for each one of twenty-four concessionaires that operate highways. We based our estimations on the developments of Sharpe (1964), Modigliani and Miller (1958), and Maquieira (2009), which were also compared with the Brusov et al. (2015) developments. We collected stock prices for different highway concessionaires around the world from Google Finance and Reuters’ websites in order to determine the Beta of equity using a representative company. After that, we estimated the cost of equity considering Hamada (1969) and a Capital Asset Pricing Model. Then, we estimated the cost of capital using the cost of debt and the capital structure of Chile’s highway concessionaires. With all above, we were able to determine the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for highway concessions which ranges from 5.49 to 6.62%.


Author(s):  
Luong Tram Anh

Using data from 2010 to 2019, for the first time, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Three-factor Model (TFM) are compared in different contexts of the Vietnamese economy (recession and recovery). This paper employs four tests including the t-test, determination coefficient R2, Chow-test and GRS-test to examine the performance of the two models. Results show the superiority of the TFM over the CAPM in both contexts of the economy, consistent with Fama and French’s studies. This promises that the TFM can be used to replace the CAPM in capturing the cost of equity. Another finding is that the two models tend to perform better in recession than recovery. This study contributes to the literature about asset-pricing models and their performances in different economic contexts. Moreover, the findings also offer insights into the use of the CAPM and TFM in developing countries in general and Vietnam, in particular.


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Jerome Duncan ◽  
Seth C. Anderson ◽  
Sherrell Price ◽  
Cassandra Thomas

This case illustrates how the Gordon Growth Model is employed to estimate the value of a firm’s stock.  The model determines the value of stock based on dividends, growth rate, and the cost of capital. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is employed to calculate the cost of capital.  Both economic analysis and ratio analysis are used to examine the impact of external and internal factors on share worth.  The case discusses why the market share price may vary from an estimation of its worth. This case study can be used in an Introduction to Investments course, an Advanced Investments course, or a first level MBA graduate course.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document