In recent years, one of the promising approaches in the QSAR modeling Monte Carlo optimization
approach as conformation independent method, has emerged. Monte Carlo optimization has
proven to be a valuable tool in chemoinformatics, and this review presents its application in drug discovery
and design. In this review, the basic principles and important features of these methods are discussed
as well as the advantages of conformation independent optimal descriptors developed from the
molecular graph and the Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) notation compared
to commonly used descriptors in QSAR modeling. This review presents the summary of obtained results
from Monte Carlo optimization-based QSAR modeling with the further addition of molecular
docking studies applied for various pharmacologically important endpoints. SMILES notation based
optimal descriptors, defined as molecular fragments, identified as main contributors to the increase/
decrease of biological activity, which are used further to design compounds with targeted activity
based on computer calculation, are presented. In this mini-review, research papers in which molecular
docking was applied as an additional method to design molecules to validate their activity further,
are summarized. These papers present a very good correlation among results obtained from Monte
Carlo optimization modeling and molecular docking studies.