scholarly journals STUDY OF URINARY SYSTEM CALCULI IN SUDANESE USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Maha Esmeal Ahmed ◽  
Mwahib Sid Ahmed Aldosh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Objective: The aim of study was to study the chemical composition of renal stone in Sudanese population using computed tomography scan. Method: This is analytic study conducted in Khartoum state hospitals in the period from November 2018 to October 2019.The problem of the study was no similar study done in Sudanese populations. The study was done in 100 patients. The data was collected from computed tomography scan to the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder. Classified and analyzed by   statistical package for the social sciences application (SPSS). Results: The study found that most chemical composition of renal stone among Sudanese population was uric acid (0%), Cystine (26%) then Struvite (14%) and calcium (60%). The most effective age group with renal stone was (61-70) years old (36.7%) and same age group have a Struvite stone (28.3%). Furthermore, the most common age group with a cyctine renal stone were the cystine affect in the age between 50 years to 60 years old. The uric acid, Cystine, and calcium stone composition may be reliably predicted in vivo on the basis of dual-energy Computed tomography findings. In the future, a single dual-energy computed tomography examination may contribute to not only the identification but also the chemical characterization of stones in the urinary tract and it may add to the information available from non-enhanced conventional CT performed for evaluation of nephrolithiasis.

scholarly journals In vivo determination of renal stone composition with dual-energy computed tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Henry Corbett ◽  
Werner S. Harmse
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

Background: Composition of renal stones influences management of patients with renal stone disease. Currently stone composition can only be analysed ex vivo after stone extraction or passage, but recent introduction of dual-energy computed tomography (CT) to clinical practice has raised interest in the ability of this technology to determine composition of renal stones in vivo.Objectives: To determine renal stone composition in patients using single-source dual-energy rapid-peak kilovolt (kVp) switching CT.Method: Nineteen patients with renal stones for percutaneous nephrolithotomy were evaluated with single-source dual-energy computed tomography on a Discovery CT 750HD. The Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI) effective atomic number (Zeff) and attenuation at 70 keV monochromatic energy were used to predict the stone composition. Infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction of stones after extraction served as the reference standard.Results: Two (10.5%) of the 19 stones had uric acid as major component. The other 17 (89.5%) were calcium-based stones. No statistically significant difference between the GSI Zeff and calculated effective atomic number (Z) for stone compounds was found. The GSI Zeff and attenuation could differentiate between uric acid and non-uric acid stones. No differentiation between different calcium stones could be made.Conclusion: Uric acid and non-uric acid renal stones can be differentiated with single-source dual-energy in vivo. The GSI Zeff reflects the dominant material in polycrystalline stones.

Determination of Renal Stone Composition in Phantom and Patients Using Single-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen M. Kulkarni ◽  
Brian H. Eisner ◽  
Daniella F. Pinho ◽  
Mukta C. Joshi ◽  
Avinash R. Kambadakone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Determination of Ureter Stent Appearance on Dual-energy Computed Tomography Scan

Urology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 986-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Jepperson ◽  
David D. Thiel ◽  
Joesph G. Cernigliaro ◽  
Gregory A. Broderick ◽  
Alexander S. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Characterization of renal stone composition by using fast kilovoltage switching dual-energy computed tomography compared to laboratory stone analysis: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ukrit Rompsaithong ◽  
Kantima Jongjitaree ◽  
Pornpim Korpraphong ◽  
Varat Woranisarakul ◽  
Tawatchai Taweemonkongsap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Stone Analysis ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography

Role of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Scan in Diagnosis of Gout

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawaf Almeshal ◽  
Dinkar Kaw ◽  
Cletus Iwuagwu ◽  
Nezam Altorok
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

scholarly journals Dual-Energy Multidetector Computed Tomography: A Highly Accurate Non-Invasive Tool for in Vivo Determination of Chemical Composition of Renal Calculi

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. E202134
Author(s):  
Shafqat Shabir Bhawani ◽  
Majid Jehangir ◽  
Mohammad Masood ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad Dar ◽  
Sajad Nazir Syed
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Computed Tomography ◽  
Uric Acid Stones

Introduction. Computed tomography is more accurate than excretory urography in evaluation of renal stones due to its high sensitivity and temporal resolution; it permits sub-millimetric evaluation of the size and site of calculi but cannot evaluate their chemical composition. Dual-energy computed tomography allows evaluating the chemical composition of urinary calculi using simultaneous image acquisition at two different energy levels. The objective of the research was to determine renal stone composition using dual-energy multidetector computed tomography, and its correlation with post-extraction chemical analysis of stones. Materials and Methods. This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging from September 2017 to March 2019. A total of 50 patients with urolithiasis at the age of 18-70 years were included in the study. Dual-energy computed tomography ratios of various stones were noted, and preoperative composition of calculi was given based on their colour and dual-energy computed tomography ratio. These results were compared with the post-extraction chemical analysis of stones (using Fourier infrared transform spectroscopy as the standard comparative method.) Results. The most common type of calculi in our study population was calcium oxalate stones (78%) followed by uric acid stones (12%), cystine stones (6%) and hydroxyapatite stones (4%). The dual-energy ratio of calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine and hydroxyapatite stones ranged from 1.38-1.59, 0.94-1.08, and 1.20-1.28 and 1.52-1.57, respectively, with the mean dual-energy ratio of 1.43, 1.01, 1.25 and 1.55, respectively. Dual-energy computed tomography was found to be 100% sensitive and specific for differentiating uric acid stones from non‑uric acid stones. The sensitivity and specificity in differentiating calcium oxalate calculus from non‑calcium oxalate calculus was 97.5% and 90.9%, respectively, with 96% accuracy and kappa value of 0.883 suggesting strong agreement. Conclusions. Dual-energy computed tomography is highly sensitive and accurate in distinguishing between various types of renal calculi. It has vital role in management as uric acid calculi are amenable to drug treatment, while most of non-uric acid calculi require surgical intervention.

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